一般说来,用on和at表示“as soon as, once”。on后面常接“来、去”之类的词,at后面常接“听到、看到”之类的词。in后面接其他带动作的词,相对于从属连词“while”。
例1:On removing them he was stunned to see that the plates were fogged where the crystals had covered them.当他把晶体揭开时,发现盘子上方雾蒙蒙,他吃了一惊。
例2:In running down the stairs, I heard the clock struck twelve.
我在跑下楼的时候,听见钟敲了十二下。
例3:He jumped with joy at hearing the news.他一听到这个消息就高兴得跳了起来。
宾语从句的语序要用陈述句语序,但要注意当疑问词为主语时,句式为:疑问词+谓语+其他,问句和陈述句语序一样。
典型例题:I didn't know ?
A. What wrong was with her B.what was wrong with her
C .what wrong is with her D.what is wrong with her
解析:主句是一般过去时,从句要用相应过去时态,所以排除C和D;在what was wrong with her中,what作主语,所以问句本身又是陈述句语序,不用变化。
答案:B
1.主句是一般现在时,从句可以为各种时态。
2.主句是一般过去时,从句要用相应过去时态。
注意:从句描绘客观事实、真理、自然现象等,从句时态不受主句时态限制,仍用一般现在时。
例句:He answered that he was listening to me.
Father told me that practice makes perfect .
1.从句为陈述句,常选择引导词that,that引导宾语从句无意义,不充当句子成分常省略。例句:He told us (that they would help us through the whole work.
2.从句为一般疑问句,常选择引导词if或whether,表示“是否”。在whether … or not结构中不能用if替换。例句:I don’t know if there will be a bus any more.
3.从句为特殊疑问句,常选择what,when,where,which,who,how等的疑问代词、副词作引导词。例句:He didn’t tell me when we should meet again.
1.Theplace_______interestedmemostwastheChildren'sPalace.
A.WhichB.whereC.whatD.inwhich
2.Doyouknowtheman_______?
A.whomIspokeB.tow
hospokeC.IspoketoD.thatIspoke
3.Thisisthehotel_______lastmonth.
A.whichtheystayedB.atthattheystayed
C.wheretheystayedatD.wheretheystayed
4.Doyouknowtheyear______theChinesewasfounded?
A.whichB.thatC.whenD.onwhich
5.Thatistheday______I'llneverforget.
A.whichB.onwhichC.inwhichD.when
6.Thefactory______we'llvisitnextweekisnotfarfromhere.
A.whereB.towhichC.whichD.inwhich
7.Greatchangeshavetakenplacesincetheninthefactory_______weareworking.
A.whereB.thatC.whichD.there
8.Thisisoneofthebestfilms_______.
A.thathavebeenshownthisyearB.thathaveshown
C.thathasbeenshownthisyearD.thatyoutalked
9.Canyoulendmethebook______theotherday?
A.aboutwhichyoutalkedB.whichyoutalked
C.aboutthatyoutalkedD.thatyoutalked
10.Thepen______heiswritingismine.
A.withwhichB.inwhichC.onwhichD.bywhich
11.Theyarrivedatafarmhouse,infrontof______satasmallboy.
A.whomB.whoC.whichD.that
12.Itthereanyoneinyourclass______familyisinthecountry?
A.whoB.who'sC.whichD.whose
13.Iwanttousethesamedictionary______wasusedyesterday.
A.whichB.whoC.whatD.as
14.Icanneverforgettheday_______weworkedtogetherandtheday______wespenttogether.
A.when;whichB.which;whenC.what;thatD.onwhich;when
15.Thisisthereason______hedidn'tcometothemeeting.
A.inwhichB.withwhichC.thatD.forwhich
16.There’relotsofthings_____IneedtodobeforeIleave.
A.thatB.whoC.whyD.what
17.Doyouliketheredcar______wasmadeinTianjin?
A.whereB.whoC.whichD.when
18.--Doyouknoweverybody______cametotheparty?
--Almost,butIdon’tknowtheone______youtalkedwithnearthedoor.
A.who,/B.whose,thatC.that,whichD./,whom
19.Thisisall_____Iknowaboutthematter.
A.thatB.whatC.asD.whether
当which引导的定语从句指代主句全部内容时,可以把which改为it,作形式主语,把原来的主句改成正在主语。或者把定语从句的整个信息改换为名词短语作主语,使原来的定语从句变成简单句。
例4: He indulges himself all day in computer games, which makes his parents extremely sad.
改为:It makes his parents extremely sad that he indulges himself all day in computer games.
他整天沉湎于电脑游戏,这使他父母伤心至极。(主语从句
或者:His indulgence in computer games all day makes his parents extremely sad. (名词短语
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