我们是一群长期关注并不同程度参与过招生工作的北京大学教师,怀着对北大的深厚感情和提高人才培养质量的焦虑和期盼,向您和北大招生委员会写这封信,北大11位教授就本科招生致校长的一封信。
我们都十分清楚,生源质量是决定高校人才培养质量的关键之一,高校招生录取的标准对基础教育具有重要的导向作用,因此,高校招生制度改革对整个教育系统而言可谓牵一发而动全身。作为在全国最具影响力的大学,北京大学曾经在招生工作中进行过一系列的改革尝试,包括率先实行自主招生、大类招生、中学校长实名推荐制等。实践证明,这些措施在选拔优秀学生、促进中学素质教育等方面起到了十分积极的作用。但是,局部改革措施所产生的作用有限。就整体上而言,目前我校实行的始终还是一种“唯高考分数论”的招生体制,即只能依据高考分数做出录取与否的判断,并且被动地接受数量有限的高分考生的挑选,导致以高校主体质量需求为前提的主动招生工作,在一定程度上演变成了被动的根据分数划线后的“拉生”、“求生”活动,并由此埋下种种影响未来中学甚至大学素质教育的隐患。即使是在可以一定程度降分录取的“自主招生”和“校长实名推荐制”录取体制中,目前“分数线”也还是压倒性地超过面试成为招生录取的唯一依据与途径。多年来,学校的招生工作队伍为选拔合适生源付出了艰苦的努力,但是,面对目前的高考模式和招生局面,他们的工作正变得越来困难,并且越来越受到唯一的分数线标准牵制而难以有所作为。
我们认为,高考作为一种长期实施、较成功和成熟的大规模,在考查学生的基础知识、基本思维能力等方面,在对学生的智力、知识结构和学习能力进行分类分层区分上是行之有效的。因此,不同区段的高考成绩确实可以作为不同高校招生的最重要依据之一。但是,如果将其作为学校选拔学生的唯一标准,以简单的一两分差别作为判断录取与否的硬性尺度,而不问学生的素质如何、专业理想如何、对于本校热爱与否等,这样的录取必然给以后的培养带来太多的困难。显然,“唯高考分数论”的招生体制是不符合我校人才选拔和创新型、引领型人才培养要求的,也难以全面体现教育公平和素质教育的整体要求。我们认为,至少在北大,已经到了必须下决心予以改革的时候了。
人的素质具有多样性,包括品德、意志、体质、情感、兴趣、志向、习惯等在内的诸多重要素质都是高考难以有效考查的。“唯高考分数论”的招生体制必然会引发中小学教育过于注重考试科目和内容,而忽视其他素质培养的'倾向。长此以往,民族素质将不堪设想。凡高水平的大学都有其独特的历史、文化和办学目标,也都会在招生方面突出其办学特色要求。而在“唯高考分数论”的招生体制下,高校无法根据自身需求选拔学生,面对少数虽然分数高但不一定适合本校培养的学生无法淘汰,面对略低几分的优秀农村考生也爱莫能助,自然难以凸显人才培养的特色和水平,高考热讯《北大11位教授就本科招生致校长的一封信》。更有甚者,在这种体制下,各高校为了所谓“社会声誉”和生源分数线排名,招生工作不是各取所需、量才录用,而是演变为一场拉高分考生和抢“状元”,比分数线高低,甚至比奖学金数额的混战;某些学生和家长凭借一纸高考分数条待价而沽,盲目追逐所谓热门专业,结果不仅会在招生工作中形成恶性循环的不良竞争,而且对我国高等教育的发展和中华民族人才培养的质量乃至社会风气都将产生极为不利的影响,我们对此十分忧虑。
北京大学正在努力建设成为世界一流大学,在人才培养方面,我校也明确提出了培养“各行各业引领型人才”的战略目标。学术科研、社会治理、实业经贸等不同行业对引领型人才的素质要求不同;作为一所拥有人文、社科、理学、工学、医学等多学科的综合性大学,北京大学不同学科的人才培养目标和招生要求也不尽相同。近十年来,北京大学在个性化、多样性人才培养体制和课程体系方面已经做出巨大努力并取得很大成效,这就使得实行个性化、多元化的学生选拔体制显得更加紧迫。
我们在教师岗位的长期实践也已经证明,尽管高考是一种选拔性考试,但在达到一定分数线区段水平之后,高考分数在进一步的人才筛选和区分方面就几乎没有什么实质性的意义。在高考分数接近的学生群体中,综合素质,尤其是兴趣、抱负、专业使命感和社会责任感等非智力因素,将是个人未来成长的重要因素。
有鉴于此,我们建议,北京大学应当进一步加大招生改革力度,率先摆脱“唯高考分数论”的羁绊与束缚,尝试采用“高考成绩与本校专家面试相结合”的招生选拔方式。即在以中学学习情况和高考成绩为主要参考依据的基础上,通过增加考生提交申请和多学科专家团队面试的环节,加强对学生意愿动机、平时表现、创新能力、综合素质等的考察,以此综合决定对学生的录取与否,从而维系招生工作中高校的自主性,扩大高校教师在招生选拔过程中的作用。同时,为了实现这一改革,学校应该采取有效措施,通过科学严谨的程序设计和制度安排,以确保公开公正公平的选拔原则,防止腐败行为的发生。
其实,这种在笔试基础上进行面试招生的制度,是世界著名大学的普遍做法,在我国的研究生招生工作中也有着长期的、成功的。因此,我们认为,北大完全有能力、有信心将这一成功体制引入到本科招生工作中来,并在一定范围内试点之后,逐渐推广。
“北大是常为新的”,北大在全国高校招生方面也应该努力起到积极的引领作用。《国家中长期教育改革和发展规划纲要》已明确提出要建立健全有利于优秀人才选拔的多元录取机制。因此我们认为,北大的招生改革已经刻不容缓,也适逢其时。
尊敬的周校长,我们深知您是一位具有强烈责任心和使命感的校长,盼望您能认真考虑我们的建议,推动这一或许具有突破性意义招生改革。
此致
敬礼!
致信人:
Yesterday was Father's Day. I had planned to give my father a present. But I didn't remember it until in the morning.It was too late to post a card to him. So I decided to buy something. When I was in the department store. I found it was not easy for me to choose something right for him. Suddenly I
got an idea. I ran home and opened my computer. I made a beautiful card and mailed him through the Internet. then I began to make supper. When father came home, he was very glad to find a big meal on the table. then I asked him to check his e-mail. He was amazed to find a beautiful card in his e-mail-box.
What a wonderful surprise!
Dear Dad,
Today is father’s day, for so many years I’ve been seekig a way to express my heartfelt thanks for all you have done for me. Here comes it!
Thank you for always being there sharing my life when I need you most. Whenever I encounter difficulties, I never feel alone and vulnerable, because you will keep me on the right path. I’m blessed to have you.
Thank you for offering me education and teaching me how to be a man. You always inspire me not by words, but by what you have done! Your efforts in the work, your loyalty to your friends, your responsibility for the family and your persistence in the life have already set me good examples in my own life.
Thank you for always appreciating my work, no matter how tiny it is! You have made me realize that it’s capacity not scores that really counts.
Dad, I love you and I will love you forever!
Yours beloved,
Li Ming
Dear Mr.Smith,
I am indeed very sorry that I missed the examination on International Business English Writing you gave last Friday. I feel awful about it and want you to know what happened that day.
I suddenly fell sick early that morning and my parents had to send me to the hospital.Please find enclosed a copy of the medical bill.
I sincerely hope you can understand my situation and accept my apology. I would appreciate your allowing me to take a make-up examination. I will come to your office during your office hour on Monday to discuss this possibility with you. Once again, I apologize for any inconvenience caused.
Sincerelyyours,
Wang Hua
Dear ,
Much to my regret / I amterribly sorry that I am unable to . It is mainly because at that timeI will be full occupied by which is quite out of my expectation, and thatconflicts with your .Therefore I am forced to adjust my schedule and cannot make my presence on your . I sincerely hope thatyou will enjoy a good time. By the way, can we have dinner together some timenext week? I hope to see you soon.
I am really sorry againand I trust that you will understand.
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
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