信件如果有附件,可在信纸的左下角,注上Encl:或Enc:,例如:Encl:2 photos(内附两张照片)。如果福建附件不止一项,应写成Encl:或Encs。
我们有时可看到在称呼与正文之间有Re:或Subject:(事由)字样。一般在信纸的中间,也可与“称呼”对齐。还应在底下加横线,以引起读信人的注意,使收信人便于在读信之前就可了解信中的主要内容。事由一般在公务信函中使用,也可以省略。
Reading Report
Book: The Kite Runner
Author: Khaled Hosseini
Pages: 1-163
Brief introduction: Amir is the son of the famous merchant in Afghanistan. There are two servants in his house, Ali and his son Hassan. Amir plays with Hassan all the time in his childhood. Hassan is Hazara, while Amir is Pashtuns. Hazara is discriminated against by Pashtuns. So although Hassan believes that Amir is his friend, Amir does not agree. Amir tricks Hassan sometimes but Hassan never gets angry. Things go peacefully, until one night Amir sees three boys hit Hassan to the ground. Instead of help Hassan, Amir runs away. From that day on, Amir does not know how to face Hassan. In order not to be regretted every second, Amir finally makes Hassan and Ali leave his home. Just after that, Russian forces Amir’s country. Amir and his father have to move to America.
Comments: This book makes me remember my childhood. The first part of the book is only about some little things in Amir’s childhood. The warm and happy time he has with Hassan. They climb tree and hills, play games and tell stories. I am extremely upset to see Hassan leave. Amir thinks he hurts everyone, Hassan, Ali and his Baba. But the one he hurts most deeply is his own. Hassan leave is a wound in Amir’s heart, and it won’t recover forever. This stuff makes Amir hate the life in Afghanistan, because all the disgusting memories are at here. He always hide, hide himself deeply in the books, in his stories. Afghanistan is a country full of violence, Amir can’t live happily in this environment, his father is a true Afghanistan man, and he has force. But Amir doesn’t. Amir is a light boy who only like literary. He is different from other kids, he need a person to protect. He wants his father’s care and love, but his father hide his love deeply in heart, which makes Amir always feel unneeded. Maybe the true reason of the hurt around Amir is his father.
Digests:
My cheeks burned and guilt coursed through me, the guilt of indulging myself at the expense of his ulcer, his black fingernails and aching wrists. But I would stand my ground, I decided.
I blinked my heart quickening. She had thick black eyebrows that touched in the middle like the arched wings of a flying bird, and the gracefully hooked nose of a princess from old Persia-maybe that of Tahmineh.
They fell from the sky like shooting stars with brilliant, rippling tails, showering the neighborhoods below with prizes for the kite runners.
It just appeared, this other face, for a fraction of a moment, long enough to leave me with the unsettling feeling that maybe I’d seen it someplace before. Then Hassan blinked and it was just him again. Just Hassan.
Page: 163-401
Brief introduction: Amir becomes a popular writer. He meets a girl named Soraya in USA. They fall in love and get married. But they can’t have babies. His father died because of the illness. One of his father’s old friends calls him and invites Amir to his house. He tells the story over 20 years about Hassan and his family. He tells Amir that Hassan and his wife were killed by Taliban and he
asks Amir to find Hassan’s son, Sohrab. After a hard and dangerous trip with Talib, Amir does find Sohrab and wins his trust. But in order to get the visa to USA, Amir asks Sohrab to stay in the orphan for a year while Amir promised Sohrab before never send him to there. Sohrab try to kill himself because of this. Although he is overcome then, he refuses to say a word for a long time. Amir takes him back to USA and treats him good, waiting for his forgiveness. Then a kite competition held and Amir sees Sohrab’s smile when he wins. Amir sees the hope.
Comments: I can’t explain whether it is a happy or tragic ending. But I can say that Sohrab will get better and be a normal boy. Amir is hard-working. He cares about Hassan’s things. And he is always regretful for kicking Hassan out of his home. He thinks that Hassan died because of his action. He feels shamed. But he is a real human who has the sickness of humanity. That is why he would refuse to find Sohrab at the beginning and that’s why he asks Sohrab to go to orphan after promised not to. Certainly he does wrong things but in another way he does things anybody would choose to do. This book is not only about family and friends, is also about a kind of target or force, to help you run on whether if life is easy or hard.
Digests: We let him wrap us in his arms and, for a brief insane moment, I was glad about whatever had happened that night. (Predicative clause
It was a protective gesture and I knew whom Ali was protecting him from. (Object clause
I had crossed a line, and whatever little hope I had of getting out alive had vanished with those words. (Subject clause
I had no idea if Hassan would still be there, if anyone would even know of him or his whereabouts. (Appositive clause
I blinked my heart quickening. She had thick black eyebrows that touched in the middle like the arched wings of a flying bird, and the gracefully hooked nose of a princess from old Persia-maybe that of Tahmineh.
They fell from the sky like shooting stars with brilliant, rippling tails, showering the neighborhoods below with prizes for the kite runners.
位置在下面称呼语隔一行,是信的核心部分。因此要求正文层次分明、简单易懂。和中文信不同的.是,正文中一般不用Hello!(你好!)
正文有缩进式和齐头式两种。每段书信第一行的第一个字母稍微向右缩进些,通常以五个字母为宜,每段第二行从左面顶格写起,这就是缩进式。
但美国人写信各段落往往不用缩进式,用齐头式,即每一行都从左面顶格写起。商务信件大都采用齐头式的写法。
低于结束语一至二行,从信纸中间偏右的地方开始,在结束语的正下方,在签完名字的下面还要有用打字机打出的名字,以便识别。职务、职称可打在名字的下面。当然,写给亲朋好友的信,就不必再打了。
BOOK REPORT_Oliver Twist
Charles Dickens is one of the most famous novelists of the Victorian Age. When Charles Dickens was young, his father was put into prison. During this time, Dickens was living by himself and working in the underground cell of a shoe blacking factory. Maybe it is because this period of experience that makes Charles Dickens’s works are more focused on the living condition of the poor. In many of his novels, Dickens showed his sympathy for the poor. Just like this book-Oliver Twist in which Charles Dickens described the miserable life of the poor children and exposed the seedy side of the society at that time.
Oliver Twist is one of Charles Dickens' most popular stories. Oliver Twist was born in a workhouse in 1930s. Later, he was sent to a Coffin shop as an apprentice. As he couldn’t endure the oppression from his boss, he fled to London. However, on the way to London, he was cheated into the haunt of thieves and trained to be a thief. On one occasion, he was taken in by a rich man—Mr. Brownlow. But unfortunately, he was framed and entrapped into the haunt of thieves again. But Oliver still believes that there are hopes in his life. Finally, Nancy, a kind-hearted woman pickpocket, rescued Oliver from dangers despite the threat of the thief-in-chief and told Brownlow that actually Oliver is his good friend’s son. Nancy was killed at the end of the story, but the police surround the haunt of thieves immediately and Oliver reunited with his family members.
Of the characters in this story, Oliver, Nancy and Miss Ross represent the goodness that they are born in suffering, grow in dark world, but still keep a heart ofgold. None of the hardships can through them into the hell. Oliver is a brave and strong child that he suffered enormous pain, such as hunger, thirst, beating and abuse. But no matter how tough his life is he never gives up his belief. What’s more, in Oliver Twist, morality and nobility are always black-and-white issues. Just like Monks, who was a greedy, ruthless, shameless person, represents the black, Olive can represents the white. But Nancy, a thief who has done something bad, finally been influenced by Oliver and decided to help Oliver. This gives us the implication that the boundary between virtue and vice is not always so distinct.
Charles Dickens praised ideal human nature and interpersonal relationships and he hoped to use his pen to express his ideals in that the reality is very cruel. So, through this novel, Dickens criticized the seedy side of the capitalist society at that time and expressed his deep sympathy about the bottom class who lived in a miserable life. In this way the people could realize the social reality and consider more about their behavior. But on the other hand, Dickens shows his wish through this novel that people should firm their belief no matter what they are suffering about and evil can never prevail over good.
在正文下面的一、二行处,从信纸的中间偏右处开始,第一个词开头要大写,句末用逗号。不同的对象,结束语的写法也不同。
(1)写给家人、亲戚,用Your loving grandfather,Lovingly yours,Lovingly等;
(2)写给熟人、朋友,用Yours cordially,Yours affectionately等;
(3)写业务信函用Truely yours(Yours truely),Faithfully yours(Yours faithfully)等;
(4)对上级、长辈用Yours obediently(Obediently yours),Yours respectfully(Respectfully yours)等。
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