1。thereof
以”there”为前缀加上介词构成的词,如thereafter, thereby, therein, thereinafter, thereinbefore, thereon, thereof, thereunder, thereupon, therewith等,在文中具体指什么,需要读者依照合同的上下文来判断,因而理解起来比较复杂,请看下例:
This Agreement is written in the English language。 In case of any discrepancy between the English version and any translation thereof, the English text shall govern。 句中”the English version and any translation thereof”从上下文判断意为 “the English version and any translation of the English version”,即thereof一词代替of the English version。与以here开头的词如hereof的理解方法类似。
2。therein
该词意为in that, in that particular
context, in that respect,“在那里”,“在那点上”,“在那方面”,表示上文已提及的“合同中的”“工程中的”。如:the contract or any part thereof意为the contract or any part of the contract,合同或合同的任何部分。
3。thereto
该词意为:to that,“随附”,“附之”,如:“Contract Products” means the products specified in Appendix 2 to this Contract, together with all improvements and modifications thereof or developments with respect thereto。 句中or developments with respect thereto 意为:or developments with respect to the developments。
4。thereunder
该词意为:under that, “在其下”,“依照”,如:The Borrower fails to pay any amount payable thereunder as and when such amount shall become payable。 句中any amount payable thereunder意为any amount payable under the contract。
1。Whereas
该词意为:considering that, “鉴于”,“就(而论”,常用于合同协议书的开头段落以引出合同双方订立合同的理由或依据。如:Whereas Party A desires to use the Patented Technology of Party B to manufacture and sell the Contract Products……鉴于甲方希望利用乙方的专利技术制造并销售合同产品。
2。Whereby
该词意为:by the agreement, by the following terms and conditions,“凭此协议”,“凭此条款”,常用于合同协议书中以引出合同当事人应承担的主要合同义务。如:
A sales contract refers to a contract whereby the seller transfers the ownership of an object to the buyer and the buyer pays the price for the object。 句中a contract whereby the seller transfers……意为:a contract by which the seller transfers……
以上是对外经贸合同英语中几个典型旧体词用词方面的重要的特点,笔者希望初涉外经贸合同的教师和学生予以留意,有针对性地学习,达到事半功倍的效果;也希望进行外贸合同写作时也能把握住这几个特点,写出好的外经贸合同,顺利地进行外贸业务往来。
Children's finally here, it is our holiday, but imagine the children also accompanied by together, everybody is more excited.
Children on this day, white clouds float over the blue sky, the children also have made a hot air balloon, they sit together on yourself a hot-air balloon, extremely happy! Balloon flying high, and finally flew to the sky, the children are in the sky holiday, the children sit on clouds, umpa jump, like a frisky little monkey.
Playing children, suddenly to rain cats and dogs, the children of the balloon has stalled, baiyun sister swept away by the wind, the children fell into despair. Is a time of crisis, a group of dragonflies sister and sister flew caught the children, and the safety of the children to the ground.
On the ground, only butterflies woven into a rainbow "lei", the children wear a wreath, some like a fairy, some like a warrior.
Play tired, the children fell asleep between full of fragrance of flowers.
Children's good play my imagination, to one day be able to live in such a children's day.
那一年,你18岁,初进联盟,受世人怀疑,拿下扣篮冠军
那一年,你19岁,史上ALL STAR首发,惊艳世人
那一年,你20岁,坐稳球队先发,场均19+,成为一股不可忽视的力量
那一年,你21岁,OK形成,所向披靡,初登顶峰
那一年,你22岁,OK季后赛无敌,卫冕成功
那一年,你23岁,艰难踏平阿科球馆,three peat,王朝诞生
那一年,你24岁,双塔现身,败走圣城
那一年,你25岁,0.4秒奇迹,碍于球队内讧,迷失于汽车城
那一年,你26岁,球队分崩离析,独自带队,承受伤痛和孤独
那一年,你27岁,81分震古烁今,35.4分成为传奇传颂,首夺得分王,苦战太阳,悲壮败走凤凰城
那一年,你28岁,连续4场50+,唤醒沉睡的大北斗,蝉联得分王,季后赛却继续失意
那一年,你29岁,震惊联盟的交易,换来最可靠的战友,第一座MVP是对你最好的褒奖,从回属于你的舞台,虽然败走波士顿,但是希望重现
那一年,你30岁,在魔幻的迪士尼城,梦幻般的表演,拿到梦寐以求的FMVP和属于你的总冠军,那时你笑的像个孩子
那一年,你31岁,天使城的第七场,肉搏般的战斗,战胜敌波士顿,蝉联属于你的总冠军,那时的夏天是最美好的夏天
那一年,你32岁,膝盖磨损严重,伤病无处不在,落寞的离开达拉斯,那个夏天众人都说你老了,你不行了,你完蛋了。我在心中说,你会回来的
那一年,你33岁,当当的离开,禅师的归隐,家庭的离析,你却用背靠背40+像众人证明,你还是那个科比,你就是一个喜欢打篮球的孩子
在今年,你34岁,每当你无奈的离开,我的心里都会真真的痛,我不希望曾经的我科就会从此黯然神伤,可当你赢球的时候,你还是那个科比,你就是一个喜欢打篮球的孩子
后一年,你35岁,36岁,37岁....... 无论怎么样,我们在你身后,我就想安安静静的看着你投篮,投 篮,后仰随着时间缓缓的走向终点,我此刻再也忍不住内心的忧伤,科比。布莱恩特,属于你的赛季又结束了,对于你,一个三十四岁的老球员用34岁的年龄轰出了25岁的数据,42分,这是他在落幕战红出的.数据,别告诉我你们的詹皇昨天的数据,我只想说,你们的詹皇才28岁。看到他最后落寞的背影,我的心被深深地刺痛了。和雷霆的这个系列赛,他一路走得太过艰难。这个系列赛,他流了太多的汗和泪,这个比铁还硬的男人,即使自己骨折的手指被强行搬回原位,只为了一场胜利,也没有落过一滴泪。
今天,2016年4月14日,你打完了人生中组以后一场战役,光荣地退役了。这意味着一个时代的结束,再见,我亲爱的赛场传奇,我亲爱的科比。
1。hereby
该词意为by means of , by reason of this, by this agreement,“特此”,“因此”,“兹”,“在此”。此词常用作法律、经贸文件、合同、协议书等正式文件的开头语,在合同条款中需特别强调时也可用,表示当事人借此合约,要宣示某种具有法律效力的“意思表示”,如保证、同意、放弃权利等,一般放于主语后,紧邻主语。如:The Company hereby covenants and warrants that…… 意为:By this agreement the Company covenants and warrants that……即:公司在此保证……再如:Both parties hereby agree that……意为:By this agreement both parties agree that……即:双方当事人在此同意……
2。hereof
该词意为:of this agreement,“关于此点”;“在本文件中”,表示上文已提及的“本合同的、本文件的……”,一般置于要修饰的名词的后面,与之紧邻。如:to take effect on the date hereof 意为:to take effect on the date of this agreement 即:于本合约之日期生效。再如:the headings of the sections hereof 意为:the headings of the sections of this agreement 即:本合约各条款之标题。
3。hereto
该词意为:to this agreement,“至此”,“在此”,表示上文已提及的“本合同的……本文件的……”,一般置于要修饰的`名词的后面,与之紧邻。如:both parties hereto 意为both parties to this agreement,即本合约之当事人双方;items specified in Attachment I and hereto 意为:items specified in Attachment I to this agreement 即:本合约之附件I所列之各项。
4。herein
该词意为:in this agreement,“此中”,“于此”,表示上文已提及的“本合同(中)的……,本法(中)的……”等,一般置于所修饰词后,紧邻所修饰词。如:to file a suit in the court agreed to herein 意为:to file a suit in the court agreed to in this agreement 即:向当事人于本合约中同意管辖的法院提起诉讼;再如:to follow the terms and conditions herein 意为:to follow the terms and conditions in this agreement,即:遵守本合约所规定的条件。
5。hereinafter
该词意为:later in the same Contract,“以下”,“在下文”,一般与to be referred to as, referred to as, called 等词组连用,以避免重复。
6。hereunder
该词意为:under this agreement,“在本合约内”、“依据本合约”。如:obligations hereunder,意为obligations under this agreement,即“本合约内的义务”。再如:rights granted hereunder,意为rights granted under this agreement,即“依本合约所赋予的权利”。
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