海伦.凯勒的《假如给我三天光明》曾经感动过很多人,而从本文中我们也能看出作者对亲情、自然、生活的热爱。
①看题目,不少题目本身就是本文的说明对象。如《中国石拱桥》、《看云识天气》等;
②抓首括句和中心句。说明文往往运用这种句子来突出所要说明的事物和特征;
③根据文章内容概括。
①加点字有何作用?
②加点字或词语能否换成另一个词?并说明理由。
③加点词(限制性可否删去?为什么?
①准确(生动形象地说明了……的……的……特征(或…事理。
②不可以换;原词的意思是…,所换之词的意思是…,换了后意思就变成了……;与实际不符。
③不能删除;如“比较、几乎、相当”等词表程度;“大约、可能、左右”等表估计;“多、有余”等表数量;若删去,原来的意思就变成了……,与实际不符,太绝对了;体现了说明文语言的准确性和严密性。
注:以上只是说明文阅读的常规知识。
如“大约、可能、左右”等。
说明文语言的准确性往往体现在一些副词、连词、形容词、数量词以及限制性词和短语上,如“只有、全、最主要、最”等,这些词语从时间、范围、数量等方面起到修饰限制作用。
A constantly doing memory work
B making frequent adjustments
C going through specific training
D taking part in various mental activities
注:考第三段末句。
Many experts are so convinced of the benefits of challenging the brain that they are putting the theory to work in their own lives. The idea is not necessarily to learn to memorize enormous amounts of information, says James Fozard, associate director of the National Institute on Aging. Most of us dont need that kind of skill. Such specific training is of less interest than being able to maintain mental alertness. Fozard and others say they challenge their brains with different mental skills, both because they enjoy them and because they are sure that their range of activities will help the way their brains work.
23. The findings of James and other scientists in their work _________.
A remain a theory to be further proved
B have been challenged by many other experts
C are practised by the researchers themselves
D have been generally accepted
注:第三段首句中的theory等同于findings。
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