高考阅读和作文是电脑阅卷吗【一】
议论文，分析事实，论证道理，当然要遵循一定的思维规律；这种思维规律反映在文章的外部形态上，就是具有一定体式的文章的结构。怎样写议论文才算“合体”呢？
一是根据议论问题的一般思维模式，应当是按“提出问题、分析问题、解决问题”（或曰“引论”、“本论”、“结论”）三大块构成。“提出问题”即在议论文开头一般要鲜明地提出中心论点，“分析问题”即在文章的中间要围绕中心论点展开分析论证，“解决问题”即在文章的结尾部分或者得出综合性结论，或者提出前瞻性希望等。这一点，众所周知，兹不赘述。
二是分析问题即本论部分，要按一定的向度分层展开论述。所谓“向度”即论述展开的方向。这个“向度”有四个：是什么，为什么，怎么样，何果。一般情况下，一篇中学生议论文作文，其本论部分只要从这四个向度中选择一个或者两个展开即可。但无论是从哪个向度展开，其分论点之间都要形成一定的联系。一般来说，有并列式、递进式和对照式三种。
所谓并列式，就是围绕中心从同一个向度列出几个分论点，逐一论证。如果仅仅围绕一个向度写，那么几个分论点之间的关系大多是并列关系。例如：议论文范文1
递进式同并列式结构相比，除了论点之间的意义联系不同以外，其段落的结构模式与并列式相同，就不再说了。
所谓对照式，就是从论题的正反两个方面入手，进行正反对比论证得出结论。其优点是结构简洁，论证充分，容易上手。最简单的对照式是在提出观点后，一段从正面论证观点，一段从反面论证观点，最后得出结论。还有一种对照式结构是在正面进行论述或者摆出论据后，紧接着用转折或者假设的方式从反面展开论述。例如：议论文范文2
高考阅读和作文是电脑阅卷吗【二】
有些人说这不公平，因为这是导致应试教育的根本原因，学生们必须要每科成绩都好才能进入一个号的大学。这对那些某个专业有才能其他专业不怎么样的'学生来说不公平。然而，我认为现行的高考制度对大多数学生来说是公平的。
高考只要生学习好，那些来自权势和富裕家庭的学生并没有得到特别优待。它给了那些来自贫困家庭的学生接受高等教育的机会，帮助他们改变出生于贫困家庭的命运、这些学生可能输在了起跑线上，但是高考制度给了他们第二次机会，让他们与其他人在同一条线上起跑。
而对于那些某专业有才能的学生来说，高考制度也给了其他的解决方案。它授权给高校自主招生。如果该学生足够优秀，他她会努力进入到这个学校的。
所以，在当今的教育环境下，我认为高考制度是公平的。
高考阅读和作文是电脑阅卷吗【三】
Make Up Your Mind to Succeed
Kind-hearted parents have unknowingly left their children defenseless against failure.
The generation born between 1980 and 2001 grew up playing sports where scores and performance were played down because “everyone’s winner.” And their report cards sounded more positive（正面的）than ever before. As a result, Stanford University professor Carol Dweck, PHD, calls them” the overpraised generation.”
Dweck has been studying how people deal with failure for 40 years. Her research
has led her to find out two clearly different mind-sets that have a great effect on how we react to it. Here’s how they work:
A fixed mind-set is grounded in the belief that talent(才能 is genetic – you’re a born
artist, point guard, or numbers person. The fixed mind-set believes it’s sure to succeed without much effort and regards failure as personal shame. When things get difficult, it’s quick to blame, lie, and even stay away from future difficulties.
On the other hand, a growth mind-set believes that no talent is entirely heaven-sent
and that effort and learning make everything possible. Because the ego（自尊）isn’t on the line as much, the growth mind-set sees failure as a chance rather than shame. When faced with a difficulty, it’s quick to rethink, change and try again. In fact, it enjoys this experience.
We are all born with growth mind-sets. (Otherwise, we wouldn’t be able to live in the
world. But parents, teachers, and instructors often push us into fixed mind-sets byencouraging certain actions and misdirecting praise. Dweck’s book, Mind-set: The New Psychology of Success, and online instructional program explain this in depth. But she
says there are many little things you can start doing today to make sure that your children, grandchildren and even you are never defeated by failure.
( 57. What does the author think about the present generation?
A. They don’t do well at school.
B. They are often misunderstood.
C. They are eager to win in sports.
D. They are given too much praise.
( 58. A fixed mind-set person is probably one who ___ .
A. doesn’t want to work hard
B. cares a lot about personal safety
C. cannot share his ideas with others
D. can succeed with the help of teachers
( 59. What does the growth mind-set believe?
A. Admitting failure is shameful.
B. Talent comes with one’s birth.
C. Scores should be highly valued.
D. Getting over difficulties is enjoyable.
( 60. What should parents do for their children based on Dweck’s study?
A. Encourage them to learn from failures.
B. Prevent them from making mistakes.
C. Guide them in doing little things.
D. Help them grow with praise.
Not everyone who teaches in a college or university is a professor. Many are instructors or lecturers. In fact，not even all professors are full professors. Many of them are assistant or associate professors or adjunct professors.
So what do all of these different academic titles mean at American colleges and universities？Get ready for a short lecture，especially if you are thinking of a career in higher education.
Professors usually need a doctoral degree. But sometimes a school will offer positions to people who have not yet received their doctorate. This person would be called an instructor until the degree has been completed. After that，the instructor could become an assistant professor. Assistant professors do not have tenure. Tenure means a permanent appointment. This goal of greater job security is harder to reach these days. Fewer teaching positions offer the chance for tenure. Assistant professors generally have five to seven years to gain tenure. During this time，other faculty members study the person's work. If tenure is denied，then the assistant professor usually has a year to find another job.
An assistant professor who receives tenure becomes an associate professor. An associate professor may later be appointed a full professor.
Assistant，associate and full professors perform many duties. They teach classes. They advise students. And they carry out research. They also serve on committees and take part in other activities.
Other faculty members are not expected to do all these jobs. They are not on a tenure track. Instead，they might be in adjunct or visiting positions.
A visiting professor has a job at one school but works at another for a period of time. An adjunct professor is also a limited or part-time position，to do research or teach classes. Adjunct professors have a doctorate.
Another position is that of lecturer. Lecturers teach classes，but they may or may not have a doctorate.
1．In which column of a newspaper can the passage probably appear?
A．Education.
B．Entertainment.
C．Politics.
D．Sports.
2．Which of the following positions should have a doctoral degree?
A．Instructors and lecturers.
B．Assistant professors and instructors.
C．Lecturers and adjunct professors.
D．Assistant and adjunct professors.
3．According to Paragraph 3，how long can an assistant professor stay in his or her position at most?
A．13 years. B．12 years.
C．7 years.D．8 years.
4．Which one shows the correct order for a professor's development?
a．An assistant professor.
b．An instructor.
c．A full professor.
d．An associate professor.
A．b，a，d，c B．b，d，a，c
C．c，a，d，b D．b，c，a，d
5．What can be inferred from the passage?
A．Those teaching in a university are all professors.
B．You'd better learn about it before being a professor.
C．Those without a doctoral degree can't find a job.
D．Professors in a university share the same duties.
答案：DADA，ADDAB
高考阅读和作文是电脑阅卷吗【四】
议论文是论述问题的，当然要有一定的思路，即议论文各部分之间要有必然的内在联系。我们知道，议论文是论证问题的，你在提出议论文论点后，就要摆事实，讲道理，让你提出的论点令人信服地确立起来。因此，中心论点和各分论点之间就应当是因果联系，即中心论点是“果”，分论点是“因”。这个因果联系就是议论文的思路之“格”。
作为一个高中生的议论文作文，最起码要做到在中心论点和各分论点之间，论点和论据之间要有一定的因果联系。
学生提出中心论点后，只要围绕中心论点问一个“为什么”，就能找到提出分论点的方向。如中心论点是“只有坚守，才能使人的思想品德升华，才能成就一番事业”。稍加分析，就可发现这个观点是在说“坚守”的重要性，于是，分论点就要回答“为什么坚守很重要”这个问题。那么就可从“为什么”和“何果”这两个向度来立分论点。如“坚守是一种执着，使绝望变成希望”，“坚守是一种信念，使普通变得高尚”，“坚守是一种职责，使平凡变得伟大”。如果我们要检验这三个分论点和中心论点之间有没有必然的内在联系的话，只需在这三个分论点之前加上“因为”，在“坚守很重要”之前加上“所以”，再连起来念一下即可。
同样，分论点和议论文的论据之间，也应当是因果联系。如在“坚守是一种职责，使平凡变得伟大”这个分论点后面，就可这样展开论述：“边防战士的坚守，使国家安定祥和；人民教师的坚守，使桃李满天下；白衣天使的坚守，使病魔为之屈服。”又如在“自由是思想的漫飞”这个分论点下可以这样展开论述：“行动可以受制于客观现实，思想却永远享受绝对的自由。有了这份思想的自由，才有了集豪放与浪漫于一身的诗仙李白；才有了身陷囹圄还在感叹“故国不堪回首月明中”的落魄后主李煜；才有了向往“面朝大海，春暖花开”的天才诗人海子。总之，因为这份思想的自由，社会才会在其牵引之下不断地进步，才会创造出一个个永载史册的人类奇迹。”
