曾几何时,考研命题人有一颗赤裸裸地蹭热点的心。
An American Girl in Traditional Chinese Costume
2002年 2002年1月考场上出现的这幅漫画不得不让我们想到2001年的大事件——北京申请到了奥运会以及中国加入世界贸易组织(WTO)。
这两件事情都涨了国人士气。更为重要的是,它们使得中国传统文化以前所未有的速度在世界各地传播,所以我们才看到“越来越多的外国人热衷于体验传统中国文化”。
Directions:
Suppose you have found something wrong with the electronic dictionary that you bought from an online store the other day. Write an email to the customer service center to
1 make a complaint, and
2 demand a prompt solution.
Dear Sir or Madam,
I bought/ordered an electronic dictionary from your online shop on January 1st, but I found it has some problems after using it for a short period of time.
To begin with, the battery needs recharging after a mere 2 hours of use. This means that I need to carry my charger with me when I go out for a day. In addition, the buttons on the electronic dictionary are so small that it is nearly impossible to type anything with them. Personally, I found this to be completely unacceptable.
Therefore, I would like either to change for another model that works well or a full refund. I am looking forward to your prompt reply.
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
Directions:
Some international students are coming to your university. Write them an email in the name of the Students’ union to
1 extend your welcome and
2 provide some suggestions for their campus life here.
Dear Friends,
On behalf of the Students’ Union of Beijing Foreign Studies University, I would like to extend our heartfelt welcome to all of the overseas students from all over the world to study in our university.
It is my great pleasure to propose several practical suggestions to you. In the first place, life in this prestigious university perhaps is not as satisfactory as what you expected. You may be tightly bound by continual classes, excessive homework and exams. In the second place, in spite of all these adversities, you will still enjoy your life in this esteemed institution. All types of extracurricular activities such as sports meets, speech contests, different social gatherings and dancing parties provide ample opportunities to make friends.
All in all, although there are a host of pressure, life in our campus is a worthwhile period in your whole lifetime. Wish you enjoy your life here!
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
命题人关注的是普遍社会现象或群体,而不是特殊事件或某一类体量相对不大的特殊群体。
2017年这一年考查的和阅读有关的态度是不分年龄不分社会阶层的,具有普遍性,几乎和所有人有关。
与其只提要求,不如做个榜样
2016年 表面上看,这一年的话题与青少年这一群体相关。但仔细一想,这是一个全民话题。因为我们每个人从小在父母的.教育下成长,等到自己为人父母后便会转换身份去教育下一代,所以这一话题具有极大的普遍性。
2008年如果你认为这幅漫画关注“残疾人”这一少数群体就大错特错了。事实上,漫画中的残疾人指的是我们每一个人、团体甚至国家。
无论个人、团队还是国家都有自己的优点(健全的那条腿)和缺点(残缺的那条腿),所以漫画告诉我们“应该与其它人、其它团队或国家合作、优势互补、实现双赢。”因此,这幅漫画具有普遍性,涉及每一个人。
表格说明。即在说明事物或知识时,把与之有关的数字列成表格,插于说明文字之中。表中所列项目,根据说明需要而定。这样说明,既清晰集中,又能进行比较,便于理解和记忆。例如《万紫千红的花》这篇说明文第七自然节,在说明花的颜色时,就列出了表格:
这个表格里的项目有花的颜色和种数两类,共有9种花色,从而形成比较,有力地说明了花色之中白色最多黑色最少的`特点,将被说明的对象介绍得一清 二楚。至于花的姿态,花的开放时间以及花呈不同色彩的原因,表中均末列项,这就既紧扣了课题万紫千红,又突出了说明的重点。
插图说明。有些事物须用图示才能说得清楚,如某种新产品的介绍,某种科学知识的解说,某种复杂的事物的说明等,就常常在文学中配上插图或示意 图,以助文字说明。例如《统筹方法》,在介绍统筹方法时,就先后列举了三个示意图,一是相互关系箭头图,二是工作合并图,三是数字表示任务图,分别如下:
这三幅示意图,形象地再现了统筹方法的主要内容,通过图示不难看出,关系清楚,顺序明了,谁优谁劣不言而喻,从而使这种复杂的科学方法简单化了,给人以鲜明直观的深刻印象,是语言文字所无法比拟的。
运用图表助示法说明事物,表格的项目不可设计过繁,将可比的几个事物或几种知识的主要比项列出即可。图表应放在文中与被说明文字密切相关之处。 图表虽是全文的有机组成部分,但不可过多运用,它只是为文字服务的,起助说作用,图表一多,令人眼花缭乱,容易给人以厌烦和累赘之感。
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