社会生活类作文优美句子

社会生活类作文优美句子

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社会生活类作文优美句子

社会生活类作文优美句子【一】

Ⅰ单项选择

1.thehouseonfire,hedialed119.

A.ToseeB.SeeingC.HavingseenD.Beingseen

2.Ifelldownandbrokethreeofmyteeth.IwonderhowmanytimesIhavetocomehereandgetmyfalseteeth.

A.fixB.fixingC.fixedD.tofix

3.We'retolistentoher_voice.It'stohearhersing.

A.pleased;pleasing;pleasureB.pleased;pleasant;apleasure

C.pleasing;pleased;apleasureD.pleasing;pleasant;pleasure

4.somestamps.

A.Passed,buyingB.Passing,tobuyC.Havingpassed,buyD.Pass,tobuy

5.withthesizeofthewholeearth,thehighestmountaindoesnotseemhighatall.

A.ComparingB.TocompareC.ComparedD.Havingcompared

6.Herearesomenewcomputerprogramsforhomebuildings.

A.designingB.designC.designedD.todesign

7.alittlemoney,Jimmywasabletobuyhismotheralovelynewlamp.

A.TosaveB.SavingC.SavedD.Havingsaved

8.Theteachercameintotheclassroombyhisstudents.

A.followingB.tobefollowingC.followedD.havingfollowed.

9.Withthemoney,hecouldn'tbuyanyticket.

A.toloseB.losingC.lostD.haslost

10.Therewassomuchnoiseintheroomthatthespeakercouldn'tmakehimself.

A.beingheardB.hearingC.heardD.hear

11.Theresultofthetestwasrather.

A.disappointedB.disappointingC.beingdisappointedD.disappoint

12.I'veneverheardthewordinspokenEnglish.

A.useB.usedC.usingD.touse

13.howtodothehomework,Iwenttoaskmyteacherforhelp.

A.NottoknowB.NotknowingC.KnowingnotD.Notknown

14.Deeply,Ithankedheragainandagain.

A.beingmovingB.movedC.movingD.tobemoved

15.Withwinteron,it'stimetobuywarmclothes.

A.cameB.comesC.comeD.coming

16.theoffice,theforeignvisitorswereshownroundtheteachingbuilding.

A.HavingshownB.ShowingC.HasshownD.Havingbeenshown

17.Hewentfromdoortodoor,wastepapersandmagazines.

A.gatheringB.gatheredC.gatherD.beinggathered

18.Thestudentcorrectedhispapercarefully,theprofessor'ssuggestions.

A.followB.followingC.followedD.beingfollowed

19.Thepricewillsaveyouonedollarforeachdozen.

A.reduceB.reducingC.reducedD.reduces

20.Peopleinthecitydonotknowthepleasureofcountrylife.

A.liveB.toliveC.livedD.living

21.Theforeignertriedhisbest,buthestillcouldn'tmakehispoint

A.understandB.understandingC.tounderstandD.understood

22.Thescientistswerewaitingtoseetheproblem

A.settleB.settledC.tosettleD.settling

23.Thelibrary'sstudyroomisfullofstudentsfortheexam.

A.busilypreparedB.busypreparingC.busilyprepareD.arebusilypreparing

24.Thegroundiswithleaves.

A.covering,fallingB.covered,fallingC.covered,fallenD.covering,fallen

25.Lessonseasilyweresoonforgotten.

A.tolearnB.learnC.learnedD.learning

26.Thewalletseveraldaysagowasfoundinthedustbinoutsidethebuilding.

A.stolen,hiddenB.stealing,hidingC.stealing,hiddenD.stolen,hiding

27.Apersonaforeignlanguagemustbeabletousetheforeignlanguageown.

A.tolearn,toforgetB.learning,toforgetC.tolearn,forgettingD.learning,forgetting

28.differentkindsofpianos,theworkersfartherimprovedtheirquality.

A.ToproduceB.BeingproducedC.ProducedD.Havingproduced

29.Thestudentsintheuniversityarealltakingcoursesadegree.

A.comingtoB.goingtoC.leadingtoD.turningto

30.Manythingsimpossibleinthepastareverycommontoday.

A.considerB.consideringC.consideredD.beconsidered

31.manytimes,hestillcouldn'tunderstand.

A.HavingbeentoldB.HavingtoldC.HehavingbeentoldD.telling

32.Theoldsickladyenteredthehospital,hertwosons.

A.tosupportB.supportingC.supportedbyD.havingsupported

33.Chinaisoneofthelargestcountriesintheworld,9.6millionsquarekilometres.

A.tocoverB.coveredC.coversD.covering

34."Wemustkeepasecretofthethingsatthemanincharge

oftheinformationoffice.

A.discussed,staredseriouslyB.beingdiscussed,seriouslystaring

C.tobediscussed,seriouslystaredD.discussed,stared

35.ThevisitingMinisterexpressedhissatisfactionwiththetalks,

A.havingaddedB.toaddC.addingD.added

36."Canyouread?"Marysaidtothenotice.

A.angrilypointingB.andpointangrilyC.angrilypointedD.andangrilypointing

37.thecomposition,Johnhandedittotheteacherandwentoutoftheroom.

A.WritingB.HavingwrittenC.WrittenD.Beingwritten

38.Wereyouwhenyousawthatwildanimal?

A.frightB.frighteningC.frightenedD.frighten

39.Properlywithnumbers,thebookscanbeeasilyfound.

A.markedB.markC.tomarkD.marking

40.Thechildsatinthedentist'schair.

A.trembleB.tremblingC.trembledD.totrembled

41.Atthismomentthebellrang

A.announceB.announcingC.announcedD.toannounce

42.Hewalkeddownthehills,softlytohimself.

A.singB.singingC.sungD.tosing

43.Ihadtoshouttomakemyselfabovethenoise.

A.heardB.hearingC.heardD.tohear

44.Thegraduatingstudentsarebusymaterialfortheirreports.

A.collectB.tocollectC.collectedD.collecting

45.ThecarsinBeijingareasgoodasthoseinShanghai.

A.produce,produceB.produced,produced

C.produced,producingD.producing,producing

46.WhenIcamein,IsawDr.Liapatient.

A.examineB.examiningC.toexamineD.examined

47.asatisfactoryoperation,thepatientrecoveredfromillnessveryquickly.

A.HavingbeengivenB.HavinggivenC.GivingD.Beinggiven

48.asatisfactoryoperation,thedoctorbelievedthepatientwouldrecoverfromhisillness

verysoon.

A.HavingbeengivenB.HavinggivenC.GivingD.Beinggiven

49.HewrotealettertomethathistriptoJapanhadbeenputoffbecauseofthebadweather.

A.informB.informingC.informedD.beinginformed

50.Hereadsnewspaperseverydaytokeephimself__aboutwhat'sgoingonintheworld.

A.informB.informingC.informedD.beinginformed

Ⅱ.用适当的非谓语动词形式填空

1.Shecaughtthestudent(cheatinexams.

2.WhenIgotthere,Ifoundhim(repairfarmtools.

3.WhenIgotthere,Ifoundthefarmtools.(repair

4.Justthenheheardsomeone

5.Heworkedsohardthathegothispay

6.Themissingboyswerelastseen(playneartheriver.

7.His__________(frightenexpressionmadehiswife__________(surprise.

8.Theworkershadthemachines(runallnightlongtofinishtheworkontime.

9.Peopleinthesouthhavetheirhouses(makeofbamboo.

10.(loseinthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.

Ⅲ.改写下列句子,其划线部分应改为分词短语

1.Gentlemenalwaysshakehands

2.Acoldrainwasfalling.

3.Theoldmanwalkedslowly.

4.Theground

5.Thereisatalltree

社会生活类作文优美句子【二】

非谓语动词系列训练(二)

一:在句子意思不变的情况下用分词或不定式改写下列句子:

1.Whenhesawfromthetopofthemountain,heviewedabeautifulcity.

-----___________fromthetopofthemountain,heviewedabeautifulcity.(用分词

2.Whenitwasseenfromtheofthemountain,thecitylookslikeagarden.(用分词------_____________fromtheofthemountain,thecitylookslikeagarden.city.(用分词

3.Whenhewasaskedwhyhewentthere,hesaidhewassenttheretobetrainedforaspaceflight.

-------When________whyhewentthere,hesaidhewassenttheretobetrainedforaspaceflight.(用分词

4.DoyouknowtheboywhoknowsJapanese?

-----Doyouknowtheboy___________Japanese?(用分词

5.DoyouknowtheboywhoiscalledTom.

----Doyouknowtheboy________Tom.-(用分词

6.Thisisthemanwhoorganizedtheactivity.

Thisistheman________________theactivity.(用分词

7.Hefollowedhisstudentsandcamein.

------Hecamein,____________hisstudents(用分词

8.Hecameinandwasfollowedbyhisstudents

-----Hecamein,____________byhisstudents(用分词

9.Thewomanwhowasdressedinablueskirtdeliveredaspeechtous.

----Thewoman_____________inablueskirtdeliveredaspeechtous.(用分词

10.Becauseheisaphysicist,hecouldwellexplainedhowtodotheresearch.

----_______aphysicist,hecouldwellexplainedhowtodotheresearch.(用分词

11.Hewasbornonthe18thofJanuary,1979inTaiwan,andhewasraisedbyhismotherandwasshyandquietduringhischildhood.

-----____________onthe18thofJanuary,1979inTaiwan,andhewasraisedbyhismotherandwasshyandquietduringhischildhood.(用分词

12.Theflowershisfriendgavehimwilldieunlessitiswateredeveryday.

---Theflowershisfriendgavehimwilldieunless____________everyday.(用分词

13.Whenwewerewalkingdogs,wecameacrossafamousprofessor.

------When____________dogs,wecameacrossafamousprofessor.(用分词

14.Hedonatedover10billiondollarsinorderthathecouldsponsoreducation,culture,sports,andpublicwelfareintheearth-strickenarea.

-----Hedonatedover10billiondollars_____________education,culture,sports,andpublicwelfareintheearth-strickenarea.(用不定式

15Afterhehadfinishedhishomework,heplayedthepiano.

-----____________hishomework,heplayedthepiano.

16.Afterthebridgehadbeencompleted,itwentthroughahardtimebecauseofthebadweather.

----______________________,itwentthroughahardtimebecauseofthebadweather.

17ItissaidthatBellinventedthetelephone.

18.Bellissaid__________thetelephone.(用不定式

19.Idon’tdecidewhatIshoulddo.

Idon’tdecidewhat__________(用不定式

20.Ithappenedthathehadbeeninvited

----Hehappened_____________

21.Hewassoyoungthathecouldnotgotoschool.Hewastooyoung__________toschool.

22.Whenthetestwasfinished,webeganourholiday.

-----Thetest__________,webeganourholiday.(用独立主格结构

23.Astimegoesby,hebecomsawareofit.

Withtime________by,hebecomesawareofthesignificantofit.

24.Themoon,whichtravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth,isanaturalsatelliteoftheearth.

----Themoon,___________roundtheearthonceeverymonth,isanaturalsatelliteoftheearth.

25.Thoughhehadbeentoldseveraltimes,hedidn’tunderstandme.

-----_______severaltimes,hedidn’tunderstandme.

26.Aftertheproblemwassolved,hetookarest.

----Withtheproblem____________,hetookarest.

27.Iftimepermits,wewill

28.Helaythere,hishandclenched,hiseyeslookingstraightup.

---Helaythere,hishand_______,hiseyeslookingstraightup

29.IoncereadabookcalledMan,WomanandChild,whichenabledmetounderstandtheloveinafamily.

------IoncereadabookcalledMan,WomanandChild,______________metounderstandtheloveinafamily.(用分词

30.Therearemanyplacesofinterest,amongwhichistheYunjimountain,whosesceneryisverybeautiful,whichattractslotsoftouristsfromdifferentplaceseveryyear.

------Therearemanyplacesofinterest,amongwhichistheYunjimountain,whosesceneryisverybeautiful,____________lotsoftouristsfromdifferentplaceseveryyear.(用分词

二:非谓语动词完成句子练习

therewasnodoctoravailable.(only

,playingcardsathomeortakingawalkinthepark?(spend

.(think

包括三名儿童).(child

5.根据他的话判断),hedidwellinhisexam.(judge

theTangDynasty.(date

7.Thisisanarticle(由五部分组成)fiveparts.(consist

fiveparts.(make

assoonaspossible.(solve

boredalotoffanstodeath.(concern

,lcannotobjecttoyourmarriage.(concern

子)atschool?(keep)

(躲在木箱里)behindthedoor.(hide

,wehadtowalkhomelastnight.(be.

inthebroaddaylightyesterday.(rob

(满是脚印).(mark

(石油价格上涨),theeconomyofthatcountryisslowingdown.(go

18.Whenthenationalflagisbeinghoisted,allthestudentsstandatattention,.(fix

him,Idecidedtowriteagain.(hear

20.Hedoesn’tseemtomindbyothers.(make

nextweekisofgreatimportance.(hold

isveryimportant.(hold

isofgreatimportance.(hold

theThirdWorld.(belong

(致力于研究),theprofessorpaidlittleattentiontohissurroundings.(devote

inthemorning.(come

(为了确保那孩子尽快康复),fivedoctorstookturnslookingafterhimdayandnight.(ensure

,theoldmanstruggledtohisfeet.(help

,theparentsweretakentothediningroom.(show)

(.support)

.(drop)

,Iamnotfamiliarwiththiskill.(tell

(为了不被注意)byothers.(notice

三:合并下列句子

1.Theannualschoolsportsmeetingwasheldyesterday.Itpresentedamarvelousopeningceremony.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2.Aftertheopeningceremony,wesatinthebaseofourclass.Wewaitedpatientlyforthebeginningoftherace.

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3.Someofmyclassmatesworkveryhard,andtheyhopetofulfilltheirdream.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4..MyfriendChristinetookpartinthe800-meterrace.Shehadreceivedtrainingmanytimes,soshekeptcalmbeforetherace.After400meters,thoughshelookedtired,shestilltriedherbesttorun.Wescreamedandbeatthedrumwhenwesawshepassedby.Shewonthemedal,andwewereproudofit.(把短文中的从句或并列句改成非谓语动词

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

四:语篇填空用所给动词的适当形式填空。(一)

Freudwasoneofthefirstscientists[1]_________(make)seriousresearchofthemind.Themindisthecollectionofactivities[2]_________(base)inthebrainthatinvolvehowweact,think,feelandreason.Heusedlongtalkswithpatientsandthestudyofdreams[3]___________(search)forthecausesofmentalandemotionalproblems.Healsotriedhypnosis(催眠.Hewantedtoseeif[4]________(put)patientsintoasleep-likeconditionwouldhelpease

[5]________(trouble)minds.Inmostcaseshefoundtheeffectsonlytemporary.Freudworkedhard,althoughwhathedidmightsoundeasy.Hismethodinvolved[6]________(sitwithhispatientsand[7]________(listen)tothemtalk.Hehadthem[8]________(talk)aboutwhatevertheywerethinking.Allideas,thoughtsandanythingthatenteredtheirmindhadto

[9]___________(express).Therecouldbeno[10]________(hold)backbecauseoffearorguilt.基础写作:最近,你就读的学校——广东实验中学高中部将举办开放日。你将作为学校的

学生代表向前来参观的英语老师介绍高中校区的基本情况,请准备好你的解说词,文章的开头和结尾已为你写好。(学会用非谓语动词表达)

?位置交通:位于广州市西部,荔湾区;出行便利,步行到地铁站约10分钟。?学校历史:逾120年的悠久历史;现高中校区于2004年竣工并投入使用。?校园环境:占地面积约125,000平方米;植物繁茂,绿树成荫,环境优美。?校园设施:课室宽敞明亮,配备齐全;拥有标准运动设施,

其中综合体育馆可用于举办比赛、会议和典礼。

?师生情况:目前学生约3000人,教师约200人;全体师生正在

为学校更美好的明天共同奋斗。

?【写作要求】

?只能用5个句子表达全部内容。?【评分标准】?句子结构准确,信息内容完整,篇章结构连贯。

Goodmorning,teachers!WelcometoGuangdongExperimentalHighSchool!.....

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

非谓语动词练习答案

1.Seeing2.Seen(原句有误,请改成Whenitwasseenfromthetopofthemountain,thecityisbeautiful(用分词3.asked4.knowing5.called6.organizing7.following8.followed9.dressed10.Being11.Born12.watered13.walking14.tosponsor15.Havingfinished16.Havingbeencompleted1718..tohaveinvented

19.todo20.tohavebeeninvited21.togo22finished23.going24.travelling25.HavingbeentoldTold26.solved27.permitting28.clenched29.enabling30.attracting

二:非谓语动词完成句子练习

Keys:

1.onlytobetold(that2.tospendyourspare/freetime

3.thinkingabout4.includingthreechildren/threechildrenincluded

5.Judgingfrom/byhiswords/whathesaid

6.datingbackto/from(whichdatesbackto/from

7.consistingof/whichconsistsof

8.madeupof/whichismadeupof9.tosolvetheproblem

10.concerningthefootballmatch11.As/SofarasIamconcerned

12.(inkeepingfivechildren13.hiddeninawoodenbox

14.Therebeingnobus15.tohavebeenrobbed

16.Seenfromthetopof17.Seeingfromthetopof

18.Tosee19.markedwithfootprints

20.thepriceofoilgoingup21.fixedon/uponthenationalflag

22.with(bothhishandstied23.Nothavingheardfrom

24.(hisbeingmadefunof25.tobeheld

社会生活类作文优美句子【三】

改写句子

改写句子:侧重于改变原句的形式。句式的改变或要求的其他形式的改变。

常见的考题类型:

1、把字句和被字句

2、反问句与陈述句

3、直述句与转述句(及直接引语与间接引语)

4、扩句、缩句

5、双重否定句与肯定句

6、将句子改成感叹句、拟人句、夸张句、比喻句

7、用关联词把两个句子合并成一个句子

8、将原句用上文明用语

改写句子的类型和方法:

一、陈述句与反问句互改

一般来说,做陈述句与反问句的互改时,有几句口诀:

1、反问句改成陈述句:

(1)去掉疑问词

(如:难道、吗、怎么、呢……);

(2)有“不”去“不”,无“不”加“不”

(如:字典不正是我无声的朋友和老师吗?改成:字典正是我无声的朋友和老师。);

(3)把“?”改成“。”

2、陈述句改成反问句:

(1)加上疑问词

(如:难道、吗、怎么、呢……);

(2)有“不”去“不”,无“不”加“不”

(如:功课没做完,不能去看电影。改成:功课没做完,怎么能去看电影呢?);

(3)把“。”改成“?”

二、缩句

缩写句子就是去掉修饰、限制和补充说明的成分,保留主要成分,(即谁干什么?什么是什么?什么怎么样?)但不改变句子的主要意思。

缩写句子是有技巧和方法的:

1、“的”前的修饰都删去

2、“地”前的限制要删去

3、“得”后的补充说明删去

如“海力布着急得没办法。”中“没办法”是对“着急”的程度进行补充说明的,它也要删去。这句话缩写为“海力布着急。”

4、方位词语删去

如:“在……上”“在……里”“在……中”等。

5、时间词语删去

如:“有一天”、“……的时候”、“……的一天”等。

6、数量词语照样删

7、“着、了、过”不能删

8、抓住主干来缩简

句子的主干,即“谁干什么?”“什么是什么?”“什么怎么样?”

三、引述句(直接引语)和转述句(间接引语)的互换

1、标点符号的改变

引述句改为转述句,冒号和引号要改为逗号。转述句改引述句,要加上冒号和引号。

感叹号、问号改成句号。

2、感叹词(啊、呢、呀、吧、嗨、唉、呦……)去掉

表示程度的词“多、真、太”改成“很、十分、非常”。

3、人称的变化

①引述句改为转述句时,把“我”改为“他”或“她”。

把“你”改成听话人的名字或“我”。

②转述句改为引述句时,把“他”或“她”改为“我”,

听话人的名字改成“你”。

句中的“他”一定是指说话的那个人。引号外的人称(就是说话人)不能改变

3、提示语在中间或在句末的句子,把提示语调整到句首可按以上方法进行改动。

如:

①“……。”×××说,“我……。”

②“……。”×××对×××说。

以上两种形式都应变成:×××说:“……。”

4、句型的变化:

①原本的疑问句变陈述句,改成“是否……,是不是……,不知道……,有没有……,为什么……”等句型。②原来是祈使句(即让“别人”干某事的句型)则要在“别人”前面加上“让、命令、指挥、请、叫”等词。

5、要改变的词:

原句中的“这、这里、这儿、这些、这个”等要改成“那、哪里、那些、那儿”等。

原句中的“来”要改成“去”。

改句分清句子成分:

从句法结构的关系意义出发,对句子作成分功能或作用分析的方法叫句子成分分析法,

即用各种方法标出基本成分(主语、谓语、宾语)和次要成分(状语、补语)。

句子成分有六种——主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、补语。

汉语句子成分口诀:

主谓宾、定状补,主干枝叶分清楚。

定语必居主宾前,谓前为状谓后补。

状语有时位主前,逗号分开心有数。

四、修改病句:

1、常见病句类型:

(1)用词不当。如:狮子是一种猛烈的动物。

(2)搭配不当。如:战士们冒着大雨和泥泞继续前进。

(3)成分残缺。如:我们要学习白求恩毫不利已,专门利人。

(4)重复罗嗦。如:他经常一贯保持艰苦朴素的作风。

(5)自相矛盾。如:他笑嘻嘻的脸上露出了严肃的神情。

(6)词序混乱。如:厂长介绍了许多陈师傅的先进事迹。

(7)指代不明。如:小强和小明放学了,他告诉他作业已做完了。

(8)分类不当。如:菜市场里有冬瓜、西瓜、苦瓜等许多蔬菜。

(9)不合情理。如:一串红在春风中微笑。

2、怎么样修改病句:

(1)认真地读原句,弄清楚句子要表达的是什么意思。

(2)找出有毛病的地方,根据病因修改,不能改变原句的意思

(3)再读改后的句子,看句子是否完整、通顺、合情理。

五、双重否定句。

常见的句式如:“不能不”“不得不”“不是不”

“无不”

“没有??不??”

“没有??否认??”

“非??不

可??”等。

六、常见的几种关联词。

1、并列关系;既??又??;不是??而是??;

2、因果关系;因为??所以??;??之所以;

3、条件关系;只要??就??;只有??才??;

无论??都??;不管??总??

4、转折关系;虽然??但是??;尽管??还是

5、假设关系;如果??就??;即使??也??;

6、选择关系;不是??就是??;是??还是??;缩写句子

一、缩写句子:就是去掉句子中起修饰、限制作用的“枝叶”,保留使句子意思完整的“主干”部分,把句子变成一个最简单的句子。

换句话说,“主干”就是把所有的定语、状语、补语都压缩了之后余下的部分。

缩写句子就是把结构比较复杂的句子,去掉其修饰、限制和补充说明的成分,保留主要成分,但不改变句子的主要意思。缩写句子的训练,可以让我们更清楚地认识句子的基本结构,更好地理解和掌握句子的主要意思。

二、缩句的对与错,优与劣的标准:

一是不改变原句的意思。

二是不改变原句的结构。“凶恶的敌人被英勇的红军消灭了”如果缩为“红军消灭了敌人”就不行。

三是不留下多余的枝叶。如把“精彩的表演在热烈的掌声中结束”缩为“表演在掌声中结束”就多了“在掌声中”这个枝叶。

四是缩写后仍然是句子。

三、缩句的要求:

1.缩句后主要成分必须是词或词组

例如:“大熊猫贪婪地吃着鲜嫩的竹叶。”不能缩成“熊猫吃叶”,而应缩成“大熊猫吃着竹叶”。

因为“大熊猫”和“竹叶”是完整的概念,“熊猫”和“大熊猫”的外延并不一致。“叶”在这里是语素而不是词,“竹叶”才是词。

2.保留必要的成分

例如:“我班先进学生经常主动热情地帮助后进学生”。如果缩成:“学生帮助学生”则意思模糊,只能缩成“先进学生帮助后进学生”。

保留了“先进”和“后进”两个附加成分,意思就清楚明确了。

3.“着”、“了”、“过”要保留“着”字用在动词后面表示动作正在进行

如:“同学们上着课”,如果缩成“同学们上课”,就没说清楚是现在上课还是以前上课。“了”字用在动词后面表示动作已经完成。

如:“赵老师给我们上了一堂难忘的科学课。”应当缩成“赵老师上了科学课。”若缩成“赵老师上课。”是正

在上,还是上完了?不知道。“过”字用在动词后面表示动作已经过去。

如:“我曾经游览过美丽的`桂林。”如果缩成“我游览桂林。”是正在游览,还是曾经游览?没有说清楚。由此可见,谓语后面的“着”、“了”、“过”不能去掉的。

4.复指成分应完整地保留

例如:“我们应当遵守自己过去许下的诺言。”应当缩成“我们遵守自己的诺言”。若缩成“我们遵守诺言。”意思是不完整的。

5.表示方位的词组应该完整地去掉

例如:“我们在清澈的河水里游泳。”应当缩成“我们游泳。”不能缩成“我们在游泳”,

此外,像“在……下”、“在……里”“在……外”“在……中”等句子中表示方位的词组作状语时,都不能保留“在”字,应该同后面的状语一起完整地去掉。

6.补语的处理

首先,动词谓语后面的补语一般应保留中心词;

其次,形容词后面的补语一般删去。

如“发表后的张小南高兴得跳起来”,可缩成“张小南高兴”。

7.不改变句子的语气

句子的语气不能改变,如“莫非他想在这里安安稳稳地睡上半天吗?”应缩成“莫非他想睡吗?”

四、缩句的常见情况及应对技巧:

缩写句子常连带扩写,仿写和修改句子考查。

1.缩句常出现的有两种情况:

第一种,去掉全部枝叶,只保留主干。如:“精彩的表演在一片热烈的掌声中结束。”缩为:“表演结束”。第二种,去掉大部分枝叶,保留主干和小部分枝叶。

保留的枝叶有:

①否定句中的否定词。

如“我绝对不同意你的这种无理要求”。缩为“我不同意你的要求”。“不”必须保留。

②“把”字句和“被”字句中的“把”和“被”以及它们连带的重要词语。

如:他把我漂亮的水杯带来了。缩为他把我的水杯带来了。把修饰词去掉,谁:他,干什么:把我的水杯带来了。

③疑问句子中表达疑问的词语要保留。

如“五年级的运动员为什么会在运动会上夺走了好几项冠军呢?”缩为“运动员为什么夺走了冠军呢?”

2.缩句步骤:

a.弄懂句子的意思;

b.找出主要部分,谁是什么;谁干什么;谁怎么样;

c.检查对错优劣。是否缩写成了最简单的句子,是否保留了句子的主干。

3.缩句方法:

①分辨句式,提出问题。

先看看这句话是写人还是写景物的,然后可以提出“主”“谓”“宾”来找出句子的主要部分。

如:“满头白发的老奶奶拄着拐杖,焦急而又耐心地等待着周总理的灵车。”

这是一个长句,我们就可以提问:主——老奶奶;谓——等待灵车。缩句后就成为:“老奶奶等待着灵车。”又如:“这毛茸茸的在地上流动着的小绒球原来是刚孵出来的小鸡。”

我们可提问:主——小绒球;谓——是小鸡。缩句后就成为:“小绒球是小鸡。”

②进行词语比较,找出主要词语。

有些句子很长,修饰的部分较多,我们就要在几个词语中选出主要的,才能正确地缩句。

如“工人宿舍前的草地上开满了五颜六色的野花。”

因为“野花”只能开在“草地上”。所以“草地上”是主要词,而“工人宿舍前”是修饰“草地”的。③如果是否定句缩句,就要把否定词一起写出来,否则就会改变句意。

如“我不相信他那种骗人的鬼话。”应缩成“我不相信鬼话”,而不能缩成“我相信鬼话”。④将形容词,修饰词删去。

五、缩写句子练习:

1.打柴的孩子吃力地背着满满一背篼柴火。

2.雄伟的大坝凝聚着人民群众的热情。

3.我们在道边高声诵读凿在石壁上的古人的题句。

4.北京自然博物馆的古生物大厅里,陈列着一具大象的骨架。

5.巨大的吊车轻松自如地提起千斤重物。

6.像炸弹头的震捣器发出“嗡嗡”的吼声。

7.微风吹拂着千万条才展开嫩叶的柳丝。

8.将军的脸色顿时严峻起来。

9.冻僵的老战士神态十分镇定。

10.一位船员在一所普通的乡村小学上了一节他终生难忘的语文课。

社会生活类作文优美句子【四】

我有办法称出大象的重量。

我难道没有办法称出大象的重量吗?

我不可能没有办法称出大象的重量。

为了避免暴露,他们决定暂时断绝通讯联系。

难道为了避免暴露,他们不决定暂时断绝通讯联系吗?

为了避免暴露,他们决定暂时断绝通讯联系。

我听说李晓为了帮助一位盲人昨天很晚才回家。

我难道没有听说李晓为了帮助一位盲人昨天很晚才回家吗?

我不是没有听说李晓为了帮助一位盲人昨天很晚才回家。

(2)把下面的句子改写成肯定句

如果现在的人看见月缺花残还要下泪,那不能不说他是个糊涂虫。

如果现在的人看见月缺花残还要下泪,那他是个糊涂虫。

每一个访问埃及的`外国人,怎会不去看一看金字塔呢?

每一个访问埃及的外国人,会去看一看金字塔。

我暗暗叮嘱自己,这两天非要给他们姐弟俩买到两张电影票不可。

我暗暗叮嘱自己,这两天一定要给他们姐弟俩买到两张电影票。

(3)把下列两句话合成一句话

我请马老师。马老师讲故事。

我请马老师讲故事。

渔夫叫桑娜。桑娜去抱西蒙的孩子。

渔夫叫桑娜去抱西蒙的孩子。

老板娘叫我。我收拾一条鱼。

老板娘叫我收拾一条鱼。

同学们选举他。他当少先队员代表。

同学们选举他当少先队员代表。

妈妈买补品。补品送给奶奶。

妈妈买补品送给奶奶。

(4)把下面的反问句改写成陈述句

大家都能办到的事,难道我就不能办到吗?

大家都能办到的事,我也能办到吗。

雷锋精神怎么会过时呢?

雷锋精神不会过时。

知识是无止境的,我们有什么理由骄傲自满,故步自封呢?

知识是无止境的,我们没有理由骄傲自满,故步自封。

冬天来了,春天还会远吗?

冬天来了,春天就不会远了。

社会生活类作文优美句子【五】

一般疑问句、否定句

1.Lindaoftendoesherhomeworkafterschool.(改为一般疑问句

________Lindaoften________herhomeworkafterschool?

2.Marysentherfriendacardtowishhimahappybirthday.(改为一般疑问句

Maryherfriendacardtowishhimahappybirthday?

3.Hisfatherknowssomethingabouthowtocreatecomicstrips.(改为否定句

Hisfather_________know_________abouthowtocreatecomicstrips.

4.MyhusbandhasneversentflowerstohismotheronMother’sDay.(改为一般疑问句_________yourhusband_________sentflowerstohismotheronMother’sDay?

5.Weshalldonatemoneyandclothestothosewhoneedhelp.(改为一般疑问句)____________we___________moneyandclothestothosewhoneedhelp?

6.Iwanttosendthisletterbyexpressmail.(改为一般疑问句

__________you__________tosendthisletterbyexpressmail?

7.BothmysisterandIlikereadingcomicstrips.(改为否定句

_______ofus_______readingcomicstrips.

8.Mary’sfathertoldherhowtosolvetheproblemimmediately.(改为否定句

Mary’sfather__________________herhowtosolvetheproblemimmediately.

9.TheGreeksoldierscapturedtheTrojansthroughatrickatlast.(改为一般疑问句

____________theGreeksoldiers____________theTrojansthroughatrickatlast?

10.Martinhastowalktoschoolearlyinthemorning.(改为否定句)

Martin____________towalktoschoolearlyinthemorning.

11.Kittyhaspianolessonsatweekends.(改为一般疑问句

Kittypianolessonsatweekends?

12.Theremovalmanputthewashingmachinenexttothefridge.(改为否定句

Theremovalman________________thewashingmachinenexttothefridge

13.Peterhasalreadyfinishedhisproject.(改为否定句

Peter________finishedhisproject________.

14.Bothofthetwinslikepopmusic.(改为否定句

______ofthetwins______popmusic.

15.KatehasalreadyboughtacatfromMr.Wo’spetshop.(改为否定句

Kate__________boughtacarfromMr.Wo’spetshop__________.

16.Samdrovetoworkyesterdaymorning.(改为否定句

Sam__________________toworkyesterdaymorning.

17.Brucehastolookafterhislittlebrotheratweekends.(改为一般疑问句

_________Bruce_________tolookafterhislittlebrotheratweekends?18.Mylittlesondidsomereadingbeforegoingtobedlastnight.(改为一般疑问句)___________yourlittleson_____________anyreadingbeforegoingtobed?

同义句

1.Theolderhegets,themoreforgetfulhebecomes.(保持原句意思)

Hebecomesmoreforgetful________________.

2.Sarahcan’tunderstandtheFrenchfilm.Cindycan’tunderstandit,either.(合并为一句

________Sarah________CindycanunderstandtheFrenchfilm.Itwas________cold________thedrivercouldn’tgettheenginestarted.3.Itwastoocoldforthedrivertogettheenginestarted.(保持句意基本不变

4.Alicedoessportsafterschool.Bendoessportsafterschool,too.(保持句意不变)Alicedoesportsafterschool.____________Ben.

5.Thefirewassofierce(凶猛的thatnobodycouldenterthebuildingtorescuepeople.(保持句意基本不变

Thefirewas_________fiercefor_________toenterthebuildingtorescuepeople.

6.Maryfinishedherwork.Thenshewenthome.(合并为一句)

Mary___________gohome_________shefinishedherwork.

7.Ifyouareverycareful,youwillmakefewmistakes(保持句意基本不变

The__________carefulyouare,the__________mistakesyouwillmake.

8.Nancydoesn’twanttoownacar.Alandoesn’twanttowonacar,either.(合并为一句__________Nancy__________Alanwantstoownacar.

9.Usethelinkmethodsothatyoucanimproveourmemory.(改为简单句

Usethelinkmethod__________________toimproveourmemory.

10.Youwillbeunhealthyifyoudon’tdoexerciseregularly.(保持句意基本不变

Youwillbeunhealthy_________you_________exerciseregularly.

11.Tokeeptheroomclean,weneedtowashpetdogsregularly.(保持句意基本不变

Weneedto

washpetdogsregularly________________________wecankeeptheroomclean.

12.Iwillcallthepoliceifthatnoisedoesn’tstopsoon.(保持句意基本不变

Iwillcallthepolice____________thatnoise____________soon.

13.Theicecreamwillmelt,soyou’dbetterputitinthefridgeatonce.(保持句意基本不变Theicecreamwillmelt______you______putitinthefridgeatonce.

14.LittleTomatetoomanychocolates.Hehadtoothache.(两句合并为一句

LittleTomate_________manychocolates_________hehadtoothache.

15.ThemagazineyouarereadingisJane’s.(保持句意基本不变

Themagazineyouarereading______________Jane.

16.Ericdidthesciencetestmostquicklyinourclass.(保持句意基本不变

Ericdidthesciencetest________________thananyotherstudentinourclass.

17.Ifyoudon’tcleanyourteethregularly,youwillgettoothache.(保持句意基本不变You________gettoothache________youcleanyourteethregularly.

18.Peterwillgotojail.Johnwillnotgotojail.(合并成一句

Peterwillgotojail____________John.

19.We’veaskedmymothertolookafterthekidswhenweareaway.(保持句意基本不变We’veaskedmymotherto____________________thekidswhenweareaway.

20.DetectiveKenexaminedtheroomcarefullyinordertofindsomeclues.(保持句意基本不变

DetectiveKenexaminedtheroomcarefully____________________hecouldfindsomeclues.

21.Iboughtmyprivatecartenyearsago.(保持句意基本不变

I__________________myprivatecarfortenyears.

22.Takethemaglevtrain,oryouwillbelatefortheplane.(保持句意基本不变

You_________belatefortheplane_________youtakethemaglevtrain.23.Jackwasverytall.Hewasabletoreachthebookontheshelf.(保持句意基本不变Jackwas_________________________toreachthebookontheshelf.

1.TheterribleearthquakedestroyedmanyhousesinWenchuanin2008.(改为被动语态ManyhousesinWenchuan________________bytheterribleearthquakein2008.

2.Abigfiredamagedahigh-risebuildinginShanghaitwomonthsago.(改为被动语态

Ahigh-risebuilding________________byabigfireinShanghaitwomonthsago.

3.Youwritealltheanswersontheanswersheet.(改成被动语态

Alltheanswers____________ontheanswersheet.

4.Thegovernmenthelpedthevictimsofthe11.15Fire.(改为被动语态)

The____________ofthe11.15Fire____________helpedbythegovernment.

5.Thereporterwillinterviewthewinnerof“China’sgotTalent”thisevening.(改为被动语态Thewinnerof“China’sgotTalent”will____________________bythereporterthisevening.

6.MyfriendJoneswrotesomearticlesaboutmemorylastmonth.(改为被动语态

Somearticlesaboutmemory______________bymyfriendJoneslastmonth.

7.Wegavetwopandas,KaiKaiandXinXintoMacaoasagiftlastyear.(改为被动语态Twopandas,KaiKaiandXinXin__________________toMacaoasagiftlastyear.

8.Wecancompletetheworkaheadoftime.(改为被动语态

Theworkcan________________________aheadoftime.

9.Mr.LichosetenstudentstotakepartintheEnglishreadingcontestlastweek.(改被动)

Tenstudents______________totakepartintheEnglishreadingcontestbyMr.Lilastweek.

10.Paulmadethreemodelplaneslastyear.(改为被动语态

Threemodelplanes______________byPaullastyear.

11.Myfatheroftenusesacomputerinhiswork.(改为被动语态

Acomputer________often________inmyfather’swork.

12.Recently,peoplefoundahugeegginachickenhouseinEngland.(改成被动语态Recently,ahugeegg____________inachickenhouseinEngland.

13.Theartistswillpaintmorebeautifulpicturesinthefuture.(改为被动语态)

Morebeautifulpictureswill____________________bytheartistsinthefuture.

14.WewillbuildmoreundergroundlinesinShanghaiinthefuture.(改为被动语态

Moreundergroundlineswill________________inShanghaiinthefuture.

15.WecanseepapercuttinginmanypartsofChinaduringtheSpringFestival.(改被动

Papercuttingcan__________________inmanypartsofChinaduringtheSpringFestival.16.Theythrewsomerubbishintotheriveratnightdaysago.(改为被动语态

Somerubbish______________________intotheriveratnightdaysago.

(对划线部分提问

________________isShanghaiNo.1DepartmentStoreopen?

2.(对划线部分提问________________hasLucyworkedinthiscompanysinceshegraduated?(对划线部分提问)__________________youinterviewsomeofherneighbors?对划线部分提问

__________________thelittleboygetupearlyinthemorning?

5.BobpreparedfortheNewYear’(对划线部分提问)______________________BobpreparefortheNewYear’spartyofourclass?

6(对划线部分提问

____________________didtheShanghaiWorldExpolast?

7.对划线部分提问

______________theoldmanandhiswifelivetwentyyearsago?

8.(对划线部分提问

__________________Alicecompletethesciencetestinyourclass?(对划线部分提问

________________________havetheylivedinHongKong?就划线部分提问__________mycousinsoftenkeepintouchwiththeirfriends?对划线部分提问______________Aliceboughtsomepaperflowers?

12.Cheng’eII(划线部分提问

________________didChang’eIIRockettraveltothemoon?(对划线部分提问

____________istheirnewcompanyfromthecitycenter?对划线部分提问____________________hasUncleDaminusedcormorantstocatchfish?

15.John’对划线部分提问__________________isJohngoingtomeettheexchangestudentsfromtheUS?

16.isheldforababy’sfirst-monthbirthday.(对划线部分提问

__________________heldforababy’sfirst-monthbirthdayinChineseculture?对划线部分提问

_______________________isitfromheretothePeople'sSquare?

社会生活类作文优美句子【六】

句子改写练习 11、我是医生,( )与你们在一块儿,( )不离开你们

被字句、把字句的练习 一步。

1、我把三百棵菊秧救活了。 12、( )明天下雨,秋游( )改期举行。

2、姐姐送给我一件最有意义的礼物 13、凡卡( )在城里受苦,( )回到乡下爷爷那里去。

3、陈医生看好了孩子的病。 (二)用恰当的关联词,把下面各题中的两句话并成一句

4、蒙蒙细雨淋湿了人们的衣服。 话。

5、同学们交给我一项任务。 1、周总理逝世了。 周总理永远活在人们的心中。 反问句、陈述句的练习 2、他爱读书。 他注意做。

改陈述句: 3、他从来不说谎话。 大家很信任他。

1、这个故事怎能不使我感动呢? 4、小明上课听讲很认真。 小明的学习成绩优良。5、我

2、这个故事怎能使我感动呢? 们愿意自己多辛苦。 我们不能给别人增加麻烦。

3、不劳动,连棵花也养不活,这难道不真理吗? 6、我们下一番苦功。 我们能练出一笔好字。

4、人的聪明与愚笨,难道是天生的吗? (三)用三种不同的关联词把下列的句子连起来。

5、毒刑拷打算得了什么?亡也无法叫我开口。 全心全意为人民服务。 得到群众的\'信任。 改反问句: 修改下面一段话

1、桑娜那样高尚的品德值得赞扬。 1、(2个别字,1个用错标点,2个病句,2个用错的

2、为了把祖国建设得更强盛,我们应该努力学习。 标点)

3、这件好事不是我做的。 为什么瓜秧开了花不结瓜,以为雷达兵在生产队当过

4、我们不会把你老人家忘怀。 付队长,他找到了答案:瓜秧开了花呀授粉。小岛原离大直接叙述、间接叙述的练习 陆,没有蜜蜂。也没有别的蝴蝶、昆虫。西瓜花没授粉,

(一)把下列直接叙述改写为间接叙述。 突然结不了瓜。经他一说,才明白了。

1、美丽的姑娘说:“我是智慧的女儿。” 2、包括标点、错别字、语病等8处

2、山姆握着珊迪的手说:“我会永远照顾你的。” 一天,张林对我说:“去年暑假。他到福州参加少先队

3、张林告诉我:“要是星期日下雨,我们就不去看电影。” 员优秀夏令营活动,内容丰富多姿,有趣极了。它虽然丰

4、爸爸对小明说:“后天我要去你叔叔家。” 富了大家的假期生活,而且学到了不少知识,这样的生活

(二)把下列间接叙述改写为直接叙述。 多么意义啊!”

1、凡卡说,他在给爷爷写信。 标点符号的练习

2、一位台湾同胞说,他是中国人,他爱中国。 (一)给下列句子加标点符号。

3、小明高兴地告诉妈妈,他替妈妈在新华书店买了一本1、我有一本 新华字典 它是我学习语文的好工具

《雷锋》。 2、总攻开始了 军号声 枪声 炮声 喊声 立刻震动

4、妈妈严肃地对我说,马上就要期末了,我一定要着山谷

认真复习,不要辜负老师和她对我的一片期望。 3、在学校里 要尊敬老师 关心同学 在社会上要尊老双重否定练习 爱幼 助人为乐 在家里要尊敬父母 爱护弟妹

(一)把双重否定句改为肯定句。 4、我们班这学期订了 中国少年报 少年文艺 和 少年

1.作为一名少先队员,不能不讲一点文明。 科学 等报刊

2.这次活动的经过你不是不清楚。 5、狼牙山五壮士面前有两条路 一条通往主力部队的方

3.我们不应当不参加集体活动。 向 另一条通向狼牙山的顶峰棋盘陀 那儿三面都是悬崖

4.这本书太有价值了,你不能不看。 绝壁

(二)把下面的肯定句,改成双重否定句。 6、他的朋友看见了 叫住他问 你上哪儿去 他回答说

1.星期天,我们必须去看排球赛。 我到楚国去

2.学校里只给每人发一张票,这真叫人为难。 7、李医生说 我是来工作的 不是来休息的 我要立刻

3.红四团的战士必须抢在敌人前面赶到泸定桥。 做手术

4.这件事是事实。 8、 我是来工作的 不是来休息的 我要立刻做手术 李

5.这场电影我一定去看。 医生说

关联词的练习 9、 我是来工作的 不是来休息的 李医生说 我要立刻

(一)给下列句子填入适当的关联词。 做手术

1、( )詹天佑设计了“人”字形线路,( )火车上(二)改正下面的句子中用错的标点符号。

山就容易得多了。 1、老师同他谈过话后,他说:他有决心把学习搞好。

2、许多动物( )能到很远的地方去,( )还能认路回家。 2、晚上爸爸问我今天一天做了什么事?我吞吞吐吐说不

3、、( )不畏劳苦的人,( )攀登科学高峰。 出来。

4、张海迪在困难面前,( )畏难而退,( )知难而进。 3、为什么要遵守纪律?怎样才算遵守纪律?都是我们今

5、晚上,我( )看书,( )听广播,( )帮妈妈干活。 天班会上要讨论的问题。

6、我家( )养了许多花,( )没有奇花异草。 4、我最爱读李白、杜甫,和白居易的诗。

7、马背上的小红军( )牺牲自己,( )拖累别人。 5、那里开着许多鲜花,火红的桃花、雪白的梨花、娇艳

8、我们( )已经有了进步,( )不应当因此自满。 的海棠花。

9、( )风吹雨打,我们( )准时到校学习。

10、每天早晨上学,( )我去约王军,( )他来约我。

社会生活类作文优美句子【七】

【习作题目】

Students Grading of Their Teachers

1.学生给老师打分已很普遍;

2.人们对其持不同态度(肯定或否定的态度);

3.你的看法。

【习作解读】

显然,此任务是写一篇议论文,主题为对学生给老师打分的现象进行议论,开放性较大。学生应根据实际情况,从多个方面阐述其原因并表达自己对这种现象的观点和态度。该话题更加贴近学生的实际生活,但有一定的语言难度,也有一定的思想深度。通过此文的写作,也从侧面提示了学生在注重写作基础训练的前提下,也应该注重培养积极思考、灵活运用、自由发挥等能力。

此次的写作任务出题相当巧妙,写作内容涉及的词汇和句型都属于新课程标准范围。题目在考查学生写作能力的同时,也在考查学生的分析判断能力及高度概括能力。富有想象力的学生写出的文章可能生动而富有灵性。此题目能引发学生对平日习以为常的行为进行反思,学会换位思考,这对中学生的性格和品德培养非常重要。

【习作展示】

Students Grading of Their Teachers

Nowadays, a lot of schools ask their students to contribute to grading their teachers. As a teacher, it is their responsibility to satisfy their students in all aspects. Meanwhile, it is admirable that school teachers prefer to expose themselves to their students.

If the system of grading of teachers by students is introduced, it will benefit students, teachers and the administration of the school for a number of reasons. For one thing, the system will give teachers and the administration of the school an insight into the minds of the students and show whether the teachers are successful in getting their lessons understood by the students; for another, it will also encourage the good teachers to continue their efforts and motivate themselves. What is more, it will expose those who are not doing enough and will lead them to correct their teaching methods as well as their attitude towards students. Thus the quality of teaching will certainly improve.

In a word, it is a promising concept and will bring surprisingly good results if applied with the right conditions.

【习作点评】

作者观点明确,赞成学生给老师打分。作为老师,就要做一个让学生满意的老师。这样,不仅对学生、学校有利,而且对老师本人也有利。这样,老师就会从另一个角度重新审视自己,看自己是否是一个成功的老师。如果得到学生的认可,这将是对自己的一次鼓励,为继续前行增添动力。如果学生的认可度不高,老师就应进行反思,调控教学方法和教学态度。这样,教学质量肯定会提高。作

者用简洁、明快的语言以及自己的经历列举了充分的论据,内容充实,贴近生活。For one thing, for another, what is more, in a word等过渡词的使用,是短文结构清晰,层次分明。最后,最值得一提的是,文中多次正确运用的高级词汇和复杂句式,给文章增添了不少文采。综上所述,这是一篇不可多得的佳作,值得向大家推荐。

二、写作模板

此模板适用于社会现象类议论文。参考模式如下:

Nowadays, there exists an increasingly serious social/economic/environmental There are a couple of reasons behind this problem/phenomenon. For one ;Based on the above discussions, I can easily forecast that more and more people 

Nowadays, there exists a common phenomenon—with the development of the Internet, more and more people tend to send electronic cards instead of paper ones to their friends and relatives when an important holiday comes.

There are a couple of reasons behind this phenomenon. For one thing, compared with the traditional cards, electronic cards are more lively and interesting. They can give not only pictures but also sound and animation. For another, there are many websites online which offer varieties of cards for you to choose from. What is more, with the popularity of the electronic cards, less paper is used in making paper cards, which does good to our environment.

Based on the above discussions, I can easily forecast that sending greetings by using electronic cards will be accepted by more and more people, not only the young ones.

三、写作指导

写作思路是先列出一个具体的社会问题或者现象,然后分析产生的原因和产生的影响,最后提出解决问题的办法,或者得出结论,或者提出个人看法,或者预测前景。

论点、论据、论证是议论文的三要素。论点是作者对所议论问题所持有的见解和主张,论据是用来证明论点的事实和道理的根据;论证是用论据来证明论点的方法和过程。一般来说,议论文每段都有主题句来确定论点。论证的方法很多,但最常用的是因果分析法。即:分析事实与论点的因果关系,指出取得结果的原因是所要证明的论点,从而达到论证的目的。

在近几年的高考中,议论文的比重占得越来越多,议论文的.出题形式可以多种多样,有看图写作、图表、表格、书信等各种类型,但文体实际是议论文,而有时是夹叙的议论文。议论文的写作要点是:

1. 观点鲜明,文章一定有一个明确的中心论点。

2. 层次分明,一个中心论点通常有几个分论点支持,不同层次之间要分明,过渡清晰自然。

3. 最后一段一般要总结全文,得出一个符合逻辑的结论,突出中心思想。

4. 一般采用一般现在时。

5. 语言简洁有力,一般不采用口语。

四、巩固练习

1.【练习题目】

2010年上海世界博览会期间,上万的青年志愿者参加志愿工作,请你谈谈对此现象的看法。

【参考范文】

During the period of holding the 2010 World Expo in Shanghai, tens of thousands of young citizens are participating in volunteer work, hoping to devote themselves to the grand occasion. As far as I am concerned, everyone ought to enter for it. Here are the reasons I want to mention.

It can be argued that the advantages of doing unpaid volunteer work are enormous, because volunteer work is actually a two-way street. First of all, volunteer work should always benefit people who need help. Those who need help will feel happier due to our immediate help. On the other hand, as far as the young people ourselves are concerned, we have more opportunities to develop the sense of responsibility, independence as well as interpersonal skills in the process of helping others.

Through this kind of work, we become confident and mature. In addition, we can make many friends and increase our chances of getting the jobs of our dreams. Furthermore, volunteer work plays an active role in building up a harmonious society.

In a word, it is of great value for the young adults to offer volunteer work. The youth volunteers do make a difference by the voluntary work! Why not join them and do something for our country?

2.【练习题目】

某些中学生为了显示自己成熟或表明自己醋而吸烟。请写一篇120词左右的短文,列举吸烟的危害,并提出建议。

【参考范文】

I am sorry to know that more and more middle school students begin to smoke. I think it is wrong to believe that smoking is cool and even think that smoking makes you appear to be mature. In fact, smoking is not cool but very dangerous.

First, smoking can do much damage to health. Scientific researches show that smoking can lead to heart diseases, cancers and other problems. It is reported that about 5 million people die of diseases related to smoking each year all over the world.

Second, it is a waste of money to smoke cigarettes. Smoking can cost a great deal of money. Once you are addicted to it, it is difficult to give it up.

What’s more, smoking can cause fires easily, which may do great damage to your life and your surroundings.

So give up smoking at once! Only in this way can you keep healthy forever.

3. 【练习题目】近年来,越来越多的中学生出国学习,出现了所谓的中学生“出国热”。请根据以下提供的信息,谈谈自己的看法。

1)良好的语言环境,更利于语言学习。

2)拓宽视野,学习国外先进的科学技术。

3)传播各民族间的不同文化。

参考词汇:媒介,中间人:mediator

【参考范文】

In recent years, studying abroad has been popular. Tens of thousands of Chinese middle school students have gone to foreign countries to study.Many people are trying their best to apply to go abroad.

There are a number of reasons for attending schools abroad.First, students who are studying abroad can act as mediators between people of different cultures. They can communicate with each other directly and learn about different cultures. Second, they can learn much more advanced knowledge of science and technology from foreign countries and experience different education methods.Third, they live in foreign countries and take classes given by foreign teachers. As a result, they can learn foreign languages much more quickly.

Therefore, it is advisable to attend schools abroad.

4.【练习题目】随着经济和社会的发展,道路上的私人小汽车越来越多。请根据自己的观察和理解,谈谈自己的观点。

【参考范文】

With the fantastic development both in economy and in society in China, the number of people who own private cars is on the rise. Some people have bought cars of their own, and others are planning to buy cars. But I strongly object to the increase in developing private cars.

I hold that automobiles will give rise to a series of problems. In the first place, as more and more cars are produced and run on the road, a large volume of poisonous gas will be given off, polluting the atmosphere and causing actual harm to the health of people. Next, private cars contribute to traffic jams so greatly that the advantages gained in comfort and freedom are often cancelled out by the frustration caused by traffic jams. The last problem is the increasing number of car accidents that have killed and will kill a lot of people in a friction of a second.

In a word, although automobiles have been playing a vital part in the daily activities of our society, they also bring us numerous troubles such as more serious environmental pollution, more traffic accidents and more energy consumption. They drink up huge amounts of fuel and throw out huge amounts of pollutants. Jams waste our precious time. Therefore, I am against developing private cars.

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