1。 叙述的人称
英语的记叙文一般是以第一或第三人称的角度来叙述的。用第一称表示的是由叙述者亲眼所见、亲耳所闻的经历。它的优点在于能把故事的情节通过“我”来传达给读者,使人到真实可信,如身临其境。如:
The other day, I was driving along the street。 Suddenly, a car lost its control and ran directly towards me fast。 I was so frightened that I quickly turned to the left side。 But it was too late。 The car hit my bike and I fell off it。
用第三人称叙述,优点在于叙述者不受“我”活动范围以内的人和事物的限制,而是通过作者与读者之外的第三者,直接把故事中的情节展现在读者面前,文章的客观性很强。如:
Little Tom was going to school with an umbrella, for it was raining hard。 On the way, he saw an old woman walking in the rain with nothing to cover。 Tom went up to the old woman and wanted to share the umbrella with her, but he was too short。 What could he do? Then he had a good idea。
2。 动词的时态
在记叙文中,记和叙都离不开动词。所以动词出现率最高,且富于变化。记叙文中用得最多的是动词的过去的',这是英语记叙文区别于汉语记叙文的关键之处。英语写作的优美之处就在于这些动词时态的变化,正是这一点才使得所记、所叙有鲜活的动态感、鲜明的层次感和立体感。
3。 叙述的顺序
记叙一件事要有一定的顺序。无论是顺叙、倒叙、插叙还是补叙,都要让读者能弄清事情的来龙去脉。顺叙最容易操作,较容易给读者提供有关事情的空间和时间线索。但这种方法也容易使文章显得平铺直叙,读起来平淡乏味。倒叙、插叙、补叙等叙述方法能有效地提高文章的结构效果,让所叙之事跌宕起伏,使读者在阅读时思维产生较大的跳跃,从而为文章所吸引,深入其中。但这些方法如果使用不当,则容易弄巧成拙,使文章结构散乱,头绪不清,让读者不知所云。
4。 叙述的过渡
过渡在上下文中起着承上启下、融会贯通的作用。过渡往往用在地点转移或时间、事件转换以及由概括说明到具体叙述时。如:
In my summer holidays, I did a lot of things。 Apart form doing my homework, reading an English novel, watching TV and doing some housework, I went on a trip to Qingdao。 It is really a beautiful city。 There are many places of interest to see。 But what impressed me most was the sunrise。
The next morning I got up early。 I was very happy because it was a fine day。 By the time I got to the beach, the clouds on the horizon were turning red。 In a little while, a small part of the sun was gradually appearing。 The sun was very red, not shining。 It rose slowly。 At last it broke through the red clouds and jumped above the sea, just like a deep-red ball。 At the same time the clouds and the sea water became red and bright。
What a moving and unforgettable scene!
5。 叙述与对话
引用故事情节中主要人物的对话是记叙文提高表现力的一种好方法。适当地用直接引语代替间接的主观叙述,可以客观生动地反映人物的性格、品质和心理状态,使记叙生动、有趣,使文章内容更加充实、具体。试比较下面两段的叙述效果:
I was in the kitchen, and I was cooking something。 Suddenly I heard a loud noise from the front。 I thought maybe someone was knocking the door。 I asked who it was but I heard no reply。 After a while I saw my cat running across the parlor。 I realized it was the cat。 I felt released。
这本来应是一段故事性很强的文字,但经作者这么一写,就不那么吸引人了。原因是文中用的都是叙述模式,没有人物语言,把“悬念”给冲淡了。可作如下调整:
I was in the kitchen cooking something。 "Crash!" a loud noise came from the front。 Thinking someone was knocking at the door, I asked, "Who?" No reply。 After a while, I saw my cat running across the parlor。 "It's you。" I said, quite released。
Sense and Sensibility was the first Jane Austen published. Though she initially called it Elinor and Marianne, Austen jettisoned both the title and the epistolary mode in which it was originally written, but kept the essential theme: the necessity of finding a workable middle ground between passion and reason. The story revolves around the Dashwood sisters, Elinor and Marianne. Whereas the former is a sensible, rational creature, her younger sister is wildly romantic--a characteristic that offers Austen plenty of scope for both satire and compassion. Commenting on Edward Ferrars, a potential suitor for Elinors hand, Marianne admits that while she "loves him tenderly," she finds him disappointing as a possible lover for her sister.
This article is from internet, only for studying!
我曾是那么的幼稚,以为靠近你,就能感受到你的无限温暖,沾染到你的些许光芒——你是辉煌的太阳,而我只是一粒微不足道的水珠!可是,当我靠真正走进你的时候,却发现力不从心!你那灿烂的光芒太过耀眼,你那热情的火焰太过灼人,你那庞大的气势太过恢宏,我无法靠近你。
但是,你就像磁铁吸引着我,想逃开,却又无法抗拒。就这样,我离开爱我、包容我的家园——海洋,义无反顾地飞向你。虽然,随时会有坠落万丈深渊的危险,随时会有粉身碎骨的担忧,随时会有被风吹散的灾难;虽然,时时刻刻思念着家乡,时时刻刻惦记着亲人……,但我只要听见你的呼唤,看见你的笑脸,闻到你的气味,我就不顾一切地奔向你的身边,我要,和你在一起!
家人在呼喊着我的名字,思念的泪水使海洋更加宽广。而我却笑着摇了摇头,身体已经飘然上升;风儿阻止我飞向你,狂风把我吹得摇摇欲坠,可我笑着摇摇头,依然不断地上升、上升;云儿告诉我,前途危险,靠近你会万劫不复,可我仍旧摇摇头,毅然前行。
终于,我来到了你的身边,一阵眩晕,还没有来得及和你说上一句话,还没有来得及看上你一眼,还没有来得及和你笑一笑,就被一阵阵炙热的光芒灼的很痛很痛,我那水做的身体瞬间就像影子一般散去,永远离开了你!
佛说,前世五百次的回眸换来今生一次的擦肩而过,千年的修炼换来与你同船的缘分,我愿意用今生一万次的擦肩而过换与你在一起的一秒钟!
但是,我连一秒钟和你在一起的缘分都不可能,我的追求又有什么意义呢?我那火热的心逐渐冷却下来,身体虽然早已四分五裂,化作了云气、化作尘雾,但我不懈地寻找它们,在离开太阳,逐渐下降的路程中,把破碎的身体修补好,把受伤的心灵医治好,我开始恢复原来的模样,我找到了回家的方向!
涛声阵阵,那是妈妈的呼唤吧,啊,蔚蓝大海就在眼前,我一头扎进了家的怀抱!
说到寒假,最开心的便是我们了。
瞧,那不是兰兰吗!一看那副“博学”大眼镜,就知道这人该有多么有“才”啊。说来也怪,一放假,向来个性有加的她居然能“屈从”老妈,将自己壮志凌云辛辛苦苦养了五年的长发,“咔嚓”一声,一瞬间就给弄没了,硬生生地把自己给弄成个假小子。我们问她怎么舍得,她却说:“小女子能屈能伸!没什么。”说着还把那利落的短发一甩。嘿,都快把我们给晕倒了!
“好了,今天我们去玩吧。”一向爱看书不爱玩的丁蒙今天也来了,“嘿嘿,太阳从西边出来了。”“好吧,那我们今天去踢毽子。现在可是最流行的。”“那咱们走吧!”在兰兰的发话下,我们一路狂奔。
来到一个不错的地方,我们说开始便开始。
首先由兰兰踢,她可真是真人不露相,当踢到第10下时,一只飞毛腿出现在我们眼前,超级21世纪新创武打动作完成了。这下可把我们乐得人仰马翻。
不过,一向自认毽技一流的蒙蒙出来了,她双手叉膘,嘴巴一扭,只听一声“看我的”,这下可令我们大开眼界,……100,101……直到120,我们个个目瞪口呆,更夸张的是兰兰,瞧,她早已向蒙蒙走去,正悄悄地在说话,嘿,想想都知道她在说什么。
足智多谋地莹莹发话了,她说:“我们还是抱种主式,让我们轮流踢?”“好啊,好啊,这我可是举双手加双脚赞成。这可是名的专长哦!”“来,来,让我们开始吧。这样吧,兰兰姐你先踢,你的毽技可不一般。”其实我早在心中暗笑了。
“你,我先就我先,看我的。”只见一不速之客向我飞来,还没等我反省,只见其他两个“哇”的一声,我回头一看,毽子居然早在我身后了。
“没什么,现在;轮到我中踢了,看你们再怎么笑我,准备好!”“咦,今天它怎么不听我的?”“喂,你的毽子怎么向下踢?”满脸鬼脸的莹莹偷笑着。“砰——”我踢的还是不错,只见莹莹也没办法接住,这回可轮到我笑了。
“哈哈,你们这帮人真丢面子,看我的!”还没等她踢,我们早已伸出拳头追去,“站住……”“救命,啊……”
快乐,在我们的头顶上空荡漾。
拥有如此快乐,谁能说这不是幸福呢?
Jane Eyre is a first-person narrative of the title character, a small, plain-faced, intelligent and honest English orphan. The novel goes through five distinct stages: Janes childhood at Gateshead, where she is abused by her aunt and cousins; her education at Lowood School, where she acquires friends and role models but also suffers privations; her time as the governess of Thornfield Manor, where she falls in love with her Byronic employer, Edward Rochester; her time with the Rivers family at Marshs End (or Moor House and Morton, where her cold clergyman-cousin St John Rivers proposes to her; and her reunion with and marriage to her beloved Rochester at his house of Ferndean. Partly autobiographical, the novel abounds with social criticism and sinister gothic elements.
"Little peas in the window" reads 200 words.
I finished reading the little peas in the window, and I felt a great deal about it. He was a bad boy in the eyes of most parents and teachers. The teachers hated her and thought she was noisy and disobedient. However, when it came to the park, everything was different. The headmaster was not as strict as the other teachers.
It seemed like an incredible thing to do in the tram, but the headmaster did it, and he didnt get impatient when he talked for more than four hours. When he saw the small doudou cesspit of things into a hill, he didnt lose his temper, not scold her not obedient, just light said 1: "remember back after finish."
Who doesnt like such a school?
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