I was born in a beautiful town with high mountains around it.The mountains are covered with all kinds of green bamboo.Through the town runs a small stream.It’s said that a new railway is going to be built to the east of the town and a bamboo factory to the west.All the children of the school age can go to school.If anyone is ill,he can go to see the doctor in the newly-built hospital.People in the town are hard-working and never take the backwardness lying down.Though they are having a richer and better life,they are not satisfied with what they have got.They are working hard to build their town into a modern one.
导入:
第1段:提出一种现象或某个决定作为议论的话题
As a student, I am strongly in favour of the decision. (亮明自己的观点是赞成还是反对
The reasons for this may be listed as follows. (过渡句,承上启下
正文:
第2段:First of all... Secondly... Besides...(列出2~3个赞成或反对的`理由
结论:
第3段:In conclusion, I believe that... (照应第1段,构成"总—分—总"结构
1。 叙述的人称
英语的记叙文一般是以第一或第三人称的角度来叙述的。用第一称表示的是由叙述者亲眼所见、亲耳所闻的经历。它的优点在于能把故事的情节通过“我”来传达给读者,使人到真实可信,如身临其境。如:
The other day, I was driving along the street。 Suddenly, a car lost its control and ran directly towards me fast。 I was so frightened that I quickly turned to the left side。 But it was too late。 The car hit my bike and I fell off it。
用第三人称叙述,优点在于叙述者不受“我”活动范围以内的人和事物的限制,而是通过作者与读者之外的第三者,直接把故事中的情节展现在读者面前,文章的客观性很强。如:
Little Tom was going to school with an umbrella, for it was raining hard。 On the way, he saw an old woman walking in the rain with nothing to cover。 Tom went up to the old woman and wanted to share the umbrella with her, but he was too short。 What could he do? Then he had a good idea。
2。 动词的时态
在记叙文中,记和叙都离不开动词。所以动词出现率最高,且富于变化。记叙文中用得最多的是动词的过去的',这是英语记叙文区别于汉语记叙文的关键之处。英语写作的优美之处就在于这些动词时态的变化,正是这一点才使得所记、所叙有鲜活的动态感、鲜明的层次感和立体感。
3。 叙述的顺序
记叙一件事要有一定的顺序。无论是顺叙、倒叙、插叙还是补叙,都要让读者能弄清事情的来龙去脉。顺叙最容易操作,较容易给读者提供有关事情的空间和时间线索。但这种方法也容易使文章显得平铺直叙,读起来平淡乏味。倒叙、插叙、补叙等叙述方法能有效地提高文章的结构效果,让所叙之事跌宕起伏,使读者在阅读时思维产生较大的跳跃,从而为文章所吸引,深入其中。但这些方法如果使用不当,则容易弄巧成拙,使文章结构散乱,头绪不清,让读者不知所云。
4。 叙述的过渡
过渡在上下文中起着承上启下、融会贯通的作用。过渡往往用在地点转移或时间、事件转换以及由概括说明到具体叙述时。如:
In my summer holidays, I did a lot of things。 Apart form doing my homework, reading an English novel, watching TV and doing some housework, I went on a trip to Qingdao。 It is really a beautiful city。 There are many places of interest to see。 But what impressed me most was the sunrise。
The next morning I got up early。 I was very happy because it was a fine day。 By the time I got to the beach, the clouds on the horizon were turning red。 In a little while, a small part of the sun was gradually appearing。 The sun was very red, not shining。 It rose slowly。 At last it broke through the red clouds and jumped above the sea, just like a deep-red ball。 At the same time the clouds and the sea water became red and bright。
What a moving and unforgettable scene!
5。 叙述与对话
引用故事情节中主要人物的对话是记叙文提高表现力的一种好方法。适当地用直接引语代替间接的主观叙述,可以客观生动地反映人物的性格、品质和心理状态,使记叙生动、有趣,使文章内容更加充实、具体。试比较下面两段的叙述效果:
I was in the kitchen, and I was cooking something。 Suddenly I heard a loud noise from the front。 I thought maybe someone was knocking the door。 I asked who it was but I heard no reply。 After a while I saw my cat running across the parlor。 I realized it was the cat。 I felt released。
这本来应是一段故事性很强的文字,但经作者这么一写,就不那么吸引人了。原因是文中用的都是叙述模式,没有人物语言,把“悬念”给冲淡了。可作如下调整:
I was in the kitchen cooking something。 "Crash!" a loud noise came from the front。 Thinking someone was knocking at the door, I asked, "Who?" No reply。 After a while, I saw my cat running across the parlor。 "It's you。" I said, quite released。
导入:
第1段:提出一种现象或某种困难作为议论的话题
正文:
第2段:Many ways can help to solve this serious problem, but the following may be most effective. First of all... Another way to solve the problem is ... Finally...(列出2~3个解决此类问题的办法
结论:
第3段:These are not the best but the only two/ three measures we can take. But it should be noted that we should take action to...(强调解决此类问题的根本方法
导入:
第1段:Recently we’ve had a discussion about whether we should... (导入话题
Our opinions are divided on this topic.(观点有分歧
正文:
第2段:Most of the students are in favour of it.(正方观点
Here are the reasons. First... Second... Finally...(列出2~3个赞成的理由
第3段:However, the others are strongly against it. (反方观点
Their reasons are as follows. In the first place... What’s more... In addition...(列出2~3个反对的理由
结论:
第4段:Personally speaking, the advantages overweigh the disadvantages, for it will do us more harm than good, so I support it.(个人观点 オ
长幼时的我常常因为受了一点委屈而在奶奶的院子前哭泣,好像一点点困难也能让我眼中如黄河决堤一般。所以奶奶常常笑着说我是个长不大的小男孩!
在个多雨夏天,奶奶在院子里种下一棵小树,从此以后那棵小树便是我童年的伙伴。有一次,窗外下着倾盆大雨,我连忙拉着奶奶的手,让她到雨中为小树搭起篷子,但奶奶却笑着拍拍我的脑袋摇了摇头,轻轻的对我说:“它需要去尝试接受困难。”尝试接受困难?我不理解奶奶的话,只是望着暴雨中,小树被打折的枝干和满地的落叶伤心的哭泣着!
后来我发现奶奶的行为越来越奇怪,她非但不在雨天中为小树搭雨篷,反而在艳阳高照的天气里,用锋利的剪刀在小树树干上留下轻轻的伤痕。我愤怒地质问奶奶:“你为什么要这么伤害小树?”奶奶只是笑着摇了摇头,留下一句:“它需要尝试接受困难。”便离开了。
再长大些后,我离开了奶奶的院子,在学校的学习生活我寻找自己的梦想,每当我因为考试成绩不理想或是朋友的误解而暗自神伤时,我总会想起奶奶说的那句话,和暴风雨下那棵小树笔直的身影。不知不觉地我好像有些明白奶奶说的了。
渐渐地当我遇到困难时,我不再留下毫无用处的泪水而是积极地向困难发起挑战,因此我大胆地参加了学校的各种竞赛,我与困难的较量中我彻底明白了奶奶的话。
一个暑假我又来到奶奶的院子前,望着这棵从小树成长为如今茂密翠绿的大树,抚摸着它身上密布的伤痕,我心里忽然记起了那句古训:古今成大事者,不惟有超世之才,亦必有坚韧不拔之志。
若没有身上密布的刀痕,小树又怎能长出更加强壮的枝干,若没有暴风雨的磨砺,又怎能激发出小树无尽的求生潜能,从而成长为苍天大树呢?这些不都是在磨砺小树的“坚韧不拔之志吗?”现在小树成长为了苍天大树,而我,也从原来遇到困难爱哭泣的男孩成长为一个勇于接受困难的男子汉。在尝试着接受困难这不只是小树的成长,更是我的成长。。
身后奶奶轻轻的拍拍我的肩膀,笑着对我说:恩,不错呀,已经成长为一个男子汉啦。是啊,我也笑着回答道,“我尝试的去接受困难中,我在尝试中成长了。
Last Sunday, Jim went out to fly a kite. The kite flew highly in the sky. Jim ran with it happily.
Suddenly the line was broken and the kite flew away. Soon it disappeared. Where was it?
Jim had no idea. So he had to run here and there to look for the kite. At last he saw it on the top of the tree. He tried to get it down. But he couldn’t. He felt sad.
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