Elephant is the largest animal on land today. It weights some ninety kilograms and is about one metre high when born.
When it is 12 years old, it studs over three meters and does not grow any more. Elephant is usually grey in color, having a long trunk with large ivory tusks protruding from each side of its mouth. Usually moving in groups and caring for each other, Elephant is know to be a very and gentle creamre. For many years people have used the strength of these poweful animals to move trees and heavy logs. Elephant has been and is a vital tool for people to do many things that would normally be imposs-ible.
Elephant is and will continue to be one of the greatest creatures man has ever come into contact with. Its size. beauty, and power willforever be useful to man.
I have a cat named Mimi. Its hair is as white as snow. I often play games with it. It amuses me a lot and I treat it as a little friend. Every morning, I would say goodbye to it before I go to school and Mimi would wave its front-legs to me. It brings me a lot of pleasure.
But it takes time and costs money to keep the cat. My parents and I spend much time taking care of it, feeding it and cleaning it. We have to clean the house from time to time, or the cat will make them dirty and smelly.
On Sunday morning, my parents took me to the zoo. We did not go there for a long time. Last week, my classmates told me that the zoo added some funny entertainment facilities. I was very curious. So, I asked my parents to took me there and they promised to. We got there at 9 o'clock. There were many people.
Most of them were parents and children. We first went to see the animal. I like parrots most. And then we saw the animal shows. Elephants, tigers, lions and monkeys did wonderful shows for us. People were happy, especially the children. After that, we went to experienced the entertainment facilities.
My mum was too scared to be with us. So, only my dad and I played. It was so exciting, but I was a little dizzy. However, I was very happy. It was a great day.
此外,还可用虚实相生法(正面描写与侧面描写相结合),如《口技》;有离有合法(写开去又收回来),如《白杨礼赞》等等。根据内容的需要,在叙述时有详有略,这样疏密相间,文章也就有了波澜。在叙述过程中适当插入一段描写,议论,抒情等,使在叙述中有断有续,可以激起叙述的波澜(如《谁是最可爱的人》)。当然,运用以上方法要根据表达需要而定,有时几种方法可以结合运用,如误会法与巧合法还可以同时在作品中运用,使情节更为复杂,多变。比如安徒生的《海的女儿》就成功地将两者巧妙地加以运用,而使"人鱼姑娘"的故事波澜起伏,精彩纷呈。小人鱼在海上巧遇王子,又在暴风雨中救起了王子,但王子始终不知真相,一再误会了她。最后小人鱼为了王子的幸福,宁愿牺牲了自己的生命。巧合与误会是故事结构的链结和纽带,在情节构成中起着十分重要的作用。因此,在童话创作中,我们尽可以充分利用,但必须注意要尽量安排得巧妙,合理,自然,否则就可能露出拙劣的人为编造的痕迹。总之灵活运用以上方法必定可以使你的文章跌宕生姿。
Do you know what kind of animal I like most? It’s monkey. Monkey is a kind of lovely animal. Many people like monkeys very much. Generally, monkey has small body covered with fur. Some kinds of monkeys have two big eyes and ears and a long tail. I can see them on TV or the zoo. Every time I go to the zoo, I will go to see them. Monkeys often stay in trees and jump between them. They are so lively and favorable. When they are happy, they will act for visitors. It’s very funny.
1、举例子
使文章更加具体,更有说服力,更客观地说明了事物。使比较抽象,复杂的事情或事物变得通俗易懂,让人信服。
2、作比较
说明某些抽象的`或者是人们比较陌生的事物,可以用具体的或者大家已经熟悉的事物和它比较,使读者通过比较得到具体而鲜明的印象。
3、下定义
用简明的语言对某一概念的本质特征作规定性的说明叫下定义。下定义能准确揭示事物的本质,是科技说明文常用的方法。
4、列图表
为了把复杂的事物说清楚,还可以采用图表法,来弥补单用文字表达的缺欠,对有些事物解说更直接、更具体。使读者直观,一目了然的了解事物的特征。
5、作诠释
从一个侧面,就事物的某一个特点做些解释,这种方法叫诠释法。
6、打比方
利用两种不同事物之间的相似之处作比较,以突出事物的形状特点,增强说明的形象性和生动性的说明方法叫做打比方说明文中的打比方的说明方法,同修辞格上的比喻是一致的。用这个方法,可以使抽象复杂说得浅显易懂,具体生动。不同的是,比喻修辞有明喻、暗喻、和借喻,而说明多用明喻和暗喻,借喻则不宜使用。
7、摹状貌
为了使被说明对象更形象、具体,可以进行状貌摹写,这种说明方法叫摹状貌。(和描写要区分开,两者虽一样,不过是在不同的文体中的。)
8、引用
为了使说明的内容更充实具体,可以引资料说明。引资料的范围很广,可以是经典著作,名家,公式定律,典故谚语等。
9、分类别
将被说明的对象,按照一定的标准划分成不同的类别,一类一类地加以说明,这种说明方法,叫分类别。帮助读者掌握特征,头绪分明。
10、列数字
为了使所要说明的事物具体化,还可以采用列数字的方法,以便读者理解。需要注意的是,引用的数字,一定要准确无误,不准确的数字绝对不能用,即使是估计的数字,也要有可靠的根据,并力求近似。说明文是以说明为主要表达方式,对事物、事理进行介绍、解说的一种文体。
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