The Father and His Son
Father had a family of sons who were perpetually quarrelling among themselves. When he failed to heal their disputes by his exhortations, he determined to give them a practical illustration of the evils of disunion; and for this purpose he one day told them to bring him a bundle of sticks. When they had done so, he placed the faggot into the hands of each of them in succession, and ordered them to break it in pieces. They each tried with all their strength, and were not able to do it.
He next unclosed the faggot, and took the sticks separately, one by one, and again put them into their hands, on which they broke them easily. He then addressed them in these words: "My sons, if you are of one mind, and unite to assist each other, you will be as this faggot, uninjured by all the attempts of your enemies; but if you are divided among yourselves, you will be broken as easily as these sticks."
一位父亲有几个孩子,这些孩子时常发生口角。他丝毫没有办法来劝阻他们,只好让他们看看不合群所带来害处的例子。为了达到这个目的,有一天他叫他们替他拿一捆细柴来。当他们把柴带来时,他便先后地将那捆柴放在每一个孩子的手中,吩咐他们弄断这捆柴。他们一个个尽力去试,总是不能成功。
然后他解开那捆柴,一根根地放在他们手里,如此一来,他们便毫不费力地折断了。于是他就告诉他们说:「孩子们!如果你们大家团结一致,互相帮助,你们就像这捆柴一样,不能被你们的敌人折断;但如果你们自行,你们就将和这些散柴一般,不堪一折了。
自从我成了被贬受辱的人,居住在这个州里,经常惊恐不安。在那空闲的时候,就缓步地行走,漫无目的地游历,天天与我的同事、朋友上高山,入深林,走遍迂回曲折的溪流。凡是有幽泉怪石的地方,无论多远没有不到的;一到就拨开茅草坐下,倒出壶里的酒来尽情喝醉;醉了就互相枕着睡觉,睡着了作起梦来,心中想到哪里,梦也做到那里;醒来后即起来,起来后即回家。以为凡是这个州的山水有奇异姿态的,都为我所拥有、欣赏了,但未曾知道西山的怪异独特。
今年九月二十八日,因为坐在法华西亭,嘹望西山,才开始指点着它并称道它的奇异。于是令仆人,渡过湘江,沿着染溪,砍伐丛生的草木,焚烧茂密的茅草,直至山的.高处才停止。然后,我们攀援着登上山去,伸开两腿坐下,观赏风景,只见所有几州的土地,都在自己的坐垫下面。它们的高高下下的形势:山峰高耸,山谷凹陷,有的象小土堆,有的象洞穴;千里内外的景物近在眼前,种种景物聚集、缩拢在一块,没有能够逃离、隐藏在视线之外的;青山白水互相缠绕,视野之外的景物与高天相连,向四面眺望都是一样。然后知道这座山的卓然耸立,不与小丘同类。心神无穷无尽地与天地间的大气融合,没有谁知道它们的边界;无边无际,与大自然游玩,不知道它们的尽头。拿起酒杯来倒满酒,喝醉得身子倾倒,不知道太阳落山了。昏暗的晚色,从远处来临,来了就什么也看不见了,但还不想回家。心神凝住了,形体消散了,与万物暗暗地融合为一体。然后才知道我以前的游览不能算做游览,真正的游览从这一次才开始。所以为这次游览写了篇文章作为记述。
这年,是元和四年。
北京地区气候寒冷,花朝节以后,冬天留下的寒气还很厉害。冷风经常刮起来,一刮起来时就飞沙走石。我躲在一间屋子里面,想出去却不能。每次顶着寒风快步走出去,总是不到百步就返回来。
二月二十二日,天气略微暖和,我同几个朋友出了东直门,到了满井。高大的柳树分立在堤的两旁,肥沃的土地稍微湿润,放眼望去,空阔的景象,感到自己像笼子里逃出的天鹅。在这时,薄冰开始溶化,水波开始发出亮光,像鱼鳞一样的波浪一层层的,水清澈看到河底,亮晶晶的,好像镜子刚刚打开冷光突然从镜匣子里闪射出来一样。山峦被溶化的雪水洗过后,美好的样子好像擦过一样,鲜明美好而又明媚,好像美丽的少女洗过脸刚刚梳好环形的发髻一样。柳条将要舒展没有舒展,柔嫩的'柳梢头在风中散开,麦田里低矮的麦苗才一寸左右。游人虽然不多,但是汲泉水来煮茶喝的,端着酒杯唱歌的,穿着红装骑驴的,也经常有。风力虽然还很猛,但是走路就汗流浃背。所有在沙滩上晒太阳的鸟,汲水的鱼儿,都悠闲自在,羽毛鳞鬣中间,都充满了欢乐气氛。我才知道城郊田野外面未尝没有春天,可是住在城里的人却不知道它啊。
© 2022 zuowencangku.com,All Rights Reserved.