大学生关于时间管理的作文英语【一】
语言学习策略指“学习者为了使语言学习取得更好的效果而采取的各种策略，它既包括学习者为了更好地完成某个学习活动或学习任务而采取的微观策略，也包括学习者对自己的学习目标、学习过程、学习结果进行计划、调控、评估等而采取的宏观策略。一个成功的语言学习者常能根据任务的需要综合使用各种策略。使用有效的外语学习策略，不仅可以改进外语学习方式，促进语言技能的发展，还可以使学习者在语言学习中扮演更积极的角色，提高教学质量。
可见，学习者的学习策略知识对语言学习有积极的反拨效应，可以提高学生的语言水平英语教师如果能引导学生学会调整和运用英语学习策略，使他们用良好的学习策略来控制自己的学习方法和过程，就能大大提高英语学习的效率，更能帮助他们学会学习，习得终身学习的能力。但是，英语学习策略属于隐性知识，如何才能使学生了解、掌握和运用它们呢？知识管理为这一问题的解决提供了契机。
大学生关于时间管理的作文英语【二】
关于企业的目的，只有一个正确而有效的定义：创造顾客。（正确的赚钱姿势是顾客）
市场不是由上帝、大自然或经济力量创造的，而是由企业家创造的。企业家必须设法满足顾客的需求，而在他们满足顾客的需求之前，顾客也许感觉到那种需求。就像饥荒时渴求食物一样，不能满足的需求可能主宰了顾客的生活，在他清醒的每一刻，这种需求都盘旋在他的脑海中。但是，在企业家采取行动满足这些需求之后，顾客才真的存在，市场也才真的诞生，否则之前的需求都只是理论上的需求。顾客可能根本没有察觉到这样的需求，也可能在企业家采取行动——通过广告、推销或发明新东西，创造需求之前，需求根本不存在。每一次都是企业的行动创造了顾客。（两类企业：创新型的创造客户需求的企业，例如引领智能手机潮流的苹果；生产服务型的满足客户需求的企业，例如空调。）
是顾客决定了企业是什么。因为只有当顾客愿意付钱购买商品或服务时，才能把经济资源转变为财富，把物品转变为商品。企业认为自己的产品是什么，并不是最重要的事情，对于企业的前途和成功尤其不是那么重要。顾客认为他购买的是什么，他心目中的价值何在，却有决定性的影响。（换位思考）
由于企业的目的是创造顾客，任何企业都有两个基本功能，而且也只有这两个基本功能：营销和创新。
企业必须掌握财富的资源，已达到创造顾客的目的。因此企业的重要管理功能之一，就是有效地利用一切创造财富的资源，从经济角度来说，则称之为生产力。
在过去的几年中，几乎每个人都在谈生产力。提高生产力——更有效地利用资源——不但是提高生活水准的关键，也是企业活动的成果，这已经不算什么新观念了。但我们其实不太了解生产力是什么，也不懂得如何衡量生产力。
生产力意味着所有生产要素之间的平衡，能以最少的努力，获得最大的产出。这和每位员工平均生产力或每个公式的平均生产力是两回事，这些传统标准充其量只是含糊地反应了生产力的部分事实。
原因在于，传统标准仍然执着于18世纪的迷思，认为劳力是惟一的生产资源，是惟一的实质“努力”这种观念表现了机械论的谬误，认为人类的所有成就最终都能以劳动力为衡量的单位。但是在现代经济体系中，生产力提升从来都不是靠体力劳动而达成的。事实上，企业从来都不是靠劳工来达到提高生产力的目标，而是用其他方式取代劳动力之后的结果。当然，其中一个替代方式就是资本设备，换句话说，以机械能取代劳力。
至少同样重要、但未被探讨的问题是：以教育水准较高、善于分析推理的人才来取代技术或非技术性劳力所提升的生产力，换句话说，以管理人员、技术人员和专业人才来取代“体力劳动者”，以“规划”取代“工作”。 显然，企业必须在安装资本设备以取代体力劳动者之前，就完成这样的转换；因为必须先有人规划和设计设备——这是具有概念性、理论性而且分析性特点的工作。事实上，只要稍加思考，就会发现经济学家所强调的“资本形成率”其实只是次要的生产要素，经济发展的基本要素必然是“智力形成率”，也就是一个国家能以多快的速度培养出想象力丰富、有愿景、受过良好教育、具备推理和分析技能的人才。
规划、设计和安装资本设备仍然只能反映以“脑力”取代“体力”后所提升的一小部分生产力而已。至少同等重要的是直接转换工作性质对于生产力的贡献——从需要许多技术性或非技术性劳动力，转换成需要受过教育、见多识广的人才进行理论化的分析与概念性的规划工作，而不需任何资本设备的投资。
最近的研究（例如斯坦福研究院所做的研究）清楚地显示，西欧和美国的生产力差距与资本投资的问题并不相关。许多欧洲产业的资本投资和设备都和美国企业不相上下，然而西欧产业的生产力却只有美国同产业的2/3。唯一的解释是西欧企业高度依赖人工技能，管理者和技术人员所占的比例较低，而且组织结构较不完善。
1900年，美国典型的制造公司每花100美元在直接员工的薪资上，可能最多只花5美元或8美元来聘请管理、技术和专业人员；而在今天的许多产业中，这两项开支几乎相等——尽管有些产业直接员工的工资增长速度和幅度都很快。而除了制造业以外，在交通运输业和矿业、销售、金融和保险业以及服务业中（即在美国经济的半壁江山中），生产力提升完全是以规划取代劳动、脑力取代体力、知识取代汗水的结果，因为在这些行业中，资本投资只是很小的因素。
企业经营中（尤其在会计领域中）有关生产力的词汇早已过时了，容易令人误解。会计师所谓的'“生产工人”指的是操作机器的体力劳动者，事实上他们是最没有生产力的员工。而会计师口中的“非生产性员工”指的是其他所有对生产有贡献，但不需看管机器的人，其中包括像清扫工这类前工业时期、低生产力的体力劳动者，像制造器具的工匠这种身怀绝技、高生产力的劳动者，像维修电器的新工业的技术员，还有像工厂领班、工程师和质量检验员这类知识水平较高的专业人才。最后，会计师混起来统称为“管理费用”的人中其实包含了最具生产力的资源：管理者、规划人员、设计师、创新者。“管理费用”一词流露出一种抵触的情绪。当然，该词也可能包含了寄生在企业中的高新人员，只不过因为组织不良、士气不振或目标混淆（换句话说因为管理不善）而需要的人员，其中总是透露出管理不善迹象的好例子，就是“协调者”（当然，此处的讨论完全不涉及个人能力或绩效）。
换句话说，有两种管理费用：生产性的管理费用——用于管理者、技术或专业人才的费用。这种费用取代了一笔至少数额相等的用于生产性或非生产性员工费用或资本支出。另一种是寄生性的或摩擦性的管理费用。这种费用不但没有提高生产力，反而降低了生产力，这是由摩擦造成的，反过来又会制造摩擦。
因此，我们需要的生产力观念是，一方面能将投入与产出的一切努力都加以考虑，同时又能根据与产出结果的关联性来呈现所投入的努力，而不是假定劳动力是唯一的生产性投入。但即使是这样的观念——尽管已经向前迈出了一大步——如果它对于努力的定义仍然局限于可见的形式和可以直接衡量的成本，也就是说，是根据会计师对努力所下的定义，那么这个概念还是有所不足。有一些无形的因素对于生产力有即使不是决定性的也是巨大的影响，却无法以成本数字来衡量。
首先是时间的因素——人类最容易消耗的资源。企业究竟是持续不断使用人力和机器，还是只有一半时间用到人力和机器，都会影响生产力的高低。最没有生产力的政策，莫过于希望在一定时间内硬塞进超出合理状况的生产性努力，例如在拥挤的厂房中或老旧的设备、昂贵的仪器上安排三班制作业。
其次是所谓的“产品组合”，在同样资源的多种组合中求取平衡。企业界人士都知道，这些不同组合在市场价值上的差异，与为了形成产品组合所投入的努力上的差异几乎不成比例，两者之间几乎看不出任何关联。一家公司采用了相同的材料和技术，生产同样数量的商品，耗费相同的直接和非直接的劳动力，可能赚大钱，也可能破产，这完全要看产品组合而定。显然这代表尽管运用相同的资源，生产力却会有很大的差异——但是这种差异不会以成本的形式显现，也无法靠成本分析来检测。
还有一个重要的因素，我称之为“流程组合”。一家公司究竟应该向别人采购零件，还是自给自足？怎样做生产力比较高？应该自己组装产品，还是外包？应该通过自己的销售渠道，打自己的品牌，还是把产品卖给独立经营的批发商，用他们的牌子销售出去？怎样运用公司具有的独特知识、能力、经验和商誉，以发挥最大的生产力？
并不是每个管理层都无所不能，也不是每个企业都应该从事经过客观评估后认为最赚钱的行业。每位管理者都各有其能力和限制。每当他试图超越自己的能力和限制时，无论他冒险开创的事业是多么有利可图，都很可能失败。善于经营稳定生意的人没有办法适应变幻莫测或快速成长的行业，而日常经验也显示，习惯在快速扩张的环境中经营企业的人，一旦公司进入重整状态，很可能毁了原本的事业；善于在长期研究的基础上经营企业的人很可能无法成功地在高压下销售新奇时髦的商品。如何善用公司和管理层的特殊能力，体察自己的局限何在，也是重要的生产力要素。
最后，生产力深受组织结构的影响，而企业各种活动之间的平衡也会影响生产力。如果由于缺乏明确的组织结构，管理者把时间花在摸索自己应该做什么，而不是实际去做事情，就浪费了公司最稀有的资源。如果公司高层只对工程有兴趣（或许因为公司所有高层主管都具工程背景），而公司需要的却是加强营销，那么这家公司就缺乏生产力，最终的结果将比人均每小时产量的下降更为严重。
因此，我们不只在定义生产力的时候，需要考虑所有影响生产力的要素，而且在设定目标时，也必须如此。无论是以资本取代劳动力，或以营业成本取代资本设备与人力（但设法区分创造性和寄生性的管理费用），我们都必须评估这些因素究竟对生产力产生何种影响，同时也必须衡量时间运用、产品组合、流程组合、组织结构和各种企业活动之间的平衡对生产力所造成的影响。
不只是个别企业管理层需要实质的生产力衡量指标，整个国家也需要。缺乏这样的指标是我们经济统计的一大漏洞，会削弱经济政策预测和对抗经济政萧条的努力。
大学生关于时间管理的作文英语【三】
Time flies like an arrow before we realize it .It is known that nothing is more precious than time. The good old proverb "time is money" reminds us that time is valuable. When time goes by, it will never return. However, it is a pity that some people don't make full use of their time .They spend a lot of time in sleeping, chatting playing computer games or other unmeaning matters. . They don't realize that wasting time is actually equal to killing themselves. They always regret not having made great achievements. One of the reasons may be they do not make good use of time. Therefore, in order to be successful, they should first get into the habit of being on time. It’s a sign of cherishing time. Don't put off what can be done today until tomorrow. Being lazy will eventually lead to failure. Don't wait, because you don't know how long it will take when you put off your plan.
The more we are aware of the significance of this famous saying, the more benefits we will get in study or job.
大学生关于时间管理的作文英语【四】
If I ruled the world, I would do some changes that will make the world become better. I would publicize concept of peace, and try to reduce wars. I would also try my best to reduce taxation, help poor people with their producion and make business revive. I would change education too, because it is said that the fature of a country depends on children of the country. In a way, the future of the world depends on children of the world. So I think, the education is a very important factor to make the world become better. I would reduce class-time, reduce homeworks and build many appliances for play on the playground. I would make the schools become a kind of place that kids can be happy there, and like there. I would definitely be a good leader. If somebedy gave me honor to rule the whole world, I wouldnt let him(her down. I would do anything I can do to make the world become more beautiful, more peaceful and warmer.
大学生关于时间管理的作文英语【五】
Time flies like an arrow before we realize it .It is known that nothing is more precious than time. The good old proverb "time is money" reminds us that time is valuable. When time goes by, it will never return. However, it is a pity that some people don't make full use of their time .They spend a lot of time in sleeping, chatting, playing computer games or other unmeaning matters. . They don't realize that wasting time is actually equal to killing themselves. They always regret not having made great achievements. One of the reasons may be they do not make good use of time. Therefore, in order to be successful, they should first get into the habit of being on time. It’s a sign of cherishing time. Don't put off what can be done today until tomorrow. Being lazy will eventually lead to failure. Don't wait, because you don't know how long it will take when you put off your plan.
大学生关于时间管理的作文英语【六】
organizations
who are managers
A manager is someone who coordinates and oversees the work of other people so that organizational goals can be accomplished.
How do we define who managers are
we have first-line managers, the lowest level of management ,manage the work of nonmanagerial employees who typically are involved with producing the organization’s products or servicing the organization’s customers. First-line managers often have the title of supervisor, but they may also called shift managers, district managers, department managers, office managers, or even foreperson. middle managers include all levels of management between the first level and the top level of the organization. These managers manage the work of first-line managers and may have titles such as regional manager, project leader, plant manager, or division manager. At or near the upper levels of the organizational structure are the top managers, who are responsible for making organization-wide decisions and establishing the plans and goals that affect the entire organization. These individuals typically have titles such as executive vice president, president, managing director, chief operating officer, chief executive officer, or chairperson.
what is management
management involves coordinating and overseeing the work activities of others so that their activities are completed efficiently and effectively.
Efficiency refers to getting the most output from the least amount of inputs.
Effectiveness is often described as doing things right, that is, not wasting resources.
what do managers do
management researchers have, after many years of study, developed three specific categorization schemes to describe what managers do: functions, roles, and skills. management functions
Planning: managers define goals, establish strategies for achieving those goals, and develop plans to integrate and coordinate activities.
organizing: managers are responsible for arranging and structuring work to accomplish the organization’s goals.
Leading: managers motivate subordinate, help resolve work group conflicts, influence individuals or teams as they work, select the most effective communication channel, or deal in any way with employee behavior issues.
controlling: managers have to monitor, compare and correct everything that is deviating. management roles
The term management roles refers to specific categories of managerial behavior.
Interpersonal roles are roles that involve people and other duties that are ceremonial symbolic in nature. The three interpersonal roles include figurehead, leader, and liaison.
Informational roles involve collecting, receiving, and disseminating information. The three informational roles are monitor, disseminator, and spokesperson.
Decisional roles entail making decisions or choices. The four decisional roles are entrepreneur, disturbance handler, resource allocator, and negotiator.
management skills
Technical skills are the job-specific knowledge and techniques needed to proficiently perform specific tasks. These skills tend to be more important for lower-level managers because they typically are managing employees who are suing tools and techniques to produce the organization’s products or service the organization’s customers.
Human skills involve the ability to work well with other people both individually and in a group. Because managers deal directly with people, these skills are essential and equally important at all levels of management.
conceptual skills are the skills managers use to think and to conceptualize about abstract and complex situations. Using these skills, managers must see the organization as a whole, understand the relationships among various subunits, and visualize how the organization fits into its broader environment.
How the manager’s job is changing
what is an organization
An organization is a deliberate arrangement of people to accomplish some specific purpose.
Becoming a manager
1． Keep up with current business news.
2． Read books about good and bad examples of managing.
3． Remember that one of the things good managers do is discover what is unique about each
person and capitalize on it.
4． Keep in mind the simple advice of the late Peter Drucker, who has been called the most
influential management thinker of the twentieth century: management is about people.
5． work on your soft skills—work ethic, communications, information gathering, and people
skills. These are what employers cite as the most important factors for getting jobs.
6． observe managers and how they handle people and situations.
7． Talk actual managers about their experiences—good and bad.
8． Get experience in managing by taking on leadership roles in student organizations.
9． Start thinking about whether you’d enjoy being a manager.
大学生关于时间管理的作文英语【七】
利润具有短期性，利润是企业管理的自动结果。一味强调利润，会严重误导管理者，甚至可能危害到企业的生存，以至于为了今天的获利而破坏了企业的未来。公司的目标不应仅仅是利润，更重要的是，通过管理层的选择，确立正确的事业，不断营销和创新，战胜竞争对手，超越竞争对手，实现基业长青。由于企业的本质使然，必须建立多重目标。
任何一个其绩效和结果对企业的生存和兴旺有着直接和举足轻重影响的领域，都需要有目标。企业应该设定绩效和成果目标的领域共有8个：包括市场地位、创新、生产力、实物和财力资源、获利能力、管理者绩效和培养管理者、员工绩效和工作态度、社会责任。
销售额的绝对数字不代表什么意义（销售数字必须对照实际和潜在的市场趋势来看，才有意义），但市场地位本身却具有实质的重要性。
“每个笨蛋都懂得遵守预算，但是我这辈子见过的企业管理者中，只有极少数能拟出值得遵守的预算。”
