综上所述,自强自立在个人成长和成材方面是非常重要的。雏鹰经过风和雨的洗礼,终究能成为一只展翅翱翔的雄鹰,靠的是自强自立的信念。DD《说“自强“》
记叙文的对照式结构其实可以看作是并列结构的一种特例,只因为并列的事例内容上是真与假、好与坏、美与丑、善与恶、公与私等对立的两方作对比,故称为对照式结构。如《守财奴》一课中,巴尔扎克就将葛朗台对金钱的执着和种种为争夺金钱的种种丑态和女儿欧也妮对金钱的无所谓,对父亲的真爱鲜明对比,突出葛朗台被金钱腐蚀的丑恶灵魂,以及欧也妮灵魂的美好和崇高。记叙文中的对照结构应该特别注意不要简单地通过评价直接对比,而要在字里行间要渗透作者的褒贬、爱憎之情,让事实说话。
这几种技法,既是分别独立的,又可以融为一体,如总分中,分的内容可以是并列式,也可以是对照式,而无论是并列还是对照,在一篇文章中都只能围绕一个中心展开。所以不要可以追求形式,还是要集中展现人物性格以及文章主旨。
好的文章动静结合、张弛有度有节奏感。句式也是一样,要有变化性,这不仅能使文章更生动,也是语言表达方式的需要和表达能力的体现。句式的`变化,主要是要注意两点:
● 不要从头至尾使用一种句型。
● 长短句结合。
由于语言功底的欠缺和惯用思维,很多人写的文章一种句式到头,如:
I think …
I hope…
He does it.
He will take it
这样的文章虽然意思表达出来了,却显得呆板,欠生动。解决的办法是:
1.间或使用主从复句。
Because he is very much determined, he will carry it out this time. (原因
比较:He is very much determined. He will carry it out this time.
2.使用分词结构句。
The weather being fine, a large number of people went sightseeing.
比较:The weather is fine. A large number of people went sightseeing.
Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about three times that of China.
比较:Africa is the second largest continent. Its size is about three times that of China.
3.使用不定式句。
To be or not to be, that is a question. (莎士比亚
To study or not to study, that is much different.(引申
To do it well, you must plan it well.
比较:You want to do it well. And you must plan it well.
4.倒装句
Only when we fully recognize its importance can we have control of its essence.
比较:After we fully recognize its importance, we can have control of its essence.
No sooner had he arrived home than it began to rain.
比较:He arrived home. And it began to rain.
5.失衡句
whether or not he will come is still unknown to all the people present.
比较:No one present knows whether he will come or not.
That he has done it all by himself is known to everyone.
比较:Everyone knows that he has done it all by himself.
当然,句子并不是越长越好,也不是越复杂水平就越高。凡事皆有度。太多长句的堆砌让人觉得是买弄。有时侯,一个短小精辟的句子可以起到画龙点睛的作用。特别是在文末段尾。比如:
●As a creature, every one knows.
●Actions speak louder than words.
●Practice makes perfect.
一个好的主题句是文章成功的一半。不仅文章有主题,段落有纲,句也必有中心。文章失却主题,就会不知所云;落无纲,则一盘散沙,句缺中心,就无意义。所以,在立足于篇章时,一定要首先明确文的主题;在发展段落时,也要首先写好主题句。从PETS三的特点来考虑,主题句最好是置于文首或段首,这样让人一目了然! 以下就是两个实用的开门见山式发展主题句的方法。
●To begin with, we must attach the greatest importance possible to this issue/fact (key word.
●As is well known to all, it is now high time that we took this (topic word into serious consideration.
无论是写人还是叙事,我们都需要围绕一个中心展开,这中心就是记叙文要展现的核心,将核心内容放在记叙文的开头,开门见山点明文章的中心,是总起;而放在写人叙事的结尾处加以强调,是总括。总分式便因此可以分为三种:总分、分总、总分总。无论使用哪一种形式,都应注意,分总之间必须有紧密的内在联系,分述部分要围绕总述的中心(人物性格和主题)进行,总述部分应是分述的总纲或水到渠成的总结。
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