那次炎热夏季的对话,让我感悟了至今难忘的道理。
大赛将近,再加上夏天的闷热,令我心情十分不畅快,与师父下围棋时自然便很着急,下子落子十分草率,一会儿便到无子可下的境地。师父也看出了我的着急,便给我用新下的茶叶泡了一杯茶。
与师父对坐,师父说:“别太为比赛着急了,喝口茶吧。”我心情十分烦躁,一大口便喝了下去。苦涩、滚烫的茶液流入了我的咽喉,刺激得我将大半杯茶水喷了出来。我愤怒地对师父说:“师父,你怎么用这么烫的水泡茶啊!茶还这么苦。”师父微笑着摇了摇头,呷了一口茶,喝了下去。说:“真的很苦吗?是你没有静下心来,认真品味吧。”
师父的话让我不明其意,苦的就是苦的,再怎么也无法变成甜蜜的啊,我提出了我的问题,师傅说:“为什么你不静下心来,自己试试看呢?”
师父的话,让我很感兴趣,我像师父一样,闭上眼睛,渐渐地,我安静了下来,夏日鸣蝉的声音在我耳中不再是聒噪,而是变成了优美的鸣乐声,天气似乎也没那么闷了。端起茶杯,喝了一口茶。这次的茶初入口中,仍是苦涩的,然而,慢慢地,苦涩过后,有一阵阵的甘甜袭来,让我怡然、舒适。
我问:“师父,这究竟是为什么啊?”师父笑呵呵,慈祥地说道:“这就是为什么要静啊。”“那我静心的话,有什么益处呢?”师父说道:“静心,可以让你感受不曾发现的美好,便如这杯茶,若不是细品,谁会知道苦茶之后便是甘甜沁人呢。”
与师父对话,让我学会了静心。在那以后,我每每烦躁之时,便会想起那段对话,心便不由地静了下来,静心后,我便发现了很多隐藏的'美好,这次对话让我受益非浅。
上个月我去北京看望我的一个朋友,因为我们有将近两年没见,而我刚好有假期。这是我第一次游览北京,这座全中国人都向往的城市。我对北京的.所以认知都来自电视和书本,而现在我有机会亲自来看这个城市、来了解她。我多么地兴奋!
There were so many tourist areas in my plan list, like Tian’anmen Square, Forbidden City, the Great Wall, the Perking University and so on. However, due to my short holiday I only visit several places of my list, with my friend’s companion. I will take a long tour to Beijing next time if I have the chance.
在我的旅游计划表上,我罗列许多要去的地方,如天安门广场,紫禁城,长城,北京大学等等。然而由于假期太短,朋友只陪我参观了计划表上的几个地方而已。如果有机会,我下次一定会到这来个长期旅游。
1。 叙述的人称
英语的记叙文一般是以第一或第三人称的角度来叙述的。用第一称表示的是由叙述者亲眼所见、亲耳所闻的经历。它的优点在于能把故事的情节通过“我”来传达给读者,使人到真实可信,如身临其境。如:
The other day, I was driving along the street。 Suddenly, a car lost its control and ran directly towards me fast。 I was so frightened that I quickly turned to the left side。 But it was too late。 The car hit my bike and I fell off it。
用第三人称叙述,优点在于叙述者不受“我”活动范围以内的人和事物的限制,而是通过作者与读者之外的第三者,直接把故事中的情节展现在读者面前,文章的客观性很强。如:
Little Tom was going to school with an umbrella, for it was raining hard。 On the way, he saw an old woman walking in the rain with nothing to cover。 Tom went up to the old woman and wanted to share the umbrella with her, but he was too short。 What could he do? Then he had a good idea。
2。 动词的时态
在记叙文中,记和叙都离不开动词。所以动词出现率最高,且富于变化。记叙文中用得最多的是动词的过去的',这是英语记叙文区别于汉语记叙文的关键之处。英语写作的优美之处就在于这些动词时态的变化,正是这一点才使得所记、所叙有鲜活的动态感、鲜明的层次感和立体感。
3。 叙述的顺序
记叙一件事要有一定的顺序。无论是顺叙、倒叙、插叙还是补叙,都要让读者能弄清事情的来龙去脉。顺叙最容易操作,较容易给读者提供有关事情的空间和时间线索。但这种方法也容易使文章显得平铺直叙,读起来平淡乏味。倒叙、插叙、补叙等叙述方法能有效地提高文章的结构效果,让所叙之事跌宕起伏,使读者在阅读时思维产生较大的跳跃,从而为文章所吸引,深入其中。但这些方法如果使用不当,则容易弄巧成拙,使文章结构散乱,头绪不清,让读者不知所云。
4。 叙述的过渡
过渡在上下文中起着承上启下、融会贯通的作用。过渡往往用在地点转移或时间、事件转换以及由概括说明到具体叙述时。如:
In my summer holidays, I did a lot of things。 Apart form doing my homework, reading an English novel, watching TV and doing some housework, I went on a trip to Qingdao。 It is really a beautiful city。 There are many places of interest to see。 But what impressed me most was the sunrise。
The next morning I got up early。 I was very happy because it was a fine day。 By the time I got to the beach, the clouds on the horizon were turning red。 In a little while, a small part of the sun was gradually appearing。 The sun was very red, not shining。 It rose slowly。 At last it broke through the red clouds and jumped above the sea, just like a deep-red ball。 At the same time the clouds and the sea water became red and bright。
What a moving and unforgettable scene!
5。 叙述与对话
引用故事情节中主要人物的对话是记叙文提高表现力的一种好方法。适当地用直接引语代替间接的主观叙述,可以客观生动地反映人物的性格、品质和心理状态,使记叙生动、有趣,使文章内容更加充实、具体。试比较下面两段的叙述效果:
I was in the kitchen, and I was cooking something。 Suddenly I heard a loud noise from the front。 I thought maybe someone was knocking the door。 I asked who it was but I heard no reply。 After a while I saw my cat running across the parlor。 I realized it was the cat。 I felt released。
这本来应是一段故事性很强的文字,但经作者这么一写,就不那么吸引人了。原因是文中用的都是叙述模式,没有人物语言,把“悬念”给冲淡了。可作如下调整:
I was in the kitchen cooking something。 "Crash!" a loud noise came from the front。 Thinking someone was knocking at the door, I asked, "Who?" No reply。 After a while, I saw my cat running across the parlor。 "It's you。" I said, quite released。
Last Sunday, Jim went out to fly a kite. The kite flew highly in the sky. Jim ran with it happily.
Suddenly the line was broken and the kite flew away. Soon it disappeared. Where was it?
Jim had no idea. So he had to run here and there to look for the kite. At last he saw it on the top of the tree. He tried to get it down. But he couldn’t. He felt sad.
© 2022 zuowencangku.com,All Rights Reserved.