湖畔旁的春柳随着清风摆动着柔软的腰肢,春泥中的小草吐露着它葱绿色的心声。我坐在公园的长凳上,春日的阳光和煦的让人的内心都柔软起来,轻轻闭上眼小酣一会儿,记忆的阀门被缓缓打开…..迈着轻快的.步伐,我走进办公室,刚要张嘴汇报今天作业的收缴情况,却发现办公室内空无一人。轻轻放下怀中的语文作业。我转身,刚要离开,却被桌面上的一本笔记本吸引住了视线。
那本子是橙黄色的,封面上的图案是一轮太阳,那是语文老师的。吸引我的,是本子中夹着的一张纸。我分明看到那上面白底黑字写着——第七单元测试参考答案。
我的脚移动不了了视线也紧紧的盯着那张纸,脑海中不由得想起隔壁班小天曾和我提起过:“第七单元那张卷子可难了!”边说他还边叹气。而今天下午,我们要考的就是这张卷子。答案,就在我眼前,我只要一伸手……
窗外的阳光洒在桌面上,给笔记本镀上了一层金色的光,它闪耀着,仿佛在说:“看看我吧!这样你就能靠出好成绩啦!”我咽了咽,抬头看了一眼,四周还是静悄悄的,没有人。
手缓缓的伸了出去,我的动作僵硬的像是生了锈的机器。我想起:多少次,在窗明几净的教室里,老师教导我们要诚信做人;多少次,在母亲温暖的怀中,听她说,诚信第一……而现在,我却。阳光洒在我的手臂上,本该是温暖的,我却觉得烫的吓人,我迅速收回了手。是的,我不能这样做!
转身,我迈着坚定的步伐走出办公室。下午的果然很难,可我却感到很踏实,真实的成绩比100个满分都来得宝贵。
公园里的阳光晒得我舒适极了,睁开眼,所到之处都是青翠的。我想,我做对了,现在,我不仅能安然的沐浴在阳光下,更重要的是我的心中一片明媚。给自己一片阳光吧,勾起嘴角,我轻轻地笑了……
1。 叙述的人称
英语的记叙文一般是以第一或第三人称的角度来叙述的。用第一称表示的是由叙述者亲眼所见、亲耳所闻的经历。它的优点在于能把故事的情节通过“我”来传达给读者,使人到真实可信,如身临其境。如:
The other day, I was driving along the street。 Suddenly, a car lost its control and ran directly towards me fast。 I was so frightened that I quickly turned to the left side。 But it was too late。 The car hit my bike and I fell off it。
用第三人称叙述,优点在于叙述者不受“我”活动范围以内的人和事物的限制,而是通过作者与读者之外的第三者,直接把故事中的情节展现在读者面前,文章的客观性很强。如:
Little Tom was going to school with an umbrella, for it was raining hard。 On the way, he saw an old woman walking in the rain with nothing to cover。 Tom went up to the old woman and wanted to share the umbrella with her, but he was too short。 What could he do? Then he had a good idea。
2。 动词的时态
在记叙文中,记和叙都离不开动词。所以动词出现率最高,且富于变化。记叙文中用得最多的是动词的过去的',这是英语记叙文区别于汉语记叙文的关键之处。英语写作的优美之处就在于这些动词时态的变化,正是这一点才使得所记、所叙有鲜活的动态感、鲜明的层次感和立体感。
3。 叙述的顺序
记叙一件事要有一定的顺序。无论是顺叙、倒叙、插叙还是补叙,都要让读者能弄清事情的来龙去脉。顺叙最容易操作,较容易给读者提供有关事情的空间和时间线索。但这种方法也容易使文章显得平铺直叙,读起来平淡乏味。倒叙、插叙、补叙等叙述方法能有效地提高文章的结构效果,让所叙之事跌宕起伏,使读者在阅读时思维产生较大的跳跃,从而为文章所吸引,深入其中。但这些方法如果使用不当,则容易弄巧成拙,使文章结构散乱,头绪不清,让读者不知所云。
4。 叙述的过渡
过渡在上下文中起着承上启下、融会贯通的作用。过渡往往用在地点转移或时间、事件转换以及由概括说明到具体叙述时。如:
In my summer holidays, I did a lot of things。 Apart form doing my homework, reading an English novel, watching TV and doing some housework, I went on a trip to Qingdao。 It is really a beautiful city。 There are many places of interest to see。 But what impressed me most was the sunrise。
The next morning I got up early。 I was very happy because it was a fine day。 By the time I got to the beach, the clouds on the horizon were turning red。 In a little while, a small part of the sun was gradually appearing。 The sun was very red, not shining。 It rose slowly。 At last it broke through the red clouds and jumped above the sea, just like a deep-red ball。 At the same time the clouds and the sea water became red and bright。
What a moving and unforgettable scene!
5。 叙述与对话
引用故事情节中主要人物的对话是记叙文提高表现力的一种好方法。适当地用直接引语代替间接的主观叙述,可以客观生动地反映人物的性格、品质和心理状态,使记叙生动、有趣,使文章内容更加充实、具体。试比较下面两段的叙述效果:
I was in the kitchen, and I was cooking something。 Suddenly I heard a loud noise from the front。 I thought maybe someone was knocking the door。 I asked who it was but I heard no reply。 After a while I saw my cat running across the parlor。 I realized it was the cat。 I felt released。
这本来应是一段故事性很强的文字,但经作者这么一写,就不那么吸引人了。原因是文中用的都是叙述模式,没有人物语言,把“悬念”给冲淡了。可作如下调整:
I was in the kitchen cooking something。 "Crash!" a loud noise came from the front。 Thinking someone was knocking at the door, I asked, "Who?" No reply。 After a while, I saw my cat running across the parlor。 "It's you。" I said, quite released。
1。 头绪分明,脉络清楚
写好记叙文,首先要头绪分明,脉络清楚,明确文章要求写什么。要对所写的事件或人物进行分析,弄清事件发生、发展一直到结束的整个过程,然后再收集选取素材。这些素材都应该跟上述五个“ W ”和一个“ H ”有关。尽管不是每篇记叙文里都必须包括这些“ W ”和“ H ”,但动笔之前,围绕五个“ W ”和“ H ”进行构思是必不可少的。
2。 突出中心,详略得当
在文章的框架确定后,对支持故事的素材的选取是很关键的。选材要注意取舍,应该从表现文章主题的需要出发,分清主次,定好详略。要突出重点,详写细述那些能表现文章主题的重要情节,略写粗述那么非关键的次要情节。面面俱到反而使情节罗列化,使人不得要领。这一点是写好记叙文要解决的一个基本问题,也需要一定的技巧。如:
One night a man came to our house and told me, "There is a family with eight children。 They have not eaten for days。" I took some food with me and went。
When I finally came to that family, I saw the faces of those little children disfigured (破坏外貌) by hunger。 There was no sorrow or sadness in their faces, just the deep pain of hunger。
I gave the rice to the mother。 She divided the rice in two, and went out, carrying half the rice。 When she came back, I asked her, "Where did you go?" she gave me this simple answer, "To my neighbors — they are hungry also!"
3。 用活语言,准确生动
记叙文要用具体的事件和生动的语言对人、事、物加以叙述。一篇好的记叙文的语言既要准确、生动,又要表现力强,这样才能把人、事描写得具体生动,其可读性才强。试比较下面一篇例文修改的前后效果。
原文:
One day Xiaoqiang was wandering away。 He was soon lost among people and traffic。 He could not find the way back home and started crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by found him standing alone in front of a shop and crying。 They went up to Xiaoqiang and asked him what had happened。 Xiaoqiang told them how he got lost and where he lived。 The two students decided to take him home。 Mother was pleased to see Xiaoqiang come back safe and sound。 She invited the two students into the house and gave them some money, but they didn't take it。 She served them with tea but they left。
修改后:
The other day, five-year-old Xiaoqiang left home alone and wandered happily in the street。 After some time, he felt hungry so he wanted to go back home。 But he found he was lost among the crowded people and heavy traffic。 When he could not find the way home, he started and crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by from school found him sanding crying in front of a shop。 They immediately went up to him。
"Little boy, why are you standing here crying?" they asked。
"I want Mom, I go home。" said the boy, still crying。
"Don't worry, we'll send you home。"
And they spent the next two hours looking for the boy's house。 With the help of a policeman, they finally found it。
When the worried mother saw her son come back safe and sound, she was so thankful and she invited the students into her house。 Gratefully, she offered them some money, saying it was a way to express her thanks, but the young students firmly refused it and left without even a cup of tea。
What our life will be like in the future?When I was a little boy,I always asked myself this question.At that time,I had no idea what Internet was.But now,we use it every day.We can't live without it.Internet is become so popular and so convenient.
Just forget it.What our life will be like in the future?For example,in ten years.I think that in ten years our life will be much more colorful,our computer will be much powerful,and we can do almost everything on the internet including seeing a doctor.What about your future life ?Will you share with me?
去年暑假的一天,天空中一丝风也没有,闷热得像个大蒸笼。周围的树木都无精打采的,知了热的在树上不停的叫着,狗也惹得趴在地上大口喘气……
在村头的一块空地上,我和几个小伙伴赤着脚高兴的玩耍这,不时发出一阵阵欢笑声。一不留神,我的脚踩在一块尖尖的玻璃片上,深深的扎了进去,疼的我哎呦一声就坐在地上,鲜红的顿时流了出来。小伙伴们见状,吓得赶紧去找我的 爸爸妈妈。爸爸妈妈拿着一块白手绢急匆匆的过来了,见地上流了一滩,我的脸黄黄的,他们的脸色也顿时变了,赶紧弯腰蹲下身,用手绢把我的脚包扎住,暂时止住了。爸爸着急地说:“得马上去医院进行消毒包扎!”可这时闷热的天空竟然落下了几滴豆粒大的雨点儿,看样子马上就要下大雨了。怎么办呢?离医院还有二里多土路,道上又没有车,骑车更是不行的。妈妈急忙跑回家,可老天爷好像故意和我们做对,妈妈只找到了一把伞,没办法,只好撑一把伞喽。而妈妈并没有给她自己撑,完全给了我和爸爸。
雨渐渐大了!我们一家三口满跚在大雨中。爸爸两只手有力的拖住我,走得很慢,仿佛怕背上的“古董”掉下来摔破了。渐渐的,我听到爸爸的呼吸加重了。我心疼地说:“爸爸,歇会儿吧!”爸爸没有做声,只是用力的托了托我,继续小心的深一脚浅一脚的往前挪。他脚下突然一滑,身体猛然向前一倾,我的心一下收紧了,坏了,爸爸要摔倒了。没有想到的是爸爸凭着他坚强的毅力,凭着他伟大的 父爱,踉跄两步,居然没摔倒。“爸爸,歇会儿吧!”我又劝爸爸。“不,得快一点儿!”爸爸低低地说。这是我分明听到爸爸的心咚咚的跳着,呼吸更急促了,妈妈的胳膊也想是酸了,雨伞在我的头上渐渐的低了下去,又高了,又低了,又高了……我没吱声,此时此刻,我说什么呢……终于到医院了,爸爸放下我长长的呼了一口气。后来,我的脚伤很快痊愈了。
一年过去了,但雨中的那一幕仍清晰的印在我的脑海中。我永远也忘不了雨中那片晴朗的天空……
导入:
第1段:Recently we’ve had a discussion about whether we should... (导入话题
Our opinions are divided on this topic.(观点有分歧
正文:
第2段:Most of the students are in favour of it.(正方观点
Here are the reasons. First... Second... Finally...(列出2~3个赞成的理由
第3段:However, the others are strongly against it. (反方观点
Their reasons are as follows. In the first place... What’s more... In addition...(列出2~3个反对的理由
结论:
第4段:Personally speaking, the advantages overweigh the disadvantages, for it will do us more harm than good, so I support it.(个人观点 オ
导入:
第1段:提出一种现象或某个决定作为议论的话题
As a student, I am strongly in favour of the decision. (亮明自己的观点是赞成还是反对
The reasons for this may be listed as follows. (过渡句,承上启下
正文:
第2段:First of all... Secondly... Besides...(列出2~3个赞成或反对的`理由
结论:
第3段:In conclusion, I believe that... (照应第1段,构成"总—分—总"结构
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