2020年十二月四级作文真题及答案【一】
This cartoon is silly, and yet compelling: a large customer holds a hopelessly small piece of cloth as the tailor carefully measures. Such an image suggests that one needs to consider practical reality in the pursuance of goals. Merely acting on one's desires, while ignoring the facts at hand, cannot lead to success.
The fact that currently there are more graduates than jobs reminds us of the importance of rational thinking. Every year approximately 3 million students graduate from universities and begin looking for work. Many of them fail to find suitable employment because there are simply not enough opportunities to accommodate such great numbers of graduates. In addition, however, one might also cite flawed individual assessment as a reason.
In order to create a realistic target for one's future, one must make rational decisions and prepare accordingly. A student who aims to be a surgeon, for example, must take care to acquire opportunities to do clinical practice and gain sufficient knowledge. In other words, customers would do well to take accurate measurements before purchasing their fabric. A small piece of cloth cannot adequately clothe a large person.
2020年十二月四级作文真题及答案【二】
沙漠是地球上最荒凉的区域之一。为什么沙漠如此荒凉?按照我们一贯的理解是，沙漠地区缺乏生命所需的水，所以鲜有生命能在那些地区生存。最近，美国康奈尔大学的研究人员却发现，不少沙漠地区并非干得不能生长植物，而是肥力不够，因为沙漠土壤中缺乏植物赖以生存的氮。不过，令人担忧的是，随着气候不断变暖，沙漠地区土壤中含量可怜的氮还会不断挥发，以气体的形式大量流失，从而导致生长在沙漠里的植物越来越少。
研究人员在美国莫哈韦沙漠地区选了几处试验点，通过精密测量仪器了解土壤中的'氮是如何随着气温升降而变化的。研究发现，不管有没有阳光照耀沙漠，当土壤温度达到40℃至50℃的高温时，土壤中的氮会以气体形式从土壤中迅速释放出来。而在沙漠中，地表温度达到40℃以上是轻而易举的事情。研究人员还发现，地表温度越高，沙漠土壤中释放氮的速度越快。因此，随着全球气候变暖的加剧，沙漠的气温和地表温度也将越来越高，土壤中的氮也将越来越少，沙漠会变得越来越荒凉和贫瘠。
研究人员还表示，除了沙漠地区，在世界任何高温干旱的地方都可能出现类似的情况。近年来让农林科研人员头疼的现象也由此找到了原因，他们在干旱地区种植实验田地，虽然保障了充分的水和肥料，但是土地的出产还是不尽如人意。
干旱地区的氮不但从土壤中偷偷溜走，而且很难再回到土壤之中。在气候温和地区，氮在土壤和大气中的循环是平衡的，当地土壤中的一部分氮虽然也会通过分解或植物收割流向大气;但是在雷雨天，空气中的氮气会在雷电的作用下变成氮肥回到土壤中。然而，干旱地区很少会有雷雨天气，也就很少会有氮再返回到土地中。正是因为干旱地区氮的流失是不可逆转的，我们花再大的代价，比如不计成本地往其中施放氮肥，也不可能让沙漠变成绿洲。除非，我们可以让沙漠地区的气温及地表温度降下来。
今天如果我们不能有效遏制气候变暖的发展趋势，代表着沙漠未来希望的零星绿色将越来越少，直至完全绝迹，沙漠的扩张也将变得气势汹汹而且肆无忌惮。那样令人绝望的未来，并非是我们所希望看到的!(选自《青年文摘》2010年第11期，有删改
1、文章认为沙漠荒凉的真正原因是什么?文中得出这一结论的依据是什么?(4分
2、第段画线句子中“头疼的现象”指什么?请简要概括。(3分[来源:Z&xx
3、第段主要说明了什么意思?文章是怎样把这层意思说清楚的?
4、第段中画线句子在语言表达方面有什么特点?请任选一处加以分析。(4分
2020年十二月四级作文真题及答案【三】
The Role of Mobile Phone in People's Communication
The popularity of smartphones has exerted great influence on the way people communicate, so much so that an increasing number of individuals contend that face-to-face communication is being replaced by texts and images on the mobile phone.
There are more than one angle to consider this phenomenon. On one hand, it is pleasantly acknowledged that smartphones shorten the distance between families and friends. Even people from different sides of the globe can share pictures, feelings and thoughts through various types of apps on the phone, thus building a long-distance connection. On the other hand, as the picture warns us, too much smartphone addiction interferes with people's real-life communication. Statistics show that over 70 percent of face-to-face communication consists of facial expressions and body language, which is why people should stay away from mobile phones when they have the chance to actually talk and communicate with others.
In a word, mobile phones act as an appropriate platform where people can always stay in tough however long the distance is, but a wise man should know when to put down his phone.
2020年十二月四级作文真题及答案【四】
1、因为土壤中缺乏植物赖以生存的氮。在沙漠地区选试验点，通过精密仪器测量，在此基础上进行研究，发现沙漠地区长时间气温较高，土壤中的氮以气体形式不断挥发，而最终不能回到土壤中。
2、干旱地区种植田地，在保障了充分的水和肥料的前提下，土地的出产不高。
3、沙漠中土壤里的氮为何不可返回。作者采用总分的说明顺序，将干旱地区和气候温和地区进行比较来说明的。
4、采用生动的语言来说明。如“气势汹汹”和“肆无忌惮”两个成语，运用拟人的修辞手法，将沙漠人格化，表现土壤沙漠化的严重，警示人们保护环境。
