1。 头绪分明,脉络清楚
写好记叙文,首先要头绪分明,脉络清楚,明确文章要求写什么。要对所写的事件或人物进行分析,弄清事件发生、发展一直到结束的整个过程,然后再收集选取素材。这些素材都应该跟上述五个“ W ”和一个“ H ”有关。尽管不是每篇记叙文里都必须包括这些“ W ”和“ H ”,但动笔之前,围绕五个“ W ”和“ H ”进行构思是必不可少的。
2。 突出中心,详略得当
在文章的框架确定后,对支持故事的素材的选取是很关键的。选材要注意取舍,应该从表现文章主题的需要出发,分清主次,定好详略。要突出重点,详写细述那些能表现文章主题的重要情节,略写粗述那么非关键的次要情节。面面俱到反而使情节罗列化,使人不得要领。这一点是写好记叙文要解决的一个基本问题,也需要一定的技巧。如:
One night a man came to our house and told me, "There is a family with eight children。 They have not eaten for days。" I took some food with me and went。
When I finally came to that family, I saw the faces of those little children disfigured (破坏外貌) by hunger。 There was no sorrow or sadness in their faces, just the deep pain of hunger。
I gave the rice to the mother。 She divided the rice in two, and went out, carrying half the rice。 When she came back, I asked her, "Where did you go?" she gave me this simple answer, "To my neighbors — they are hungry also!"
3。 用活语言,准确生动
记叙文要用具体的事件和生动的语言对人、事、物加以叙述。一篇好的记叙文的语言既要准确、生动,又要表现力强,这样才能把人、事描写得具体生动,其可读性才强。试比较下面一篇例文修改的前后效果。
原文:
One day Xiaoqiang was wandering away。 He was soon lost among people and traffic。 He could not find the way back home and started crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by found him standing alone in front of a shop and crying。 They went up to Xiaoqiang and asked him what had happened。 Xiaoqiang told them how he got lost and where he lived。 The two students decided to take him home。 Mother was pleased to see Xiaoqiang come back safe and sound。 She invited the two students into the house and gave them some money, but they didn't take it。 She served them with tea but they left。
修改后:
The other day, five-year-old Xiaoqiang left home alone and wandered happily in the street。 After some time, he felt hungry so he wanted to go back home。 But he found he was lost among the crowded people and heavy traffic。 When he could not find the way home, he started and crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by from school found him sanding crying in front of a shop。 They immediately went up to him。
"Little boy, why are you standing here crying?" they asked。
"I want Mom, I go home。" said the boy, still crying。
"Don't worry, we'll send you home。"
And they spent the next two hours looking for the boy's house。 With the help of a policeman, they finally found it。
When the worried mother saw her son come back safe and sound, she was so thankful and she invited the students into her house。 Gratefully, she offered them some money, saying it was a way to express her thanks, but the young students firmly refused it and left without even a cup of tea。
随着科学技术的飞速发展,我们的祖国正发生着巨大的变化。那么,未来的世界是什么样子的呢!
未来的房子是会飞的房子,每个房子里都有一个大的屏幕,里面显示着这座房子的全貌,当你按下红色按钮时,房顶会立刻分开,螺旋桨升起来了,它不停地转动着,你想去哪里,就转动方向盘,和开汽车一样。这样交通很方便,就像一只在天空中上下飞舞的蝴蝶非常有趣!你的房子如果落在绿色的草地上,房子就像变色龙一样马上变成绿色。
未来的病人,根本不用去看医生。而是用一个非常细小的机器人,让它从病人的嘴里钻到肚子里,机器人会把病人身体里面的所有病菌全部,这样就可以避免手术给病人带来的痛苦。
未来的马路是透明的,像玻璃一样,向下一看能倒映出地面山的一切,在阳光的照耀下金光闪闪,可那不是玻璃,那是用高分子建筑材料做的,上面涂上一层油光剂,这样人和汽车走在上面就不会打滑。
总之,未来是辉煌的,未来也是先进的,我们一定要为美好的未来发奋读书。
我们国家的科技在不断发展,我想在遥远的未来科技可能会更加发达。
在未来的地球上,可能会有一些外太空的生物来到地球上旅游,人类也可以到外太空去旅游,在未来可能会发明一种特殊的药,人类吃了这种药就可以在脱离氧气的情况下自由呼吸。到那时,人类在外太空呼吸而不用戴氧气罩,吃了这种药也可以像鸟儿一样在天空中自由飞翔;到那时,天空中再也没有飞机了,而是人类在天空中自由飞翔,我想大家肯定会认为它们会相撞,不,你错啦!人类吃了这种药就会启动一种特殊的作用让人类会自觉遵守交通规则,所以它们一定不会发生“交通事故”。
在未来陆地上也许会发明一种汽车,这种汽车和现在的汽车大不一样,它们用二氧化碳作燃料,而排出的废汽却是人类呼吸的氧气,这种汽车虽然也和现在的汽车一样也有方向盘和油门等操作设备,不过它们不是用来控制汽车的,而是一些摆设品,可供大人练习,也可以给小孩玩耍,这种汽车可以根据季节的变化,让车内的温度比较温和。还有就是它的速度,只要你说出你想的地方,一秒就可以到达。如果你觉得车脏了,洗起来麻烦,这时你可以启动自动洗车功能,只要3秒就和新车一样……
未来的世界是五彩缤纷的,只要我们努力学习这些事情将会被我们一一实现。
导入:
第1段:Some people hold the opinion that A is superior to B in many ways. Others, however, argue that B is much better. Personally, I would prefer A because I think A has more advantages.
正文:
第2段:There are many reasons why I prefer A. The main reason is that ... Another reason is that...(赞同A的原因
第3段: Of course, B also has advantages to some extent... (列出1~2个B的优势
结论:
第4段: But if all these factors are considered, A is much better than B. From what has been discussed above, we may finally draw the conclusion that ...(得出结论 オ
未来的科技是什么样的呢?也许大家都很好奇。未来可能有像人一样的机器人?未来的汽车能在天上飞?电脑也会有思维会说话谈感情?现在让我们一起去畅想未来的世界吧!
清晨,我正懒洋洋地睡在床上,蒙?中听见一阵音乐把我给弄醒了:“小主人,起床的时间到了。”家用机器人正拿着我的衣服站在床头边。我漫不经心地说:“我昨天穿的衣服你给洗了吗?”“放心吧,小主人,早就洗好烘干叠好了。”机器人说,边说它还边帮我把衣服穿好。此时我的床慢慢地自动变成了迷你电汽车停到窗外,它悬在空中等候指令。就连洗漱也不用我自己动手,毛巾停在空中,牙刷也停在空中。我洗漱完了之后,机器人又拿了一个食谱给我,那是早餐食谱,我随意点了牛排、汉堡、鱼翅、龙虾,吃完了只要说一声好了,机器人就自动把餐桌收拾干净了。我说:“给我备一艘飞船,我马上要去一下月球。”“小主人,飞船已经在窗外。”,我进了飞船,按了一下月球标志,我说了一声:“开”,飞船就自动飞行了,仅用3分钟就到了月球。
又过了20年后,走进我的母校,发现学生的书桌上都没有课本,都是荧幕。原来老师只要在电脑里语音输入题目,就会显示在学生的荧幕里,一切都是全自动的,像我们这么多学生的学校,只要很少的几个老师就足够了,同学们个个学得都非常棒。
但是,这一切都只是我的畅想,不过我相信只要我们人人努力,这一定会变成现实。
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