1 No one can deny the fact that ...
2 The idea is hardly supported by facts.
3 Unfortunately, none of the available data shows ...
1。 头绪分明,脉络清楚
写好记叙文,首先要头绪分明,脉络清楚,明确文章要求写什么。要对所写的事件或人物进行分析,弄清事件发生、发展一直到结束的整个过程,然后再收集选取素材。这些素材都应该跟上述五个“ W ”和一个“ H ”有关。尽管不是每篇记叙文里都必须包括这些“ W ”和“ H ”,但动笔之前,围绕五个“ W ”和“ H ”进行构思是必不可少的。
2。 突出中心,详略得当
在文章的框架确定后,对支持故事的素材的选取是很关键的。选材要注意取舍,应该从表现文章主题的需要出发,分清主次,定好详略。要突出重点,详写细述那些能表现文章主题的重要情节,略写粗述那么非关键的次要情节。面面俱到反而使情节罗列化,使人不得要领。这一点是写好记叙文要解决的一个基本问题,也需要一定的技巧。如:
One night a man came to our house and told me, "There is a family with eight children。 They have not eaten for days。" I took some food with me and went。
When I finally came to that family, I saw the faces of those little children disfigured (破坏外貌) by hunger。 There was no sorrow or sadness in their faces, just the deep pain of hunger。
I gave the rice to the mother。 She divided the rice in two, and went out, carrying half the rice。 When she came back, I asked her, "Where did you go?" she gave me this simple answer, "To my neighbors — they are hungry also!"
3。 用活语言,准确生动
记叙文要用具体的事件和生动的语言对人、事、物加以叙述。一篇好的记叙文的语言既要准确、生动,又要表现力强,这样才能把人、事描写得具体生动,其可读性才强。试比较下面一篇例文修改的前后效果。
原文:
One day Xiaoqiang was wandering away。 He was soon lost among people and traffic。 He could not find the way back home and started crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by found him standing alone in front of a shop and crying。 They went up to Xiaoqiang and asked him what had happened。 Xiaoqiang told them how he got lost and where he lived。 The two students decided to take him home。 Mother was pleased to see Xiaoqiang come back safe and sound。 She invited the two students into the house and gave them some money, but they didn't take it。 She served them with tea but they left。
修改后:
The other day, five-year-old Xiaoqiang left home alone and wandered happily in the street。 After some time, he felt hungry so he wanted to go back home。 But he found he was lost among the crowded people and heavy traffic。 When he could not find the way home, he started and crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by from school found him sanding crying in front of a shop。 They immediately went up to him。
"Little boy, why are you standing here crying?" they asked。
"I want Mom, I go home。" said the boy, still crying。
"Don't worry, we'll send you home。"
And they spent the next two hours looking for the boy's house。 With the help of a policeman, they finally found it。
When the worried mother saw her son come back safe and sound, she was so thankful and she invited the students into her house。 Gratefully, she offered them some money, saying it was a way to express her thanks, but the young students firmly refused it and left without even a cup of tea。
我是一个业余的围棋爱好者,在周末,常常会和爸爸下棋,也经常在网上看高手下棋,从中我不但得到了许多乐趣,也感悟到了不少哲理。
“琴棋书画”,其中的“棋”指的就是围棋。可以说,围棋是所有棋类运动中最完美的,它的棋局变化万千,它的棋盘也不像象棋那样局限,平和的局面可能会暗藏机。
从棋局中,我学会了谨慎。小时候我就听说过一句话“人生如棋局,误落一子,满盘皆输”,但我并不理解这句话,不是说失败是成功之母吗,走错了一步可以回头再来。现在,在棋局中,我终于领悟了其中的道理,在人生中,走错一步有时并不像失败那么简单,这就如同棋局中落子无悔,一手失误如果被对手抓住了机会,整个局面就会陷入被动,几手棋可能难以见出胜负,但到最后,胜负自然分晓了。
棋局让我明白胜负不在于一时得失,万事要顾大局。棋局总是千变万化的,在每一个变化中,总有大大小小的得失,而这些得失并不意味着胜负。高手的棋常常让我捉摸不透,明明在这片棋的变化中有着优势,而下着下着反而亏了几目。听了讲解,再思考了许久后我才明白,在这块棋中,虽然亏了几目,看一看全局会发现,局面有了巨大的优势。有时为了一边一角的争夺,人们常会忽略了大局,在局部取得了小的胜利而输了全盘。当然胜利也是有一边一角拼凑而成的,在收官阶段,每一手棋都要小心谨慎,任何小的得失都可能会改变局面,需要我们脚踏实地,才能取得胜利。
除了人生哲理,种种兵法也都能体现在围棋中,古时候的将领都必须有较高的围棋水平,棋局就像战场,制胜之道皆在其中。
围棋中的哲理当然远远不止这些,其中的奥妙可以让人探索一生,它需要我们用心去感悟,细细品味,你会发现,棋局,值得品味。
1:Peoples views onvary from person to person. Some hold thatHowever, others believe that
2:People may have different opinions on
3:Attitudes towards vary from person to person.==Different people hold different attitudes towards
4:There are different opinions among people as to
议论文定义:对某一事物或现象发表自己观点、立场、态度或主张的文体。议论文三要素:论点、论据、论证。
论据的类型:事实论据、道理论据。
常见的论证方法:
举例论证、道理论证、对比论证、比喻论证。
议论文的基本结构:提出问题、分析问题、解决问题。
论证的方式:立论、驳论。
1 A good case in point is ...
2 As an illustration, we may take ...
3 Such examples might be given easily.
4 ...is often cited as an example.
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