改写句子练习题(5月12日)
一、照样子,把下面的句子换种表达方式。二、照样子,改写句子。B、改成"被"字句例:你走得越远,不是越到不了楚国吗?例:蒲公英的花可以张开、合上。1、水珠四射把小宝塔洗得一尘不染。
你走得越远,就越到不了楚国。蒲公英的花就像我们的手掌,可以张开、合上。
1.马跑得越快,离楚国不是越远了吗?1.一棵高大的橡树挺立在路旁。2、突然而至的大雨淋湿了同学们的衣服。
2.羊已经丢了,还修羊圈干什么?2.翠鸟背上的羽毛非常漂亮。3、我国人民全力抗击"非典","非典"疫情得到有效制止。
3.把杨桃画成了五角星,有什么好笑呢?4.我们难道不应该回报父母对我们的爱吗?5.那么多星星,你怎么能数得清呢?6.这么远,箭哪能射得到呢?
7.这难道不是天下奇观吗?
8.这个道理,不是很容易理解吗?
9.让她去做不正合适吗?
例:这恰好表明有数不尽的骆驼。这不恰好表明有数不尽的骆驼吗?
1.地球就是我们共有的家园。2.翠鸟漂亮机灵,我们很喜欢它。3.认真学习正是好学生的表现。4.羊已经丢了,不用修羊圈了。5.女娲很难过。6.你带的盘缠越多,就越到不了楚国。
3.李华向终点冲去。
4.落叶在树林中飞舞。
三、扩句1、花儿散发着清香。2、同学参加文艺晚会。3、我看《小学生日报》。4、邮票寄托着感情。5、大熊猫团团和圆圆咀嚼竹叶。6、达尔文搜集昆虫。四、按要求改写句子A、改成"把"字句1、在我的请求下,总算留住了一片洁白的雪地。2、武松用尽了力气按住那只大虫。3、清洁工人清理掉一堆堆的垃圾。4、森林爷爷战胜了一个又一个的妖魔。4、一夜东风,吹开了满树繁花。
五、把下面的陈述句改成反问句,反问句改成陈述句。1、我们的战士是可爱的。2、他的话真使我感动。3、除了你,谁能为我遮挡雨水?4、不耕耘怎么有收获?5、实现四个现代化,难道不上全国人民的伟大历史任务吗?
六、3、练习:选择下面的关联词语,填在句子中。
既??又??因为??所以??只要??就??只有??才??虽然??但是??如果??就??即使??也??不但??而且??不仅??还??1、()从小学好本领,()更好地为国家建设出力。2、妈妈()工作,()参加进修学习。3、鲁迅()是伟大的文学家,()是伟大的思想家和革命家。4、()明天下雨,我们()要去探望李老师。
5、()长城是那样雄伟壮丽,()吸引了很多游客。
6、一滴水()很小很小,()无数滴水汇集起来,就可以形成江河湖海。8、不劳动,连棵花也养不活,这难道不是真理吗?2、每个人希望过丰衣足食的好日子。
()
9、随着山势,溪流时而宽,时而窄,时而缓,时而急,3、谁也不能否认这本书是何明的。
溪声也时时变换调子。()
7、()我的成绩在班级里名列前茅,()我不能骄傲。8、()这本书写得太精彩了,()我把这本书一连看了三遍。
9、做个好猎手()要枪法好,()要机智、勇敢。
10、()你每天坚持早锻炼,你的身体()素质会得到提高。
七、读句子,分别说说句中把什么比作了什么?
1、祖国的东沙、中沙、西沙和南沙群岛,就像一把珍珠撒在南海的海面上。
把________比作________2、夕阳之下,浪涛像顽皮的小孩似地跳跃不定。把________比作________
3、河马的一对下门牙,不是向上长的,而是向前平行探出,好像两把铲子一样。
把________比作________八、请写出下列句子所用的修辞方法。
1、几场春雨过后,许多鲜嫩的笋,成群地从土里探出头来。()
2、危楼高百尺,手可摘星辰。()
3、牛群吃草时非常专注,有时站立不动,仿佛正在思考着什么。()
4、一个麦穗儿,就是一个跳动的音符。()5、是谁又吹响了那欢快、柔美的麦哨?是田间玩耍的孩子们。()6、骆驼是沙漠之舟。()
7、兴安岭多会打扮自己呀:青衫作伴,白桦为裙,还穿着绣花鞋!()
10、在轻轻荡漾着的溪流的两岸,满是高过马头的野花,五彩缤纷,像织不完的锦缎那么绵延,像天边的霞光那么耀眼,像高空的彩虹那么绚烂。()11、生物真是人类的好老师啊!()12、不再胆怯的小白菊,慢慢地抬起它们的头。()13、你难道要违背人类的真理吗?()14、森林里的害虫大量繁殖,成群地向树木进攻,吃树叶,咬树根,钻树心。()15、像这样一条多灾多难的祸河,怎么能成为中华民族的“摇篮”呢?()16、有翠绿,有淡青,有金黄,也有火一般的红色。()17、太阳冲破了云霞,跳出了海面。()18、桂子花开,十里飘香。()19、他在呼唤什么?在呼唤和平。()20、桂林的山,像老人,像巨象,像骆驼,奇峰罗列,形态万千。()九、仿照例句写句子。例:幸福是什么?救灾战士说:“幸福就是从废墟中救出劫后余生的人们。”幸福是什么?医生说:幸福是什么?老师说:幸福是什么?我说:十、把下面的句子改为双重否定句。1、每个人都说自己的家乡好。
十一、把错乱排列的句子整理成一段通顺的话。(一)()当夜幕降临的时候,它像慈母用乳汁哺育婴儿一样滋润禾苗。()露珠的身体很小,生命也很短暂,但它却是不平凡的。()它白天隐身在空气中,夜晚无声地在黑暗中工作。()每当黎明到来的时候,它又最早睁开那不知疲倦的眼睛。()它默默地工作,又默默地逝去。(二)(小溪的两边,错落有致地分布着一个个小院落。(我的家住在江南的小镇里。(花香鸟语,潺潺流水,给小镇增添无限乐趣。(一条清澈的小溪从西方流向小镇中心,又默默地流去。(院落前后,随处可见一丛丛花草和一棵棵大树,那是鸟雀的天堂。十二、综合改错。(错别字、标点、语病共6处)。“六一”庆祝会上,宣读了优秀少先队员的名单,
特别发扬了刘华的先进事迹。听了这个消息,同学们纷纷向他庆祝,刘华十分激动极了,他表明自己的决心:
今后一定要再接再励,刻苦钻研,努力攀登科学高峰。
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按要求改写句子知识点梳理
一、概述
按要求改写句子主要考查学生对句子结构的掌握以及用不同句型表达同一意思的能力。考查所涉及到的句子类型有一般疑问句、否定句、反意疑问句、选择疑问句、对划线部分提问、感叹句、保持原句意思、合并成一句、简单句和复合句之间的互换以及改为被动语态等。
二、解题时需注意的几个要点
1、时态:不同的时态相对应的助动词
一般现在时:谓语动词用原形(主语为第三人称单数时,动词加s或es,变否定句、疑问句时助动词为do或does)
一般过去时:谓语动词用过去式,变否定句、疑问句时助动词为did.
现在完成时:助动词have/has+动词的过去分词
过去完成时:助动词had+动词的过去分词
一般将来时:will/be going to +动词原形
过去将来时:would/was or were going to +动词原形
现在进行时:am/is/are+动词的现在分词
过去进行时:was/were+动词的现在分词
2、语态:主动语态变为被动语态的谓语结构
一般现在时:am/is/are+动词的过去分词
一般过去时:was/were+动词的过去分词
一般将来时:will be+动词的过去分词
情态动词:can/may/must/need等情态动词+be++动词的过去分词
3、改反意疑问句时注意hardly, never, seldom, few, little, no等词表达的是否定意义,变反意疑问句时用肯定形式。
4、在合并句子时,有些连词如not only…but also…, neither…nor…, either…or…是就近原则,连接两个主语时动词形式取决于与动词邻近的主语。而both…and…连接两个主语时,主语是复数。
5、简单句和复合句之间的互换常见的有:带有疑问词的宾语从句改为特殊疑问词+to+动词原形的不定式;结果状语从句so…that…改为enough to或too…to…的简单句。
6、保持原句意思改写句子时注意时态不变。
三、习题
练习一
1. We do our homework every evening. (改为否定句)
We _________ ________ our homework every evening. 对划线部分提问
________ ________ do they have a class meeting?
3. She could hardly understand this passage. (改为反意疑问句
She could hardly understand this passage, _________ __________?
4.The manager told him how to get useful information. (改为否定句
The manager _________ _________ him how to get useful information.
5. Tom’s sister can speak English and Japanese very well. (改为反意疑问句
Tom’s sister can speak English and Japanese very well, _________ _________?
对划线部分提问
_________ _________ he live twenty years ago?
7. Sam does some cleaning in the morning. (改为否定句
Sam _________ do _________ cleaning in the morning.
对划线部分提问
_________ _________ have the students worked on the survey?
9. Your father used to ride a bike. (改成反意问句)
Your father used to ride a bike, _______ ________? (对划线提问)
__________ ___________ the population of Germany?
11. Mr. Wang washes his car once a month. (改为一般疑问句)
Mr. Wang (对划线部分提问
will Susan come back from Athens?
13. My friends lost their way when they were traveling in Hong Kong. (改为一般疑问句
________ your friends ________ their way when they were traveling in Hong Kong?
14. 对划线部分提问
________ ________ has Yao Ming been in the Rocket Team?
15. She put the digital camera on the bed just now. (改为否定句
She _________ _________ the digital camera on the bed just now.
16. Mark's flown to Hainan Island for winter holidays. (改为反意疑问句
Mark's flown to Hainan Island for winter holidays, _________ _________?
(专辑. (划线部分提问
_________ did Super Girl Zhou Bichang _________ to Vienna?
18. I’ve already saved enough money to buy a new car. (改为否定句
I ________ saved enough money to buy a car ________.
19. Lily used to have long straight hair. (改为反意疑问句
Lily used to have long straight hair, ________ ________?
20. He has already been there .(改为一般疑问句
__________ he been there __________?
21.They decided that they wouldn't have the picnic because of the bad weather. (改为简单句
They decided __________ _________ have the picnic because of the bad
weather.
22. The English people hardly ever shake hands between the strangers .( 改为反意疑问句
The English people hardly ever shake hands between the strangers, __________ __________?
23. They grew some sunflowers in their garden last year.(改为否定句)
They __________ __________ any sunflowers in their garden last year.
24. Jane drinks milk every morning.(改为一般疑问句)
_________ Jane ___________ milk every morning? (就划线部分提问)
___________ map ___________ to Class 4?
26. You can choose only one of the two: a mini-TV or a DVD player. (改为选择疑问句
you want a mini-TV a DVD player?
27. That detective film is so amazing. (改为感叹句)
___________ ___________ amazing detective film!
28. He has some money left.(改成否定句)
He money left.
29. (划线部分提问)
do the members of the film society meet?
30. His mother knew why the little boy was unhappy all day. (改为一般疑问句
_______ his mother _______ why the boy was unhappy all day?
31. He looks very funny with that hat on. (改为感叹句
_______ _______ he looks with that hat on!. 对划线部分提问
_______ _______ they build this factory?
33. I have already finished the test paper.(改为否定句)
I ________ finished the test paper ________.
34. Johnson denied cheating in the competition.(改为反意疑问句)
Johnson denied cheating in the competition, ________ ________? (对划线部分提问) ________ ________ the story need to be funny?
36. Sam does some cleaning in the morning. (改为否定句
Sam _________ do _________ cleaning in the morning.
对划线部分提问 _________ _________ have the students worked on the survey?
38. (对划线部分提问) _________ _________ has he been a top fashion designer?
39. 对划线部分提问
________ ________ will they move into the new school?
40. to go to the People’s Square by underground. (对划线部分提问
________ _______ did it take you to go to the People’s Square by underground?
练习二:
1. Gold is less valuable than diamond. (保持句意不变
Gold is ________ ________ valuable as diamond.
2. He told the children to go and watch his tank of Ghost fish. (改为被动语态 The children ________ ________ to go and watch his tank of Ghost fish.
3. Unless I have a quiet room, I cannot do any work. (保持句意不变)
I cannot do any work ________ I _________ have a quiet room.
4. The manager arrived here a few minutes ago. (保持句意不变)
The manager has _________here ________ a few minutes.
5. They will send him to work in Japan for one year. (改为被动语态
He will ________ _________ to work in Japan for one year.
6. The words on the notice board are very small. I can’t see them clearly.(保持句子原意
The words on the notice board are small I can’t see them
clearly.
7. We can solve the problems with the help of the teacher. (改为被动语态 The problems can _________ _________ with the help of the teacher.
8. We can’t finish the work in such a short time. (保持原句意思
It’s _________ _________ us to finish the work in such a short time.
9. We must keep the noise under 50 dbs.(分贝(改成被动语态)
The noise must ________ _______ under 50 dbs here.
10. Mike doesn’t like classical music. Billy doesn’t either. (合并成一句) _________ Mike nor Billy __________ classical music.
11. The room is so dirty that we can’t live in it.(保持句意不变)
The room isn’t __________ _________ for us to live in.
12. No one knows when we will start tomorrow. (保持原句意思)
No one knows start tomorrow.
13. The Smiths will invite the professor to take part in the party. (改成被动语态 to take part in the party by the Smiths.
14. If you are not brave, you’ll lose your last chance.(保持原句意思)
you are ’ll lose your last chance.
15. They store much information in the computer. (改成被动语态
Much information ________ ________ in the computer.
16. Don’t throw rubbish here and there. Our teacher said to us. (合并为一句
Our teacher told us ________ ________ throw rubbish here and there.
17. If John doesn’t apologize for what he did, I will tell the teacher about his bad behavior.
(保持原句意思)
_______ John _______ for what he did, I will tell the teacher about his bad behavior.
18. I don't know where we can grow vegetables in the city. (改为简单句 I don't know _________ _________ grow vegetables in the city.
19. People used to enjoy themselves chatting on MSN when it worked well. (保持句意基本不变
People used to _________ a lot of _________ chatting on MSN when it worked well.
20. If you don’t improve your handwriting, you will lose marks in the exam. (合成同义句
You will lose marks in the exam ________ you ________ your handwriting.
21. To go fishing is fun. (句意不变 )
_____ is fun _____ ______ fishing.
22. Dick was so short that he couldn’t touch the top of the bookshelf.(保持句意基本不变)
Dick wasn’t __________ __________ to reach the top of the bookshelf.
23. “Can I borrow your bike for a while or not?”( 保持句意基本不变)
Tom asked his sister __________ he __________ borrow her bike or not for a while.
24. The couple couldn’t decide which flat they should choose at first. (保持原句意
思)
The couple couldn’t decide which flat at first.
25. Meaningless information is difficult for the little boy to remember. (保持原句意思)
is difficult for the little boy remember meaningless information.
26. People throw away millions of plastic bags in our city every day. (改成被动语态)
Millions of plastic bags away in our city.
27. She was so careless that she couldn’t find the mistakes in her test paper. (保持句意基本不变
She was _______ _______ to find the mistakes in her test paper.
28. We will hold the next Olympic Games in Beijing in 2008.(改为被动语态)
The next Olympic Games will _______ _______ in Beijing in 2008.
29. The elderly man pushed the birds into the river.(改为被动语态)
The birds ________ ________ into the river by the elderly man.
30. Dolphins are so clever that they can follow the instructions.(保持句意基本不变) Dolphins are ________ ________ to follow the instructions.
31. We can’t finish the work in such a short time. (保持原句意思
It’s _________ _________ us to finish the work in such a short time.
32. They invited the astronaut and his wife to the party on Christmas Eve.(改为被动语态
The astronaut and his wife _________ _________ to the party on Christmas Eve.
33. The little girl didn’t go to bed unless the grandmother told her a story. (保持句意基本不变
The little girl didn’t go to bed _________ the grandmother _________ tell her a story.
34. The plane is so big that it can carry 300 passengers at one time. (改为简单句)
The plane is big _________ _________ carry 300 passengers at one time.
35. Did they know the answer to the question? Ididn’t know… (合并为一句 I didn’t know ________ they had ________ the answer to the question.
Keys
练习一
1. don’t do 2. How often 3.could she 4.didn’t tell 5.can’t she
6.where did 7.doesn’t any 8.How long 9.didn’t he 10.What is
②成熟是一种素质,一种源于心灵表于行动的素质;成熟是一种能力,一种自我约束自我管理的能力;成熟是一种态度,一种对任何事物都保持冷静的态度;成熟是一种心境,一种能看淡一切,万事淡如水的心境。
③包装是房子富丽堂皇的外壳,包装是丑妇手上绚丽的太阳伞,包装是模特在舞台上走出的一字猫步。
④责任感是诸葛孔明"鞠躬尽瘁,而后已"写就的《出师表》,责任感是孔繁森离家别母洒高原树立的公仆丰碑,责任感是贝多芬挑战人生超越自我谱写的《命运交响曲》。
⑤ 与人初遇时,幽默是最好的名片;与人有摩擦时,幽默是最灵的润滑剂;与人作别时,幽默是最超然的祝福。幽默使美的增光添彩,使丑的原形毕露。愿生活中的幽默多一点,因为它是一种素质,一种境界。我们需要幽默。
⑥内涵如纯净的水,虽至淡却有味;内涵如静静的莲,盛开却不招摇;内涵如高高的菩提,给 人以智慧的启迪。内涵如盛夏骄阳下的大树,为人铺排一地清凉;内涵如人生历程中的风景,无它相伴则旅程少趣……
⑦倾听春天的莺歌燕语,我们感受到生命的活力,意境的优美;倾听大海的潮起潮落,我们 感 受到激越的乐章和壮美的`境界;倾听长者的教诲,我们如坐春风;倾听朋友的诉说,我们感觉到友谊的可贵……
⑧赞美如顺风,吹起将要启航的白帆;赞美如明灯,照亮黑暗中摸索的路;赞美如暖阳,驱散人心头的寒冷;赞美如春雨,滋润出希望的嫩芽;赞美如彩虹,其美丽让人终生难忘…
⑨A是一座金字塔,是进取;B是两个连接在一起的心,是友谊;C是未满的月牙,是缺憾。X是人生的交叉路口,是选择;F是一根拐杖,是帮扶;H是互相牵着的手,是真情;W是崎岖的山路,是坎坷。0是一面镜子,让你认识自己;O是一只漂流圈,让弱者随波逐流一面敲响的战鼓,催强者奋勇前进;一块空地,让勤劳者自由地耕种五谷。
⑩ 理解是生活的太阳,她将给人们带来无尽的温暖。理解是生活的发动机,她将给人们带来无穷的力量;理解是生活的美酒,她将给人们带来醉人的芳香。
⑾①电视机--自以为拥有一切,但无论想炫耀什么,都得完全听从人的摆布。
②空调--只能在一个小的空间改变温度,却总以为自己能改变大气候。
③洗衣机--自以为能洗掉一切脏物,却只能洗去衣物的污垢。
④电冰箱--自以为能保鲜食品,但也只能有一定的期限。
⑤电冰箱――想制造冰天雪地,却不知外面世界仍然是盛夏烈日。
⑥电灯--如尼采一样自喻为太阳,却不能给人以温暖。
⑦电灯--自以为能照耀全世界,却只能照亮一个狭小的空间。
⑧收音机――内容丰富多彩,尽是他人辉煌。
⑿激情是灿烂的花朵,芳香四溢,沁人心脾。但若不精心培育,花儿就会枯萎。激情是跳荡的火焰,炽热鲜艳,令人陶醉。但若不添柴加煤,火焰就会熄灭。激情是茂盛的森林,郁郁葱葱,生机盎然。但若不保护管理,森林就会消失。
⒀ 生活中,我们需要崇高。有了它,我们就会摆脱平庸和空虚,甚至麻木。而且,一旦你有了这种认识,你就会发现崇高就在你的身边:它可能是一座山,让你感受巍峨;它可能是一只鸿雁,让你体味坚韧;它可能是一首交响乐,让你领悟激越;它可能是一幅书法,让你体验苍劲;它甚至可能就是一个人,让你理解伟大和纯粹。
⒁热爱是什么?热爱是风,热爱是雨。因为热爱,我们甘于淡泊宁静的日子;也因为热爱,我们敢于金戈铁马去,马革裹尸还。兴趣是什么?兴趣是帆,兴趣是浆。因为兴趣,我们甘于风餐露宿的生活;也因为兴趣,我们敢于九天揽月去,五洋捉鳖回。
⒂承诺不是湖面上的小船,自由,飘荡。承诺如同高山,它是生生不息的地球内心剧烈运动的结果,也是地球的骄傲。承诺不是田野上的小草,晃荡,摇摆。承诺如同鲜花,它是浑圆的籽分裂的代价,也是籽的骄傲。
⒃在人生旅程中,乐观者永远向前看,向前走,大步流星;悲观者永远向后看,原地停留甚至向后走,惊慌失措。正如:“乐观的人在被玫瑰刺伤后仍会说多美的花,悲观的人在看到刺时就会说多糟啊。
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非谓语动词系列训练(二)
一:在句子意思不变的情况下用分词或不定式改写下列句子:
1.When he saw from the top of the mountain, he viewed a beautiful city.
-----___________from the top of the mountain, he viewed a beautiful city.(用分词
2.When it was seen from the of the mountain, the city looks like a garden. (用分词 ------_____________from the of the mountain, the city looks like a garden. city. (用分词
3.When he was asked why he went there, he said he was sent there to be trained for a space flight.
-------When ________ why he went there, he said he was sent there to be trained for a space flight. (用分词
4. Do you know the boy who knows Japanese?
----- Do you know the boy ___________ Japanese? (用分词
5. Do you know the boy who is called Tom.
---- Do you know the boy ________Tom.- (用分词
6. This is the man who organized the activity.
This is the man________________ the activity. (用分词
7. He followed his students and came in.
------ He came in, ____________ his students(用分词
8. He came in and was followed by his students
----- He came in ,____________by his students(用分词
9.The woman who was dressed in a blue skirt delivered a speech to us.
---- The woman _____________ in a blue skirt delivered a speech to us. (用分词
10. Because he is a physicist, he could well explained how to do the research.
---- _______ a physicist, he could well explained how to do the research. (用分词
11. He was born on the 18th of January, 1979 in Taiwan, and he was raised by his mother and was shy and quiet during his childhood.
----- ____________on the 18th of January, 1979 in Taiwan, and he was raised by his mother and was shy and quiet during his childhood. (用分词
12. The flowers his friend gave him will die unless it is watered every day.
---The flowers his friend gave him will die unless ____________ every day. (用分词
13.When we were walking dogs, we came across a famous professor.
------ When ____________ dogs, we came across a famous professor. (用分词
14. He donated over 10 billion dollars in order that he could sponsor education, culture, sports, and public welfare in the earth-stricken area.
----- He donated over 10 billion dollars _____________education, culture, sports, and public welfare in the earth-stricken area.(用不定式
15 After he had finished his homework, he played the piano.
----- ____________ his homework, he played the piano.
16. After the bridge had been completed, it went through a hard time because of the bad weather.
----______________________, it went through a hard time because of the bad weather.
17 It is said that Bell invented the telephone.
18. Bell is said __________ the telephone. (用不定式
19. I don’t decide what I should do.
I don’t decide what__________(用不定式
20. It happened that he had been invited
---- He happened _____________
21.He was so young that he could not go to school. He was too young __________ to school.
22. When the test was finished, we began our holiday.
----- The test __________, we began our holiday.(用独立主格结构
23. As time goes by ,he becoms aware of it.
With time ________ by, he becomes aware of the significant of it.
24. The moon, which travels round the earth once every month, is a natural satellite of the earth.
---- The moon, ___________ round the earth once every month, is a natural satellite of the earth.
25. Though he had been told several times, he didn’t understand me.
-----_______ several times, he didn’t understand me.
26. After the problem was solved,he took a rest.
----With the problem ____________, he took a rest.
27. If time permits, we will
28.He lay there, his hand clenched, his eyes looking straight up.
---He lay there, his hand_______, his eyes looking straight up
29.I once read a book called Man, Woman and Child, which enabled me to understand the love in a family.
------I once read a book called Man, Woman and Child, ______________ me to understand the love in a family. (用分词
30.There are many places of interest, among which is the Yunji mountain,whose scenery is very beautiful, which attracts lots of tourists from different places every year.
------There are many places of interest, among which is the Yunji mountain,whose scenery is very beautiful, ____________ lots of tourists from different places every year. (用分词
二:非谓语动词完成句子练习
there was no doctor available. (only
, playing cards at home or taking a walk in the park? (spend
. (think
包括三名儿童). (child
5. 根据他的话判断), he did well in his exam. (judge
the Tang Dynasty. (date
7. This is an article (由五部分组成)five parts. (consist
five parts.(make
as soon as possible. (solve
bored a lot of fans to death. (concern
, l cannot object to your marriage. (concern
子)at school? (keep)
(躲在木箱里)behind the door. (hide
,we had to walk home last night. (be.
in the broad daylight yesterday. (rob
(满是脚印). (mark
(石油价格上涨), the economy of that country is slowing down. (go
18. When the national flag is being hoisted, all the students stand at attention, . (fix
him, I decided to write again. (hear
20. He doesn’t seem to mind by others. (make
next week is of great importance. (hold
is very important. (hold
is of great importance. (hold
the Third World. (belong
(致力于研究), the professor paid little attention to his surroundings. (devote
in the morning. (come
(为了确保那孩子尽快康复),five doctors took turns looking after him day and night. (ensure
,the old man struggled to his feet. (help
, the parents were taken to the dining room. (show)
(.support)
. (drop)
, I am not familiar with this kill. (tell
(为了不被注意)by others . (notice
三:合并下列句子
1. The annual school sports meeting was held yesterday. It presented a marvelous opening ceremony.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2. After the opening ceremony, we sat in the base of our class. We waited patiently for the beginning of the race.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
3. Some of my classmates work very hard, and they hope to fulfill their dream. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
4..My friend Christine took part in the 800-meter race. She had received training many times, so she kept calm before the race. After 400 meters, though she looked tired, she still tried her best to run. We screamed and beat the drum when we saw she passed by. She won the medal, and we were proud of it. (把短文中的从句或并列句改成非谓语动词
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
四:语篇填空 用所给动词的适当形式填空。(一)
Freud was one of the first scientists [1]_________(make)serious research of the mind. The mind is the collection of activities [2]_________(base) in the brain that involve how we act, think, feel and reason. He used long talks with patients and the study of dreams [3]___________(search) for the causes of mental and emotional problems. He also tried hypnosis(催眠. He wanted to see if [4]________(put)patients into a sleep-like condition would help ease
[5]________(trouble) minds. In most cases he found the effects only temporary. Freud worked hard, although what he did might sound easy. His method involved [6]________ (sit with his patients and [7]________(listen)to them talk. He had them [8]________(talk)about whatever they were thinking. All ideas, thoughts and anything that entered their mind had to
[9]___________(express). There could be no[10]________(hold)back because of fear or guilt. 基础写作 :最近,你就读的学校——广东实验中学高中部将举办开放日。 你将作为学校的
学生代表向前来参观的英语老师介绍高中校区的基本情况,请准备好你的解说词,文章的开头和结尾已为你写好。(学会用非谓语动词表达)
?位置交通:位于广州市西部,荔湾区;出行便利,步行到地铁站约10分钟。 ?学校历史:逾120年的悠久历史;现高中校区于2004年 竣工并投入使用。 ?校园环境:占地面积约125,000平方米;植物繁茂,绿树成荫,环境优美。 ?校园设施:课室宽敞明亮,配备齐全;拥有标准运动 设施,
其中综合体育馆可用于举办比赛、会议和典礼。
?师生情况:目前学生约3000人,教师约200人;全体师生正在
为学校更美好的明天共同奋斗。
?【写作要求】
?只能用5个句子表达全部内容。?【评分标准】 ?句子结构准确,信息内容完整,篇章结构连贯。
Good morning, teachers! Welcome to Guangdong Experimental High School!.....
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
非谓语动词练习答案
1.Seeing 2.Seen (原句有误,请改成When it was seen from the top of the mountain,the city is beautiful (用分词 3. asked 4. knowing 5. called 6. organizing 7. following 8. followed 9. dressed 10. Being 11. Born 12. watered 13. walking 14. to sponsor 15. Having finished 16. Having been completed 17 18.. to have invented
19.to do 20. to have been invited 21. to go 22 finished 23. going 24. travelling 25. Having been toldTold 26. solved 27.permitting 28. clenched 29.enabling 30. attracting
二:非谓语动词完成句子练习
Keys:
1. only to be told (that 2. to spend your spare/free time
3. thinking about 4. including three children/ three children included
5. Judging from / by his words/what he said
6. dating back to/from (which dates back to/from
7. consisting of / which consists of
8. made up of/which is made up of 9. to solve the problem
10. concerning the football match 11. As/So far as I am concerned
12. (in keeping five children 13. hidden in a wooden box
14. There being no bus 15. to have been robbed
16. Seen from the top of 17. Seeing from the top of
18. To see 19. marked with footprints
20. the price of oil going up 21. fixed on/upon the national flag
22. with (both his hands tied 23. Not having heard from
24. (his being made fun of 25. to be held
一、反问句与陈述句
1、我们怎能忘记老师的淳淳教导?2、那浪花所奏的不正是一首欢乐的歌吗?
__________________________________________________________________
3、这里的景色这么美,怎能不使我们流连往返呢?__________________________________________
4、这点小事,难道还要妈妈担心吗?5、大千世界,哪里没有野花的倩影呢?
___________________________________________________________________
6、我们怎能忘记老师的淳淳教导?
7、那浪花所奏的不正是一首欢乐的歌吗?
8、这里的景色这么美,怎能不使我们流连往返呢?
9、这点小事,难道还要妈妈担心吗?
10、大千世界,哪里没有野花的倩影呢?
(二)陈述句变反问句
1、我们不能因为学习任务重而不参加体育活动。2、这幅画是我们班彩颖画的。___________________________________________________________
3、父母含辛茹苦地把我们养大,我们不应该伤他们的心。
_____________________________________________________
4、对少数同学不守纪律的现象,我们不能不闻不问。__________________________________________________
二、对话与转述的互换
1、外公对小英说:“我告诉你,这是中国最有名的花。”
__________________________________________________
2、张强笑着对妈妈说:“李明今天生病了,我去帮他辅导功课。”
________________________________________
3、李老师兴奋地说:“我们班战胜了四(1)班,获得了冠军。”
___________________________________________________
4、王老师对小华说:“我把你的书包缝好了。”_____________________________________________________
三、缩句
1、山民的几句朴素的话包蕴着意味深长的哲理。______________________________
2、红四团取得了长征中的又一次决定性的胜利。______________________________
3、汽轮发电机厂的工人师傅把一台台进口钻机熟练地安装好了。________________
4、语文老师给大家讲了一个关于小红帽打败大灰狼的故事。____________________
四、修改病句
病句类型:语序不当、搭配不当、成分残缺、成分赘余、结构混乱、表意不明、不合逻辑。
(一)成分残缺
1、春天来了,越来越来暖和了。________________________________________________
2、洒在沙滩上,沙滩上一片银白。______________________________________________
3、学了《爱迪生》这一课受到了教育。___________________________________________
4、雷锋全心全意为人民服务的事迹。____________________________________________
(二)成分赘余
1、联欢会上,他首先第一个走上台表演节目。____________________________________
2、奶奶的菜园里种了茄子、西红柿、黄瓜和蔬菜。__________________________________
3、我经常阅读、看科幻小说。__________________________________________________
4、松鼠喜欢把窝搭在高大的大树上。____________________________________________
(三表意不明
1、李红有时候经常和张明在一起打球。2、妹妹找不到爸爸妈妈心里很着急。________________________________________________________
3、有人主张接受,有人主张反对,他同意这种主张。
_________________________________________________________
5、全班同学都参加了这次公益活动,只有张刚没有参加。
_______________________________________________________
(四)搭配不当
1、今天联欢会上的音乐和舞蹈真好看。__________________________________________
2、我很喜欢参加自然博物馆。__________________________________________________
3、战士们冒着倾盆大雨和泥泞的小路前进。_____________________________________
4、战斗正在热烈地进行着。____________________________________________________
(五)语序不当
1、我们学校师生全体去参观科技馆。2、王丽在演唱会上唱了优美的一支歌。
____________________________________________________
3、美术和音乐这两门功课对我很感兴趣。
________________________________________________
4、李华被同学们一定评为三好学生。
_________________________________________________________
5、学校把“学雷锋积极分子”的名单已经公布出来了。
_____________________________________________________
五、运用修改符号修改下列病句。
1.中国的人口是世界上最多的国家。
2、多读课外书,可以使我们增长知识和写作水平。
3、今天的家庭作业是读二遍课文和四道数学题。
4、星期天,我们来到刚建成的、崭新的儿童公园。
5、这家电冰箱厂生产的冰箱质量一年比一年进步。
6、一面面鲜艳的红旗,在和暖的春风中迎风飘扬。
7、全国各地给灾区人去了大批的药品、食品、面包和衣服。
8、他很果断,从来不听别人的意见。
9、刘小刚第一次出席市里举行的竞赛,他心里既高兴又紧张。
10、因为别人的意见不一定全对,我们所以要虚心听取。
六、把下列句子分别改为“把”字句和“被”字句。
(1这个故事里的主人公迷住了我。
“把”字句“被”字句
(2大风卷起的尘土遮住了我的视线。
“把”字句“被”字句
(3经过一千多次的试验,爱迪生终于找到了适合做灯丝的材料。
“把”字句“被”字句
七、照样子写句子。1、太阳会发光,会发热,好像一个大火球。
2、食堂开饭时,全校同学像热锅上的蚂蚁一样挤成一团。
3、.运动员像离弦的箭一般向终点跑去。
4、火红的枫叶像火花一样纷纷地飘落下来。
5、一个个红石榴就像一个个小姑娘可爱的笑脸,躲在树枝间。
6、荷塘里的荷花都羞涩地打着朵。
7、油蛉在这里低唱,蟋蟋们在这里弹琴。
8、秋天到了,树上金红的`果子露出了笑脸,她在向着我们点头微笑。
八、选择关联词语填空:
?...既??又????一??就??
不但??而且????宁可??也不......虽然??但是??如果??就??只要??就??因为??所以??
1、我()做好功课,()到球场踢球。
2、道德()只是个简单的是与非的问题,()实践起却却很难。
3、地球上()有氧气,()还有氮气。
4、()多读多写,语文水平()可提高。
5、我()给老师责罚,()说谎,隐瞒真相。
6、()明天天气好,我们()举行升旗仪式。
7、()这本书写得太精彩了,()大家都喜欢看。
8、李老师()会拉小提琴,()会吹笛子。,
1.小学语文句子改写
2.小学语文改写句子练习
3.小学语文六年级句子改写练习题及答案
4.关于改写句子的练习题
5.小升初语文改写句子练习题
6.照样子改写句子练习题
7.语文改写句子专项练习题
8.小升初语文句子改写练习题
9.改写句子题目及答案
10.按要求改写句子
第三次课: 分词在句子中的用法
教学目标: 使学生初步了解及在句子使用分词
教学内容:
一、 动名词及不定式作业讲解
二、分词
现在分词和过去分词两种。
作为谓语,现在分词和be 一起构成进行时;过去分词和be一起构成被动语态,和have一起构成完成时。
例如:
I am reading a novel by Maupassant. 我正在看一本莫泊桑写的小说。(现在分词和be 一起表示主语正在进行的动作。)
Mr. Robinson has drunk five glasses of wine already. 鲁宾逊先生已经喝了五杯酒了。(过去分词和have 一起表示主语已经完成的动作。)
The gold fish bowl was broken by Xiao Tao just now. 金鱼缸刚才被小陶打破了。(过去分词和be 一起表示主语是动作的承受者。)
作为非谓语形式,分词可用作形容词和副词,在句子中充当定语、表语、补语和状语。但它仍保持动词的一般特征,可以有自己的宾语和状语。分词和自己的宾语、状语构成分词短语。 现在分词有一般式和完成式。它的一般式表示和谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生的行为或存在的状态;它的完成式(having + 过去分词)表示在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生的动作或存在的状态。
现在分词有主动语态和被动语态(being + 过去分词。
过去分词只有一般式,表示在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生的动作。过去分词(及物动词)本身可以表示被动的含义,因而没有别的被动形式。
例如:
Having failed three times, he didn’t want to try again. (=As he had failed three times, he didn’t want to try again. 他失败了三次,不想再干了。(having failed 表示发生在前的动作)
Walking along the sands, Crusoe saw in the sand the mark of a man’s foot. (=While he was walking along the sands, Crusoe? 克鲁索沿着沙滩走的时候,看见沙上有人的脚印。(walking 表示同时发生的动作)
The question being discussed seems important. (=The question is being discussed. It seems important. 正在讨论的问题似乎很重要。
The old days are gone. 旧时代一去不复返了。(gone 表示完成的状态)
I had my hair cut yesterday. 我昨天理发了。(cut 是及物动词的过去分词,表示“被人理发”。) 分词的否定形式是在分词短语前面加上not, never等否定词构成。
例如:
Not fearing the fire, the child touched and got a finger burnt. 小孩儿不知道怕火,用手去摸,把手指烫了。
Not knowing how to find the subway, I asked a policeman for help. 我不知道怎样找到地铁,就去找警察帮忙。
(一)现在分词和过去分词的区别
(1)在语态上现在分词表示主动的意思,表示它所修饰的人或物的行为;及物动词的过去分词表示被动的意思,表示它所修饰的人或物是动作的承受者。换言之,现在分词是它修饰
的成分所作出的动作,过去分词是它修饰的成分所承受的动作。
例如:
convincing facts 有说服力的事实 / convinced audience 被说服了的听众
the exploiting class 剥削阶级 / the exploited class被剥削阶级
a frightening dog一条让人害怕的狗 / a frightened dog一条被吓坏了的狗
driving gears主动齿轮 / driven gears从动齿轮
(2)在时间上,现在分词往往表示动作正在进行,过去分词表示动作已完成。
例如:
the rising sun (正在升起的太阳 / the risen sun(升起的太阳)
the falling rain(正在下的雨)/ the fallen leaves(落下的树叶)
stolen money(被盗的钱/偷来的钱)/ill-gotten wealth(不义之财)
a high-flying kite(高飞的风筝)
再看一些例子:
boiling water 沸腾的水/boiled water 开水/developing countries 发展中国家/developed countries 发达国家/an exciting story 令人激动的故事/ excited people 激动的人们
(2)在时间上,现在分词往往表示动作正在进行,过去分词表示动作已完成。
再看一些例子:
surprising news令人惊讶的消息/a surprised man受惊吓的人/an inspiring leader具有号召力的领袖/the inspired soldiers受到鼓舞的士兵/a delighted speech令人高兴的演说/the delighted audience(感到高兴的听众/a moving film动人的电影/the moved children受到感到的孩子们/a box containing tea装茶叶的盒子/the tea contained in a box装在盒里的茶叶/ falling snow正在下的雪/fallen snow box落在地上的雪
(3)做表语时的不同。现在分词做表语表示主语所具有的特征,意思是“令人如何”。过去分词多表示主语所处的状态,意思是“感到如何”。
例如:
His lecture is disappointing。I’m disappointed。他的演讲令人失望。我感到失望。
We are surprised to hear the news。The news is surprising。我们听到那消息吃了一惊。那消息令人吃惊。
The situation is encouraging。 We’re encouraged。形式使人鼓舞。我们感到鼓舞。
常用的还有:amusing/amused,astonishing/astonished,disappointing/disappointed,exciting/excited,frightening/frightened,interesting interested,moving/moved, relaxing/relaxed,satisfying/satisfied,shocking/shocked,surprising/surprised,terrifying/terrified,tiring/tired,worrying/worried等等。
(4)做状语的区别,分词短语在句中可做时间、原因、方式、伴随状语。现在分词的动作和谓语动作同时或几乎同时发生、意思是主动的。而过去分词的动作在谓语动作之前发生、意思是被动的。
例如:
Seeing nobody at home,she decided to leave them a note。看到没人在家,她决定给他们留个条。(主动意义,几乎同时
The secretary worked late into the night,preparing a speech for the president。秘书工作到晚上很晚,给总统准备一篇演说。(主动意义,同时
Tired of the noise,he closed the window。对噪音感到厌烦,所以他把窗户关上。(被动意义,
在谓语之前
Deeply moved,she thanked me again and again。她深深地受了感动,再三谢我。(被动意义,在谓语之前
Persuade by my mother,she gladly went there alone。在我母亲劝说下,她才高兴地独自去那里。(被动意义,在谓语之前
如果现在分词的动作在谓语动作之前发生,现在分词要用完成形式,但意思仍然是主动的。 例如:
Having watered the vegetables,they began to pick up the Apples。=After they had watered the vegetables,they began to pick up the apples。他们浇完了蔬菜之后就开始摘苹果。 Having finished the work,he packed his tools and left。完工后,他收拾起工具走了。 分词做状语时,前面可用连词或介词。
例如:
After eating my dinner quickly,I went to see Jim off。我赶快吃过晚饭就去给吉姆送行。 Though built before the Second World War,the engine is still in good condition。尽管是在二战以前建的,这引擎仍然处于良好状态。
Unless paying by credit card,please pay in cash。如果不用信用卡付款,请用现金付。 Tom will never do this unless compelled。汤姆永远也不会干这种事,除非被逼无奈。 She’s been quite different since coming back from America。从美国回来后,她大变了。
(二)用法
1.作定语。作定语的分词通常放在被修饰的名词之前。如果被修饰的词是something,anything,everything,nothing等,则分词放在这些词之后。分词短语通常放在被修饰的名词之后。
例如:
This is an interesting book。(=This is a book。It is interesting。这是一本有趣的书。
There is something interesting in the news。(=There is something in the news。 It is interesting。消息中有些有趣的事。
The man sitting by the window is our math teacher。(=The man who is sitting by the window is our math teacher。靠窗户坐着的那个人是我们的数学老师
The machine run by the old worker is made in Shanghai。(=The machine that is run by the old worker is made in Shanghai。那位老工人开的机器是上海造的。
Most of students singing were girls。(=Most of the students who were singing?唱歌的学生多数是女生。
Many of the villagers questioned refused to answer。(=Many of the villagers who were questioned?被问的许多村里人都拒绝。
注意:(1)分词作定语与动名词作定语的区别:
分词和它所修饰的名词有逻辑上的主、谓关系。动名词则没有这种关系,而表示它所修饰的词的用途或有关动作。
现在分词 动名词
A sleeping child(a child who is sleeping正在睡觉的孩子 A sleeping car(a car for sleeping卧车
A flying bird(a bird that is flying飞鸟 A flying course(a course for flying飞行课程
A swimming girl(a girl who is swimming游泳的女孩 A swimming pool(a pool for swimming游泳池
The running water(the water that is running流水 The running track(the track for running跑道 现在分词和它所修饰的名词都要重读,动名词所修饰的名词则不必重读。
(2)现在分词作定语时,它表示动作正在进行或与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生(或差不多同时发生。
例如:
Who is the boy dancing over there?在那儿跳舞的少年是谁呀?
The girls swimming in the sea were in danger。 在海里游泳的姑娘们有危险。
如果两个动作在时间上有先后,一般不能用现在分词作定语,而往往用主从复合句结构。 例如:
The man who has gone to Shanghai will be back again。到上海去的那个人会回来的。
The teacher wants to talk to the students who smashed the windows。老师要找打破了窗子的那个学生谈话。
(3)be的现在分词being不能用作定语(可用作状语或被动语态中的助动词。表示这种概念时,也用主从复合句结构。
例如:
He has a brother who is a worker。他有一个当工人的兄弟。
2、作状语。分词和分词短语作状语时,可以表示时间、原因、行为方式等意义。表示时间和原因的分词短语相当于对应的状语从句。
例如:
Seeing the teacher entering the room,the students stood up。(=When the students saw the teacher entering the room,They stood up。学生们看见老师走进房间,都站了起来。 (时间
Heated,the Metal expands。 (=The metal expands if /when it is heated。金属受热而膨胀。(条件、时间
Being excited,I couldn’t go to sleep。(=As I was excited ,I couldn’t go to sleep。我兴奋得睡不着觉。(原因
Being a student,he was interested in sports。(=As he was a student,he was interested in sports。 他是个学生,所以对体育运动感兴趣。(原因
Inspired by Dr.Yang’s speech,Li Hua and his classmates decided to study physics harder。(=As they were inspired by Dr.Yang’s speech,Li Hua and his classmates decided to study physics harder。李华和他的同学们受到杨博士讲话的鼓舞,决定更加努力学习物理。 (原因 The children went away laughing。=The children went away。They laughed as they went。孩子们笑着走开了。(行为方式
The professor stood there,surrounded by many students。(=The professor stood there。He was surrounded by many students。教授站在那里,许多学生围着他。(行为方式
While reading the newspaper,father nodded from time to time。(=While he was reading the newspaper,father nodded from time to time。看报时,父亲不时地点头。(时间(分词前,可加表示时间的连词while或when。
3、作宾语补足语。
例如:
Can you get the machine going again?你能使机器再动起来吗?
You should have your hair cut。你该理发了。
I saw him coming last night。我昨天晚上看见他来了。
4、作表语。
例如:
The film is very moving。这部影片很感人。
Your homework is well done。你的作业做得好。
The visitors looked surprised.参观者看上去很惊讶。
The boys were seen walking on the grass。有人看见孩子们在草地上散步。
5、作句子独立成分(分词有自己的逻辑主语时,称为独立主格结构。)
例如:
Flags flying,the army men marched in the streets。旗帜飘扬,军队在街上行进。
All his ribs broken,he lay half dead。他的肋骨全部折断,半不活地躺着。
分词(短语作状语时,其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致。如果不一致,必须用独立主格结构来表示,也就是在分词前面加上它的逻辑主语。
My wife had a long talk with Sally, explaining why she didn’t want the children to play together我妻子与莎莉谈了很长时间,解释她为什么不想让孩子们在一起玩。(现在分词explaining是句子主语my wife做的动作,它们之间是主动关系
Given more attention,the trees could have grown better。如果对这些树多关心一些,它们本来会长得更好。(过去分词given表示的动作是句子主语the trees承受的动作,它们之间是被动关系
We explored the caves,Peter acting as guide。我们到那山洞探险,彼得做向导。 (独立主格 The train having gone,we had to wait another day。分词短语做状语时,前面可以加上连词或介词,但是分词短语和句子之间不能用并列连词(如but,and,因为并列连词接的是两个并列成分,而分词短语只是全句的一个状语部分。分词和主句之间可用逗号。
例如:
误:Having been told many times,but he still couldn’t understand it。
正:He was told many times, but he still couldn’t understand it。
注意:(1)分词作状语时,逻辑主语即句子的主语;否则要用从句或独立主格结构来表示。 例如:
Looking out of the window,I saw lots of people there。(=When I looked out of the window,I saw lots of people there。
我往窗外一看,看见那儿有许多人。 (looking out of the window的逻辑主语,就是句子的主语I。
(2)在see,hear,watch,notice等动词后,用动词不定式作宾语补语,通常表示(强调动作从开始到结束的全过程。如果用现在分词作宾语补语,则通常表示动作正在进行。 例如:
We sat two hours and watched the teacher make the experiment。我们坐了两个小时,看老师做实验。(两小时一直在看老师做实验
We passed by the classroom and saw the teacher making the experiment。我们走过教室,看见老师在做实验。(只是在走过教宰的一刹那间,看见老师正存做实验
I saw him enter the room, unlock a drawer, take out a document, photograph it and put it back。我看见他走进房间,打开抽屉,拿出一份文件,拍了照又放回去(表示一个接一个的一系列动作的全过程时,用动词不定式。
一. .................................................................................................................................................. 1
二. .................................................................................................................................................. 1
三. .................................................................................................................................................. 2
四. .................................................................................................................................................. 3
五. .................................................................................................................................................. 8
一简述
1. 当过去分词在句末时,不管有无逗号,都是就近修饰名词;
2.现在分词在句末时,无逗号是就近修饰的名词的定语;
3.当现在分词在句尾且前有逗号时,修饰邻近句子的'主语,做主语的伴随状语或做句子的伴随结果.因此不能用句尾现在分词修饰前面句尾的名词. 所以OG127说C选项:"the phrasehaving been assigned...is uncertain in reference,making the sentence unclear."-->就是说这个现在分词本来是应该修饰前面的employee的,却变成了修饰主语governments了. (另外在GMAT里,having been done的用法错误,应直接用done
避免上述错误的方法:所修饰的名词在句尾用定语从句修饰--OG127正确选项B (而不用加逗号的现在分词修饰.其实分词是定语从句的省略形式,在句中无逗号分词(注意是无逗号的,有逗号的在句中有歧义就比定语从句简洁还有 OG120也是同样道理:修饰句尾名词,正确选项A用定语从句.E选项的句尾现在分词错误.
4.当现在/过去分词在句中且前没有逗号,修饰前面紧邻名词;
5.当现在/过去分词在句中且前后都有逗号,有歧义:1修饰前面紧邻的名词,2向后修饰后面句子的主语.
这种结构在GMAT肯定错,如果修饰某句主语,则避免将该分词置于以名词结尾的句后.避免方式:1用定语从句/介词短语明确修饰对象.2可将分词提到句首,所修饰主语及所在句子紧跟其后-->形成句首分词修饰句子主语.见OG179
6.在前面有多个名词如名词1+介词+名词2结构,而要用分词修饰名词1时,为避免歧义要重复名词1即用同位语结构:名词1+介词+名词2,名词1+分词.见OG208
二.
1、doing/done,SVO 注意分词的逻辑主语与S一致
2、介词/连词+doing/done,SVO 也要注意分词逻辑主语与S一致
3、S,doing/done,V 分词作定语修饰主语(前后一对逗号隔开,相当于定语从句)
注意:如果出现: “名词,doing,名词”,则会有分词前后的修饰歧义,如179DE,245E
4、SVO doing 分词作定语修饰主语,如 96AC,121C,146E,222A,234B,237E
5、SVO,doing
A、分词优先作状语
1)修饰主语(与分词在句首一样,注意逻辑主语),如 33B,39C,44B,120E,163D,256B
2)修饰主句动作,如 78BD,119B,154A,259A
B、其次作定语,但没有定语从句清晰,会有修饰歧义,如 253DE,(“,including”除外 249)
6、SVO done 分词作定语修饰O(同4)
7、SVO,done
A、分词作状语修饰S,如 大全558
B、分词作定语修饰O,如 127A(分词相当于形容词 253A)
some people base on sth是绝对错误的。但是有sb. base sth. on sth.的用法. 三.
1.SVO+doing,无逗号的情况下doing是针对宾语的动作,96AC(OG says : assuring针对主语有问题,121C,146E,222A(OG says: enabling很好的修饰了宾语,234B,237E -------以上证明了ets的偏好,svo+doing修饰主语是模糊的,修饰宾语是清晰的
2.SVO, doing有逗号,33B,39C(Og says:protecting很好的
解释了主语的行为,44B,120E(Og says:错误选项有可能混淆的指代主语而不是逻辑上正确的宾语,163D(Og says:sleeping正确的修饰了主语,256B --------以上证明了在Og中svo,doing的doing多指代主语
3.svo,doing有逗号,78BD(doing指代了前面整个句子的行为,119B(同前,154A(*,259A(同前------------以上证明了Og中svo,doing的doing多指代前面的整个句子
四.例子
产生participle phrases原点是为了to reduce wordiness by replacing longer adverbial or relative clauses,另外要强调的重要讯息不会写成participle phrases,因为分词修饰语属于次等地位(The
modifier is subordinate to the main clause。也就是说A….and B…(A与B一样重要,如果A…V..,B...Ving (就重要性而言A>B
简单一句:分词构句是主要句子的意义延伸。
目前我看到有几种句意:
1. 因果(★★★★★
2. 补述:解释某事(★★★、描述状态并列或伴随(★★、纯举例
participle
phrases如此具困扰性是因为可以改写的来源多
1.由adj. clauses (如who, which开头可改写成分词词组。考题中可分形容词子句限制性、非限制性改分词的考法。
2. 副词子句(有连接词开头的也可改分词词组,所以有因果关系或时间关系,单纯就时间关系看,可以有先后或同时,会有动作是伴随或是并列关系。
3.当三个以上的动词用and相连时,后面的部分也改写成分词(V, Ving... and Ving...。
我看过的说法中,觉得Manhatan GMAT备考网站,里面指导员所讲的分词概念不错,但是他的目的在卖书,所以讲的真的不多。
1.当分词构句放句首,修饰后面句子的主词。前几天看到有人发帖的整理,讲到分词在句首,表示此动作先于主要句子的动作,讲的真好。
2.当分词构句不放在句首时:
if
there's NO COMMA before a participle, then the participle creates an adjective phrase that modifies the noun immediately
preceding.
if
there's a COMMA before a participle, then the participle creates an adverb phrase that modifies the action of the preceding
clause.
PS:逗号的产生可能是插入语,遇到插入语可以跳过不看,不代表分词修饰这个插入语。
判断上抓前句的动词与主词,如果用中文想就是「此主体这个动作的行为导致或表示.....」(to modify the action of。而且不可以只有思考主词或动词。 如果遇到前句有数个动词,以找最近的动词为主,譬如V1 to V2,分词构句修饰V2
3.
participle (V-ing after the comma can not modify the subject of the preceding clause's
noun.
這個考「什么情况下不可以改成分词构句?」除了需要有对等连接词的句子,不可改分词构句,因为句意重要性会被改变外,
打逗号的Ving分词,无法修饰逗号之前的名词,所以非限制的形容词子句最好不要改分词Ving构句(有7個考題,但是Ved分词例外(有两个考题。
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