慢慢长大,那个会在夕阳下奔跑的疯小孩也渐渐模糊了背影,曾经执着的风景也如所有的旧时光一样被抛诸脑后。直到有一天被突然问起,你心中最动人的风景是什么?
何处风景最动人,是河畔的金柳,波光里的艳影,还是四月里一树树的花开?我不确定。
一路思考,仍没有答案。回家后将自己埋进沙发,我知道自己又较真了。这或许只是朋友一次突然兴趣来潮的提问,不是所有问题都能找到合适的答案。然而我却情不自禁的一遍又一遍思考。
熟悉的小调响起,打断我的思绪。那声音有些破碎,偶尔还有一两声奇怪的变调。我轻笑,母亲又在哼歌了。
母亲是一个与音乐天赋无缘的人,但是却喜欢唱歌,准确地说应该是哼歌,因为她从来记不住一首歌的歌词。
我起身,朝厨房走去。
母亲坐在一个小凳子上,轻轻哼着不知名的曲调,身体随着音乐偶尔摆动,几绺发丝调皮的垂落,又被漫不经心地别到耳后。望着被母亲草草束起的凌乱的.头发,终于忍不住失声笑了出来,“妈,你又偷懒不梳头发。”母亲回头,像个小孩子一样嘟着嘴,委屈而又无辜地说:“今天双休,头发也放假。”我一时语塞,母亲得意地扬头,举着手里的面皮转移话题:“今天给你们做馄饨,你们有口福了。”说完,回头边包馄饨,边摇晃着脑袋哼歌曲,嘴角勾出浅浅的微笑,温温润润,像一道美丽的夕阳橙光让人心动。
心动!我愕然!望着母亲忙碌的背影,蓬松的头发,浅浅的微笑……一种悸动在心中氤氲弥漫。我所寻觅的动人的风景,不就在身边吗?
喜欢夕阳,因为落日的尽头,有等待的身影;喜欢四月的花开,因为鲜妍的花香里有柔情闪烁;喜欢金柳,喜欢波光,因为清泠的柔波里有温情荡漾。
风景动人,因为有你、有暖。
因为有你、有暖,身边的风景也动人。
Last Sunday, Jim went out to fly a kite. The kite flew highly in the sky. Jim ran with it happily.
Suddenly the line was broken and the kite flew away. Soon it disappeared. Where was it?
Jim had no idea. So he had to run here and there to look for the kite. At last he saw it on the top of the tree. He tried to get it down. But he couldn’t. He felt sad.
清晨,我走在上学路上。凉爽的风轻轻吹过,草丛里透着露珠的温润,采撷了泥土的芬芳,积蓄了一夜的温度,迎着青涩的晨光,散发着淡淡的香。阳光深深慵懒的腰肢,腆起身子在天空的一角醒盹。浓密的树叶间传出鸟儿婉转动听的啁啾,于是,阳光终于醒来,绽开灿烂的笑脸。蓝天,大地,融为自然美丽的画卷,我如坠入画中。
清晨,随走随看,我看到更多美丽的风景。大街上,两位熟识的老人相遇,都不由自主地伸出手握在一起,亲切地交谈。在晨光下,老人脸上的皱纹像一朵风干的花儿,分外动人。大街上,还有背着书包骑车的同学,像一缕“七彩”的风轻快地从人们身旁穿过。还不会走路的婴儿,瞪着清澈的双眸,瞧瞧这儿,看看那儿。有时,口水从小嘴里流出来,他就舞动着小手,摇晃着身体,似乎想要快快长大,挣脱大人的怀抱。这一切都笼罩在淡淡的晨光中,成为和谐、温馨、动人的一景。
中午,乡间的小路上,静悄悄的。太阳静静地挂在天空,像一位慈祥的老者,微笑地望着小路。坑坑洼洼的路面上积存着尘土,当一双脚走过,尘土会调皮地蹿起来,钻进鞋垫、鞋尖,或者覆盖鞋面上,给鲜亮的鞋子涂上泥土的颜色,那是小路在亲切地向你打着招呼。小路笼罩在暖暖的骄阳中,成为亲切、静谧、安详的一景。
傍晚,放学了,校园里热闹非凡。甬路上。同学们背着书包,吹着口哨,三三两两相约前行。瞧,他正迈着轻松的“猫步”,“鬼使神差”般尾随到一个同学的身后,然后,使劲一拍那人的肩膀,脸上浮现调皮的笑容,发梢也被夕阳染成红色,灿灿生光。“啊?!”一声惊呼,“吓我一跳!”“哈哈。”响起一串清脆的笑声……操场上。看那一个个篮球健将生龙活虎。操场四周雷鸣般的掌声此起彼伏。拉拉队扯开嗓子大吼“加油,加油!”。一道优美的弧线如流星划过天际,不偏不倚投进了球篮中,一个绝妙的“大灌篮”,全场轰动起来,有的同学兴奋得跳起来,有的拥抱在一起,有的任喜悦的泪水挥洒……这是蓬勃、青春、多彩的一景。
从早到晚,我一路走,一路欣赏不停变幻的风景,深深地感受到:生活真美好!
1。 叙述的人称
英语的记叙文一般是以第一或第三人称的角度来叙述的。用第一称表示的是由叙述者亲眼所见、亲耳所闻的经历。它的优点在于能把故事的情节通过“我”来传达给读者,使人到真实可信,如身临其境。如:
The other day, I was driving along the street。 Suddenly, a car lost its control and ran directly towards me fast。 I was so frightened that I quickly turned to the left side。 But it was too late。 The car hit my bike and I fell off it。
用第三人称叙述,优点在于叙述者不受“我”活动范围以内的人和事物的限制,而是通过作者与读者之外的第三者,直接把故事中的情节展现在读者面前,文章的客观性很强。如:
Little Tom was going to school with an umbrella, for it was raining hard。 On the way, he saw an old woman walking in the rain with nothing to cover。 Tom went up to the old woman and wanted to share the umbrella with her, but he was too short。 What could he do? Then he had a good idea。
2。 动词的时态
在记叙文中,记和叙都离不开动词。所以动词出现率最高,且富于变化。记叙文中用得最多的是动词的过去的',这是英语记叙文区别于汉语记叙文的关键之处。英语写作的优美之处就在于这些动词时态的变化,正是这一点才使得所记、所叙有鲜活的动态感、鲜明的层次感和立体感。
3。 叙述的顺序
记叙一件事要有一定的顺序。无论是顺叙、倒叙、插叙还是补叙,都要让读者能弄清事情的来龙去脉。顺叙最容易操作,较容易给读者提供有关事情的空间和时间线索。但这种方法也容易使文章显得平铺直叙,读起来平淡乏味。倒叙、插叙、补叙等叙述方法能有效地提高文章的结构效果,让所叙之事跌宕起伏,使读者在阅读时思维产生较大的跳跃,从而为文章所吸引,深入其中。但这些方法如果使用不当,则容易弄巧成拙,使文章结构散乱,头绪不清,让读者不知所云。
4。 叙述的过渡
过渡在上下文中起着承上启下、融会贯通的作用。过渡往往用在地点转移或时间、事件转换以及由概括说明到具体叙述时。如:
In my summer holidays, I did a lot of things。 Apart form doing my homework, reading an English novel, watching TV and doing some housework, I went on a trip to Qingdao。 It is really a beautiful city。 There are many places of interest to see。 But what impressed me most was the sunrise。
The next morning I got up early。 I was very happy because it was a fine day。 By the time I got to the beach, the clouds on the horizon were turning red。 In a little while, a small part of the sun was gradually appearing。 The sun was very red, not shining。 It rose slowly。 At last it broke through the red clouds and jumped above the sea, just like a deep-red ball。 At the same time the clouds and the sea water became red and bright。
What a moving and unforgettable scene!
5。 叙述与对话
引用故事情节中主要人物的对话是记叙文提高表现力的一种好方法。适当地用直接引语代替间接的主观叙述,可以客观生动地反映人物的性格、品质和心理状态,使记叙生动、有趣,使文章内容更加充实、具体。试比较下面两段的叙述效果:
I was in the kitchen, and I was cooking something。 Suddenly I heard a loud noise from the front。 I thought maybe someone was knocking the door。 I asked who it was but I heard no reply。 After a while I saw my cat running across the parlor。 I realized it was the cat。 I felt released。
这本来应是一段故事性很强的文字,但经作者这么一写,就不那么吸引人了。原因是文中用的都是叙述模式,没有人物语言,把“悬念”给冲淡了。可作如下调整:
I was in the kitchen cooking something。 "Crash!" a loud noise came from the front。 Thinking someone was knocking at the door, I asked, "Who?" No reply。 After a while, I saw my cat running across the parlor。 "It's you。" I said, quite released。
1。 头绪分明,脉络清楚
写好记叙文,首先要头绪分明,脉络清楚,明确文章要求写什么。要对所写的事件或人物进行分析,弄清事件发生、发展一直到结束的整个过程,然后再收集选取素材。这些素材都应该跟上述五个“ W ”和一个“ H ”有关。尽管不是每篇记叙文里都必须包括这些“ W ”和“ H ”,但动笔之前,围绕五个“ W ”和“ H ”进行构思是必不可少的。
2。 突出中心,详略得当
在文章的框架确定后,对支持故事的素材的选取是很关键的。选材要注意取舍,应该从表现文章主题的需要出发,分清主次,定好详略。要突出重点,详写细述那些能表现文章主题的重要情节,略写粗述那么非关键的次要情节。面面俱到反而使情节罗列化,使人不得要领。这一点是写好记叙文要解决的一个基本问题,也需要一定的技巧。如:
One night a man came to our house and told me, "There is a family with eight children。 They have not eaten for days。" I took some food with me and went。
When I finally came to that family, I saw the faces of those little children disfigured (破坏外貌) by hunger。 There was no sorrow or sadness in their faces, just the deep pain of hunger。
I gave the rice to the mother。 She divided the rice in two, and went out, carrying half the rice。 When she came back, I asked her, "Where did you go?" she gave me this simple answer, "To my neighbors — they are hungry also!"
3。 用活语言,准确生动
记叙文要用具体的事件和生动的语言对人、事、物加以叙述。一篇好的记叙文的语言既要准确、生动,又要表现力强,这样才能把人、事描写得具体生动,其可读性才强。试比较下面一篇例文修改的前后效果。
原文:
One day Xiaoqiang was wandering away。 He was soon lost among people and traffic。 He could not find the way back home and started crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by found him standing alone in front of a shop and crying。 They went up to Xiaoqiang and asked him what had happened。 Xiaoqiang told them how he got lost and where he lived。 The two students decided to take him home。 Mother was pleased to see Xiaoqiang come back safe and sound。 She invited the two students into the house and gave them some money, but they didn't take it。 She served them with tea but they left。
修改后:
The other day, five-year-old Xiaoqiang left home alone and wandered happily in the street。 After some time, he felt hungry so he wanted to go back home。 But he found he was lost among the crowded people and heavy traffic。 When he could not find the way home, he started and crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by from school found him sanding crying in front of a shop。 They immediately went up to him。
"Little boy, why are you standing here crying?" they asked。
"I want Mom, I go home。" said the boy, still crying。
"Don't worry, we'll send you home。"
And they spent the next two hours looking for the boy's house。 With the help of a policeman, they finally found it。
When the worried mother saw her son come back safe and sound, she was so thankful and she invited the students into her house。 Gratefully, she offered them some money, saying it was a way to express her thanks, but the young students firmly refused it and left without even a cup of tea。
一、一组以动词为标题的作文。备考“同行、依偎、品尝、怀念、尝试、倾听、喝彩……”之类的作文。叙述成长中发生的故事,提炼生活的感悟,抒发对这个社会、家庭、学校的认知和感情。
二、一组以形容词和名字为标题的作文。备考“滋味、幸福、智慧、温暖、快乐、浪漫……”之类的作文,抒发自己对生活的认知,感受生活的本真面目,呈现出青春的.朝气和活力。上述两组作文,基本是以第一人称写,逮住作文题的难度不很大。
三、一组虚题实写的作文,把题目中的名词寄托上象征的涵义。如《生活的滋味》、《XX的风景》、《青春的脚步》、《阳光总在风雨后》、《让阳光穿越心灵的黑洞》、《点燃心灵的名灯》等,需要考生在叙事中,与题眼产生紧密联系。这类作文对考生是一种考验。
四、以感动、珍惜为话题的作文。选择生活中平凡而又感人的细节,写出你的真情。即使不会遇到此类题目,作文的题材也可以参考。很多,多与这类话题擦边儿。
五、话题作文之自然界方面的名词。如:天空、雨、阳光、风景、路、河流。等等。这类作文,考生可以抒发对大自然的认识,同时在考场上可以灵机一动,去写景。
六、围绕“诚信”、“冷漠”、“挫折”、“奉献”等词汇,适当针对议论文进行训练。基本是三种格式:正反面论述联系实际、并列段分论点、提出问题分析问题解决问题。议论文必须联系实际,不要过多联系古人。这类作文,也针对给材料作文。
七、应用文类小作文不可小觑,它比大作文更容易跑分。通知、倡议书、感谢信、请假条、寻物启事等书信类小作文要熟悉格式。颁奖词、短信、天气预报、辩论词、开场白、短小精悍的说明文,必须要练习到。
八、看图作文适当备考。譬如让考生写一个图片的说明文、议论文、记叙文,或者让考生提炼主题,写一篇作文。这类作文难就难在考生不容易与记叙文进行联系,找不到生活中可以类比的题材。
九、注意作文题目以外的技巧——题记不要滥用,不要写古人了,小标题小过渡段要用好,写景作文,童话作文,并列段作文,开头结尾的方法等,都要用熟练。尤其是小标题作文,在考场上运用熟练了,可以提分的。
十、趁最后一段时间,老师和家长要对孩子进行誊抄训练,练习一下,把字写方正,知道作文的修改方法。必须要记住,卷面本身的整洁,是得高分的必需因素。
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