有一天,狼发现山脚下有一个洞,各种动物由此通过。狼非常高兴,它想,守住山洞就可以捕获各种猎物。于是,它堵上洞的另一端,单等动物们来送。
第一天,来了一只羊,狼追上去,羊拼命地逃,最终从一个小偏洞仓皇逃窜。狼气急败坏地堵上那个小洞。第二天,来了一只兔子,狼奋力追捕,结果,兔子从洞侧面一个更小一点的洞逃生了。于是,狼把类似大小的洞全堵上了。第三天,来了一只小松鼠,狼飞奔过去,追得小松鼠上蹿下跳,最终,小松鼠从洞顶的一个通道跑掉了。狼非常气愤,于是,它堵塞了山洞里的所有窟窿,把整个山洞堵得水泄不通,狼对自己的措施非常得意。
第四天,来了一只老虎,狼吓坏了,拔腿就跑。老虎穷追不舍,狼在山洞里跑来跑去,由于没有出口,无法逃脱,最终,被老虎吃掉了。
要求全面理解材料,但可以选择一个侧面、一个角度构思,自主确定立意,确定文体,确定标题;不要脱离材料内容及含意的范围作文,不要套作,不得抄袭。
范文:
留下余地,活出品位
老虎穷追不舍,狼在山洞里跑来跑去,由于没有出口,无法逃脱,最终被老虎吃掉了。
这只狼比灰太狼还要倒霉。它忙碌了三天,却是自掘坟墓。它之所以亡,固然有弱肉强食的原因,但最重要的是它没给自己留下余地。如果人如此狼,则品位太低。“背水一战“、“置之地而后生”的情况的确是有的,但还是多条后路比较好。
余地留给自己。河南巩义的康百万庄园的堂屋上挂着一块匾,上书“留余”二字。宽备窄用,生意兴隆,康家便有了骏马一天也跑不了一圈的大庄园。庄园里还有一条精心设计的地道,以便主人在紧急情况下逃脱。山西平遥古城的县衙里也有一条地道。这些都是留后路的例子。
余地留给他人。人大多不是圣人,尴尬时需要一个台阶,穷困时需要一点救助,绝望时需要一条出路,如果没有回旋余地,必然激化他们与社会的矛盾。
余地留给生命。为什么要“网开一面”?为什么提倡“不涸泽而渔,不焚林而猎”?因为一个人把一个地区的.动物都灭了,周围的人吃什么?这个人的子孙吃什么?现在东海每年都有禁渔期,草原也有禁牧期,希望“天苍苍,野茫茫,风吹草低见牛羊”的美丽画面更多地出现。
余地留给艺术。中国画大都讲究“留白”,给欣赏者留下想象的空间。“刻削之道,鼻莫如大,目莫如小。鼻大可小,小不可大也;目小可大,大不可小也。”雕刻也需要留下修改的余地。琵琶女在演奏中也曾出现这样的情景:“间关莺语花底滑,幽咽泉流冰下难。冰泉冷涩弦凝绝,凝绝不通声暂歇。别有幽愁暗恨生,此时无声胜有声。”这是音乐上的“留白”。白居易写完琵琶女的演奏后,并未急于收笔,而是写了“东船西舫悄无言,唯见江心秋月白”二句,让人产生“舞幽壑之潜蛟,泣孤舟之嫠妇”的遐思,则是文学上的“留白”,深得艺术的要旨。
余地产生品位。比尔·盖茨主动退位,让人感到亲切;本·拉登搞恐怖袭击,只能自断后路。美国耗时十年,终于将其击毙。老虎再贪婪,也会给秃鹫和鬣狗留一副狼的骨架的。
衣服宽松则舒适,时间宽裕则悠闲,空间宽阔则坦荡,心胸宽广则豁达。
“缓揭帘,勿有声;宽转弯,勿触棱。”让我们留下余地,活出品位。
纵览古今中外,任性之人可谓层出不穷。有“千磨万击还艰劲,任尔东南西北风”般百折不挠的任性。有“一蓑烟雨任平生”般潇洒自如的任性,更有如“任它风吹浪打,我自岿然不动”般坚毅如钢的任性。可见,任性是一种人生的修为,是一种积极自信的心态,是一抹不同寻常的亮彩。
可是当每一次的任性都被扣上了厚重的帽子,当任性也有了前提。自我勉励变成了冷嘲热讽,彰显独特竟转化为彰显优越。而这种优越并非后天修养却是与生俱来,有钱有貌,有闲,“任性”二字渐渐成为常人的不可企及。如此一来,变了味道的任性只消得表达羡慕,表达卑微的不满,甚至是对自身的消解与自嘲。
加了前提的任性非但不自由,反而成了一种限制。“有钱就是任性”在更多人的眼中表示的是“没钱就无法任性。”于是困厄竟变成了理所当然。因为任性有了前提,大千世界的缤纷色彩,现实生活中温润透彻的人心,笔墨间纵情的挥洒,甚至是追求美的权利与自由,都被“无才无貌”挡在了门外,令人无福消受了。
任性不需要前提,任性更不需要枷锁。任性是无拘无束的做自己,鉴定执着的追求想要的`生活。它或许是一种人生的态度;林语堂曾说“人生僻如一场滑稽剧,又是还是静观而微笑,胜于参与其中一份子。”一个温和慈祥的老者形象在我眼前赫然展现,人生如戏,我偏要静观微笑。这样的任性少了卑微无力,却多了些庄严持重,并且,不论怎么看,都是可亲又可爱的。它或许也是一种逆流而行的勇气与尊严。战火纷飞的抗战时期,女作家萧红的愿望不是去记录平型关大捷,也不是同仇敌忾民族危亡的悲伤,她只想寻一隅角落,写童年的趣事,写慈祥的祖父,写家乡的山河,但这温润笔峰中却暗藏着人性的悲凉,对人性回归的感念,世道人心的无知与慈祥。萧红的笔峰转而又转,任性的写下了时代的逆流,而这逆流,却是一个时代最最真实的写照。如此一来,任性也可能成为一种伟大。
任性不需要前提不代表任性可以为所欲为。任性应从人性出发,应以尊严为保障。任性更多地代表成为真实的自己,而非在他人是非面前指指点点,无理取闹。网络的世界和其宽广,有透透彻彻的善意也有恶意诽谤和谣言中伤,若是把一切为所欲为都归结于任性驱使,那么自由将变成不自由,上而观之,社会规则,人性尊严更将变淡。
希望有一天,白手起家的成功人士站在讲台上,口中流露不再是打拼与机遇这样的套话,他会说,我的成功归结于我不需要前提,坚定执着的任性。而千千万万的普通人,他们也会自信而坚定地说,我的任性不在于有钱,有才,有貌,我的任性在于安于平凡,追求自由幸福的生活。由此,每个个体的价值都得以在不需前提的任性之下,回归自我,回归自由
相关阅读:
一.直接引论法【议论文如何入题1】
例1:《让纪念闪耀理性光芒》
纪念是内心情感的涌动,但又不是感情的无节制的挥霍;纪念需要行动来升华,但又需要理性的引导。
真正的纪念是心灵的回响,是历史的回音;它审视过去,启迪未来……(总领下文,过渡自然
黑格尔曾经自夸德国人天生就是哲学家。然而就是这样一个天生严谨自律的民族,就在一个狂人的引诱下,陷入了战争的渊薮。60年前的那幕惨剧:生灵涂炭、妻离子散、流成河……胜者在对往昔的审视中找到了道德的标杆,也找到了纪念的理由。
例2:《找准位置,绽放光彩》:
虎啸深山,鱼翔浅底,驼走大漠,雁排长空。世间万物自有属于自己的一片天地,生命的玄机是找到自己的位置,绽放属于自己的光彩。(排比,列举四种具有审美意义的典型意向,并紧扣中心观点
找准位置,需要认清自我,审视自我,用一颗平静的心聆听自我价值的呼唤,宠辱不惊,闲看庭前花开花落;去留无意,漫随天外云卷云舒。
二.设问引用法【议论文如何入题2】
例1:《稳中求胜》
梁山智有吴用,道有公孙,武更是好汉如云。英雄如雨,却已宋江为首。蜀国谋赖孔明,勇让关张,却以刘备为王,东木西金,南水北火,却以戍土居中。何也?
宋公明为人沉稳,刘备做事敦厚,戍土谦稳厚实,终脱颖而出,施展风采,各得其所,故曰:为人沉稳,稳中求胜,吉。(回答问题,提出中心论点
例2:《若为人生故,诚信不可抛》
人生,漫漫长路远,纷繁诱惑多。人,作为微小而孤独的个体,在人生的选择题面前,无可避免地徘徊起来。在一个又一个渡口上,在一次又一次险象中,究竟能选择什么,该选择什么?
选择诚信,因为它比美貌来得可靠。
选择诚信,因为它比机敏来得憨实。
选择诚信,因为它比金钱更具内涵。
选择诚信,因为它比荣誉更具实效性。
……
三.抒情议论入题【议论文如何入题3】
议论中饱含着浓郁的情感色彩,赋予议论以强烈的抒情性。议论的语言是理性思维的结果,因而也许少了一份灵动,俨然一副冷若冰霜的面孔。由抒情议论入题,打破议论文板起面孔说教的束缚,语言清新灵秀,更能引起读者共鸣。
例1:《捕捉理性的灵光》
求知的瞳孔放飞彩色的希望,那方黑色的沃土贮满流连,赫然印着“感情用事与理性分析”。是的,站在雨季边上,绵亘于高三的岁月,即将步入社会的熔炉,凭借直觉和感情亲疏去认知这个纷繁的世界,还是逻辑分析,理性判断,助长理性的羽翼?我愿意让生命喷薄,把羽翼淬火,去捕捉理性的灵光。(运用比喻的修辞手法,鲜明地表达观点
(1 模版1
Different people have different views on_____.Some people think that_____,whereas others aegue that __________.
As far as I am concerned, I agree with the opinion that ___________.For one thing,I firmly believe that ___________.For another,_____________.Just think of________,who/which_______.
Taking all these factors into consideration,we may safely come to the conclusion that______.Only if_______can we _______,just as the saying goes,________________.
(2模版2
In recent years there have been many reports of ________.It turns a new chapter of _________in China,and will have far-reaching effects in the forthcoming years.
The biggest benefit,in my eyes,is that_______.In addition,_______.Finally,______________.
Apart from the benefits mentioned above,we should also face several unavoidable challenges.In the first place,_____________.In the second place,________.What’s more,_______________.In summary,we should_______________.
(3模版3
Nowadays more and more ______are commonly and widely used in everyday life,ranging from __________to_____________.
The popularity of _______will have a great influence on ______.On the one hand,_________.On the other hand,__________.
To conclude,____________are just like a double-edged sword.With them we may________.However,one point should be kept in mind that we should make sensible use,always being a master instead of slaving of them.
Recently, there is a popular saying: the world is so large that I want to have a look! As more and more people travel around during their holidays, tourists have brought large sum of money to the local people.
However, too many tourists also bring some problems to the local life. The most serious problem is the pollution caused by the uncivilized tourists. It’s reported that there were thousands of tons of rubbish left after the flag-raising ceremony on Oct. 1st. The uncivilized tourists left their rubbish wherever they go, polluting the local environment. Another problem is the traffic jam caused by so many tourists.
Tourist can promote the economic development of the local areas, but the pollution caused by those uncivilized tourists has brought severe problems. The local tourist authority should set up relative laws to protect the environment of the local areas, and every tourist obey the laws and help to make the places of tourist more beautiful!
Everyone may encounter a scene when he or she wonders what the meaning and purpose of life is. Answers to this question vary from person to person. As for me, I agree with the view that the meaning of life is to discover your gift and the purpose of life is to make the best of it.
On one hand, one's gift could be the source of his inner happiness, providing spiritual impetus and correct orientation. Take the world-renowned Chinese pianist Lang Lang as an example. His gift was noticed before he was 3 years old, which laid the foundation of his glorious life. On the other hand, proper use of talent helps people to realize their value in a positive way, thus making contribution to the society as a whole. For instance, Isaac Newton made a universally amazing discovery by digging into his gift and finding the Newton's law of gravitation.
In conclusion, let's search for our true gift and utilize it to the fullest to achieve a happy and valuable life.
四级英语很快就要到来了,英语是占据重要的部分,快来看看下面的范文及写作指导吧。
下面请看一篇漫画式命题的作文预测题:
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay based on the picture below. You should express your views on the impact of air pollution. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
【参考模板范文】
The Impact of Air Pollution
The cartoon vividly reveals the phenomenon of air pollution or the decline of air quality. In the cartoon we can see the air pollution is so serious that the earth can't bear it.
What exactly contribute to this phenomenon? Possible reasons can be listed as follows: firstly, vehicle exhaust gases could be one of the most leading causes. With the improvement of economy and people's living standard, urban inhabitants in mounting numbers own their private cars. More automobiles will inevitably generate more exhaust gases. Additionally, household appliances widely used in cities also release a great amount of carbon dioxide gases, which further intensifies air pollution. Last but not least, many factories around the cities emit large quantities of untreated poisonous gases, which should also be responsible for the decline of air quality.
Definitely, air pollution will exert a detrimental impact on many aspects of people's life. For example, many diseases such as cough, skin problem and lung cancer are caused by it. Perhaps it is high time that we should adopt some measures to solve the problem of air pollution.
英语漫画作文写作指导
第一、读图审题
四级漫画作文中的漫画通常反映一个社会现象或生活哲理,要求考生根据自己对漫画的理解来写作。因此,要写好四级漫画作文,审题格外重要。考生在下笔之前要仔细看漫画,弄清漫画的寓意,这是文章切题的保证。此外,在本次四级考试的三道写作题中,Directions部分都给出了写作内容的大致方向,这也为考生把握漫画寓意提供了帮助。下面笔者就来逐一梳理2013年6月四级作文的三幅漫画及其传达的寓意。
第二、谋篇布局
在把握文章的主旨之后,考生就可以构思整篇文章的架构了。四级漫画作文的写作可以分为下面三个段落。
第一段:开门见山,简要描述一下漫画内容,并指出漫画的寓意。描述漫画内容是为了揭示其中的寓意,是手段而不是目的,所以描述要简洁明快,一般来说一句话足矣。需要提醒考生的是,写作的Directions部分虽然给出了大致的写作主题,但是也要求考生对漫画进行简要描述,因此考生切不可抛开漫画内容直接展开议论。
第二段:表达考生对漫画寓意的看法,这是文章的重心所在。比如,就第一道写作题目而言,考生应在第二段阐述阅读文学作品的重要性;就第二道写作题目而言,考生应在第二段论述为什么凡事必须从小事做起;就第三道写作题目而言,考生应在第二段论述掌握基本技能的重要性。
第三段:指出漫画的寓意对大学生的教育意义,或者提出解决问题的建议。考生需要注意的是,结尾段一般并不需要实质性的分析,其主要作用是总结和升华,使文章结构完整。所以结尾段的写作要简明扼要,点到即止。
第三、论证方法
漫画作文的'第二段要表达考生对漫画寓意的看法,这是文章的核心段落,也是作文字数达到要求的关键。因此,考生在这一段要浓墨重彩,写深、写透。在写这一段时,考生要尽量摆事实、讲道理,避免空泛的议论。针对这一核心段落,笔者在此推荐以下三种展开议论的常用方法,希望对考生有所启发。
1.条分缕析
在写作第二段时,考生可以从2~3个方面对观点展开论述,这种写法可使文章显得层次清楚、条理清晰。例如,本次四级作文第一道题目的第二段需要阐述阅读文学作品的重要性,考生就可以从以下两个方面展开:第一,相对于电子媒体,文学阅读更能培养人的想象力;第二,阅读文学作品能够帮助我们更好地了解社会。请参考下面的范文。
There wasa time when children could relish (欣赏/ 也可以使用appreciate 替换 literature. But childrentoday can enjoy the sounds and action on a TV or computer screen. “So why bother reading?” some ask. The reasonis obvious: It enriches our imagination. When we read apiece of literature, we are living the life of RobinHood or starting an adventure with Tom Sawyer. In addition, literature is the mirror of society,whether it be poetry, drama or fiction. We know thesociety better through literature.
2.举例论证
如果漫画所传达的是抽象的人生哲理,那么考生在论述时最好能举出具体的事例,尽量避免空洞的说教。比如,就本次四级作文第二道题目而言,考生可以在第二段中举出一些成功人士如何从小事做起的例子。笔者下面提供的范文中用到的是哈兰·桑德斯上校从一个小吃店做起,最后缔造出遍布全球的肯德基快餐帝国的例子,用以证明只有从小事做起,才能成就大事。请看下面的范文。
Everything is smallbefore it is big. A good example is KFC. In 1930 Colonel Harland Sanders beganserving food to his service station customers in Corbin, a city in Kentucky. He fried chicken in his own kitchen andperfected his secret recipe there. From the small roadside eatery, he went on to build an empire of fast food.
3.类比论证
如果漫画中的寓意不容易通过具体的事例来证明,那么考生还可以使用类比论证的方法,即通过打比方来论证一个抽象的道理。比如,对于本次四级作文的第三道题目,考生可以在第二段中用学习打篮球的过程来打比方。学习打篮球时,只有先学会了投球、运球、传球这些基本技能,才能进一步学习高难度的技能。以此类推,无论做任何事情,只有掌握了基本的技能,才可能取得更大的成功。此外,考生还可以举出统计数字,用具体的研究结果来证明论点。请看下面的范文。
Simple as they mayseem, basic skills serve as the first link in the chain of success. Thisis analogous to learning to play basketball. If shooting, dribbling and passing are not mastered,learning advanced skills will become difficult, if notimpossible. A growing body of research has also documented that such basicskills as reading, writing and computing are highlycorrelated with success later in life. A 2012 study surveyed 300 CEOs ofFortune 500 companies and found that 87% attributed part of their success tothe basic skills they learned in primary school.
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