金秋时节,秋高气爽,在这个硕果累累飘香的季节里,我们迎来了祖国母亲的第六十五个生日。趁着国庆七天长假,我和家人来到了咸宁,进行了一场快乐之旅。
放假第三天,我们早早地坐上了爸爸的车。在车上,我们一边玩,一边想:那个地方好不好玩?远不远?大约三个小时后,我们终于到了目的地。当我们到了隐水洞洞口时,只见上面的山顶上写着三个苍劲有力的大字:隐水洞。我们买好票,就进去了。洞里幽深秀丽,神秘莫测,脚下几疑无路,忽又别有洞天。它的主洞长达5000余米,有“底下长廊”之称,平均高达 20米、宽25米,洞口绝壁直耸、气势雄伟,因有两条小溪穿流其中,故名“隐水洞”。洞内空间宽阔,四辆卡车可并驾齐驱。无数的钟乳石、石笋,千姿百态,形成了各种各样的地貌。如:“寒山钟声”、“观音送子”、“倒挂石林”等等。洞内溪水咚咚、泉水哗哗、雾气萦绕,增添了无穷的神韵。
洞内还有小火车,我们兴致勃勃坐上了小火车。洞里的温度和外面的温度相差很大,我们在洞口还有些热,越往里走越凉快,后来竟然感觉有一些冷。大约两个小时后,我们终于走出了洞口。由于洞内光线很暗,照片的效果不是很好,这也是我的一些遗憾。
晚上六点,我们开车来到了清凉避暑的好地方——九宫山。这座山海拔高一千五百六十九米,是我所登过的最高的山。上山时车子沿着盘山公路往上爬。到了山顶,我一出车门,“啊!空气真是新鲜啊!”晚上的九宫山非常冷,一阵冷风吹来,我不禁打了一个寒颤,晚上睡觉还盖着厚厚的棉被。
第二天早上,我们坐缆车来到了九宫山的山脚,开始了我们一天的新旅程。九宫山风景优美,物产丰富。著名的景点有:石龙峡、铜鼓包、一线天等。令我印象最深刻的是石龙峡。
石龙峡的景色果真壮观,才第一个景点就十分雄伟,一开始就有一条溪流缓缓地流着,可是在下坡的那一刹那,顿时变成飞瀑,直往下冲,发出“哗哗哗”的声音。有几块较大的石头在瀑布里横躺着,可一个个都被冲得“满坡打滚”!当我们走到天镜潭的时候,视野比较开阔,上面是轻盈的蓝天白云,下面是盈盈的一池碧水,新鲜的空气、优美的环境,让我们的心情很轻松。石龙峡里还有铁索桥,铺的是木板,走上去颤颤巍巍。其实我不害怕这种吊桥,但每次走着走着,桥就摇晃得厉害,只能快速地跑到对岸去。不知不觉,我们就到了石峡的尽头,山壁上建有简陋的栈道,路口却被封闭起来了,说是安全原因。我们仰头看了一会儿,确实不敢往上爬了,万一掉下来,那可不是好玩的。这时的远山已经开始雾气弥漫了,看起来真像仙境。下山时,我们原路返回到天镜潭,走了另一条小路,不一会就走出了景区。然后坐上了上山的缆车,回到了山顶坐上了爸爸的车,结束了这两天的旅程。
大自然的空气清新,干净许多,我们纷纷在山顶留影,希望拍下这难得的美景,留住美好的回忆。
这就是我的国庆之旅,它让我深深的爱上了大自然!长大了我还要到更远更美丽的地方去,感受祖国的大好河山。
1。 叙述的人称
英语的记叙文一般是以第一或第三人称的角度来叙述的。用第一称表示的是由叙述者亲眼所见、亲耳所闻的经历。它的优点在于能把故事的情节通过“我”来传达给读者,使人到真实可信,如身临其境。如:
The other day, I was driving along the street。 Suddenly, a car lost its control and ran directly towards me fast。 I was so frightened that I quickly turned to the left side。 But it was too late。 The car hit my bike and I fell off it。
用第三人称叙述,优点在于叙述者不受“我”活动范围以内的人和事物的限制,而是通过作者与读者之外的第三者,直接把故事中的情节展现在读者面前,文章的客观性很强。如:
Little Tom was going to school with an umbrella, for it was raining hard。 On the way, he saw an old woman walking in the rain with nothing to cover。 Tom went up to the old woman and wanted to share the umbrella with her, but he was too short。 What could he do? Then he had a good idea。
2。 动词的时态
在记叙文中,记和叙都离不开动词。所以动词出现率最高,且富于变化。记叙文中用得最多的是动词的过去的',这是英语记叙文区别于汉语记叙文的关键之处。英语写作的优美之处就在于这些动词时态的变化,正是这一点才使得所记、所叙有鲜活的动态感、鲜明的层次感和立体感。
3。 叙述的顺序
记叙一件事要有一定的顺序。无论是顺叙、倒叙、插叙还是补叙,都要让读者能弄清事情的来龙去脉。顺叙最容易操作,较容易给读者提供有关事情的空间和时间线索。但这种方法也容易使文章显得平铺直叙,读起来平淡乏味。倒叙、插叙、补叙等叙述方法能有效地提高文章的结构效果,让所叙之事跌宕起伏,使读者在阅读时思维产生较大的跳跃,从而为文章所吸引,深入其中。但这些方法如果使用不当,则容易弄巧成拙,使文章结构散乱,头绪不清,让读者不知所云。
4。 叙述的过渡
过渡在上下文中起着承上启下、融会贯通的作用。过渡往往用在地点转移或时间、事件转换以及由概括说明到具体叙述时。如:
In my summer holidays, I did a lot of things。 Apart form doing my homework, reading an English novel, watching TV and doing some housework, I went on a trip to Qingdao。 It is really a beautiful city。 There are many places of interest to see。 But what impressed me most was the sunrise。
The next morning I got up early。 I was very happy because it was a fine day。 By the time I got to the beach, the clouds on the horizon were turning red。 In a little while, a small part of the sun was gradually appearing。 The sun was very red, not shining。 It rose slowly。 At last it broke through the red clouds and jumped above the sea, just like a deep-red ball。 At the same time the clouds and the sea water became red and bright。
What a moving and unforgettable scene!
5。 叙述与对话
引用故事情节中主要人物的对话是记叙文提高表现力的一种好方法。适当地用直接引语代替间接的主观叙述,可以客观生动地反映人物的性格、品质和心理状态,使记叙生动、有趣,使文章内容更加充实、具体。试比较下面两段的叙述效果:
I was in the kitchen, and I was cooking something。 Suddenly I heard a loud noise from the front。 I thought maybe someone was knocking the door。 I asked who it was but I heard no reply。 After a while I saw my cat running across the parlor。 I realized it was the cat。 I felt released。
这本来应是一段故事性很强的文字,但经作者这么一写,就不那么吸引人了。原因是文中用的都是叙述模式,没有人物语言,把“悬念”给冲淡了。可作如下调整:
I was in the kitchen cooking something。 "Crash!" a loud noise came from the front。 Thinking someone was knocking at the door, I asked, "Who?" No reply。 After a while, I saw my cat running across the parlor。 "It's you。" I said, quite released。
1。 头绪分明,脉络清楚
写好记叙文,首先要头绪分明,脉络清楚,明确文章要求写什么。要对所写的事件或人物进行分析,弄清事件发生、发展一直到结束的整个过程,然后再收集选取素材。这些素材都应该跟上述五个“ W ”和一个“ H ”有关。尽管不是每篇记叙文里都必须包括这些“ W ”和“ H ”,但动笔之前,围绕五个“ W ”和“ H ”进行构思是必不可少的。
2。 突出中心,详略得当
在文章的框架确定后,对支持故事的素材的选取是很关键的。选材要注意取舍,应该从表现文章主题的需要出发,分清主次,定好详略。要突出重点,详写细述那些能表现文章主题的重要情节,略写粗述那么非关键的次要情节。面面俱到反而使情节罗列化,使人不得要领。这一点是写好记叙文要解决的一个基本问题,也需要一定的技巧。如:
One night a man came to our house and told me, "There is a family with eight children。 They have not eaten for days。" I took some food with me and went。
When I finally came to that family, I saw the faces of those little children disfigured (破坏外貌) by hunger。 There was no sorrow or sadness in their faces, just the deep pain of hunger。
I gave the rice to the mother。 She divided the rice in two, and went out, carrying half the rice。 When she came back, I asked her, "Where did you go?" she gave me this simple answer, "To my neighbors — they are hungry also!"
3。 用活语言,准确生动
记叙文要用具体的事件和生动的语言对人、事、物加以叙述。一篇好的记叙文的语言既要准确、生动,又要表现力强,这样才能把人、事描写得具体生动,其可读性才强。试比较下面一篇例文修改的前后效果。
原文:
One day Xiaoqiang was wandering away。 He was soon lost among people and traffic。 He could not find the way back home and started crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by found him standing alone in front of a shop and crying。 They went up to Xiaoqiang and asked him what had happened。 Xiaoqiang told them how he got lost and where he lived。 The two students decided to take him home。 Mother was pleased to see Xiaoqiang come back safe and sound。 She invited the two students into the house and gave them some money, but they didn't take it。 She served them with tea but they left。
修改后:
The other day, five-year-old Xiaoqiang left home alone and wandered happily in the street。 After some time, he felt hungry so he wanted to go back home。 But he found he was lost among the crowded people and heavy traffic。 When he could not find the way home, he started and crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by from school found him sanding crying in front of a shop。 They immediately went up to him。
"Little boy, why are you standing here crying?" they asked。
"I want Mom, I go home。" said the boy, still crying。
"Don't worry, we'll send you home。"
And they spent the next two hours looking for the boy's house。 With the help of a policeman, they finally found it。
When the worried mother saw her son come back safe and sound, she was so thankful and she invited the students into her house。 Gratefully, she offered them some money, saying it was a way to express her thanks, but the young students firmly refused it and left without even a cup of tea。
我的家乡在湖北咸宁,这里山水环绕,空气清新,历史悠久,有很多自然和人文景观。我经常会和爸爸妈妈回老家看看。
我的家乡是著名的楠竹之乡,每年的春天回家乡在山间和公路的小山都能看到一片片翠绿的竹海,微风阵阵吹来,它们就象跳舞的人们,左右摇摆,还发出沙沙的声音,坐在车里,一路欣赏美景,让我回家心切,回到老家时还能能吃到新鲜的竹笋。我已经在想奶奶炒的竹笋,好想早点到家。
我的家乡是桂花之乡。走在马路上都随处都能看到高大的桂花树,秋天是黄金桂丰收的季节,走在路上金灿灿的桂花随风飘舞,有的落下来,象一只只蝴蝶翩翩起舞。有桂花就有特产,有又香又甜的桂花糖、桂花蜜、桂花酒、桂花羔,一定要带点回去慢慢品尝。
我的家乡是温泉之乡,有悠久的历史,是个天然的泉眼,泉水是淡黄色,水中含有很多矿物质,可以治关节炎和皮肤病。来咸宁的朋友不要错过我们的温泉。
我最喜欢家乡,那是我爸爸成长的地方,还有我喜欢的爷爷奶奶。每年回老奶奶都为我准备了很多好吃的,全是绿色食品,在城市是吃不到的。我在过年时还可以看雪景,堆雪人。这就是我的家乡。
导入:
第1段:提出一种现象或某个决定作为议论的话题
As a student, I am strongly in favour of the decision. (亮明自己的观点是赞成还是反对
The reasons for this may be listed as follows. (过渡句,承上启下
正文:
第2段:First of all... Secondly... Besides...(列出2~3个赞成或反对的`理由
结论:
第3段:In conclusion, I believe that... (照应第1段,构成"总—分—总"结构
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