常见四级英语作文结构【一】
Dear all,
I am writing this letter to express my gratitude to my parents for teaching me to be positive and to be strong. “Educating the mind without educating the heart is no education at all.” is the opinion held by Aristotle. It is the experience of our forefathers, however, it is correct even today, including my parenting.
It is widely acknowledged that parenting, which can also be explained as family education, is of great significance in our character forming and manner acquiring. To be more detailed, setting good examples instead of just giving precepts is the greatest achievement of my parents. They not only taught me to think for the best and prepare for the worst; they taught me how. They not only told me the benefits of being strong in mind; they proved it. All those things require huge amount of time and work, but it’s worth it.
Without my parents’ contribution and education, I would never be who I am now. But most importantly, I would never be more gratitude to them than today.
Yours,
XXX
常见四级英语作文结构【二】
第一招：故事式开头
所谓故事式开头，就是开篇讲述一个引人入胜的小故事，用叙述性的语言，把情节表述清楚，然后由这个故事引出文章的论点或论题的一种方法。
用故事开头，既丰富了文章内容，又能自然而然地引出观点，并能激发评卷老师的阅读兴趣。
请看：
例1我常常被那个叫做尾生的古人感动得落泪。
“尾生与女子约，女子三日不至，遇大水，尾生抱柱而。
”尾生就是这样一位执著得可爱的君子，为了那一个或许并不重要的约定，为了守住自己心灵深处写给自己的那一份契约，他竟然用生命来壮烈地捍卫它。
我从他的身上看到了闪光的两个字——诚信。
（《守住心灵的契约》）
作文的开头，考生向我们讲述了一个诚信的故事，尾生为了守住约定，竟抱柱而。
故事非常简洁，关键是作者把尾生和诚信联系起来，很自然地引出了话题。
古人尚且知道守住心灵的契约，那么我们呢？我们又该如何守住心灵的契约呢？
例2春秋时期，晋国有一权臣赵简子，为了表示他有仁慈之心，喜欢让老百姓替他捉斑鸠鸟送到他府中，让他在年初一时放生。
于是，每年邯郸地方的老百姓便纷纷拥进赵简子的府第，来进献斑鸠。
这是何其荒唐！为了放生，结果被打打伤的斑鸠很多很多，以致“名”为行善，“实”为行恶。
这种只讲形式，不讲效果的做法，正是一种沽名钓誉、假仁假义的伪善行为。
由此可见，只顾“名”而不注重实际的形式主义，其害何其深也！（《“名”与“实”》）
开头首先把赵简子这种追求的“名”与造成的“实”相矛盾的具体情形展现在读者面前，把读者引入一个有趣的故事中，同时又引导读者思考，避免了一开头突兀的说教，符合人们由具体到抽象的认识过程。
运用故事开头的手法，需注意以下几点：
一、要精心选择故事，以利于观点的引出；
二、因为故事仅是一个由头，所以叙述不宜过细，篇幅不宜过长，能引出观点就行；
三、一个故事可以从多角度理解和诠释，在叙述时就要重点突出能够引出自己观点的那一个侧面，使观点的引出水到渠成。
第二招：层进式结构
层进式结构也称递进式、层递式，就是按照逻辑关系，由浅入深，层层递进，纵向开掘的一种结构方式。
层进式主要有两种类型：
一是将中心论点分成几个分论点时，这些分论点之间构成的是由浅入深、由简单到复杂的关系。
层次间可用诸如“不仅……而且……”“……况且”等关联词语过渡。
这种结构俗称“剥笋法”，一层一层地“剥壳”，最后显出其本质。
请看：
例3严于解剖自己
1。要不断进步，必须无情地“解剖自己”。
2。论述如何才能“解剖”好自己。
①对自己要有自知之明。
（这是“解剖”好自己的前提。
不了解“病”在哪里，就无从下刀）
②光有自知之明还不够，还要勇于自我批评。
（这是解剖好自己的途径。
不开刀，就无从去“病”）
③自我批评的勇气来源于对真理的追求和崇高的信念。
（这是解剖好自己的\'关键。
不掌握开刀的规律，刀就开不好，也就难以真正去“病”）
3。严于解剖自己就会提升自己。
提纲中先提出观点，然后在分析和解决问题的时候，采取“剥笋法”一层层地深入分析，指出要“解剖好自己”就要有“自知之明”“要勇于自我批评”，要有“对真理的追求和崇高的信念”，从而有力地论证了观点，并解决了问题。
二是按照“提出问题、分析问题、解决问题”的思路安排论证结构，即按“是什么→为什么→怎么样”的顺序来写。
这种论证结构的好处是层次清楚，逻辑严密，论证深刻。
请看：
例4不要轻易说“不”
①人贵在自信自强，……所以无论面对着多大的艰难险阻，我们都不要轻易说“不”，我信我就能。
②要成功就不要轻易说“不”。
③要活得精彩就不要轻易说“不”。
④学会坚持就不会轻易说“不”。
⑤学会自信就不会轻易说“不”。
⑥只要坚持，你便成功；只要自信，你便活得精彩，在困难面前，我们都不要轻易说“不”。
（20xx年广东高考优秀作文《不要轻易说“不”》）
本文开头第①段，考生首先解释了“不要轻易说‘不’”的具体含义：那就是在面对生活中的困难与挑战的时候，应有一种“自强自立”的精神。
从“是什么”的角度来入题。
②③两个段落便从“为什么”的角度来论证中心论点：因为“要成功”“要活得精彩”就要“不要轻易说‘不’”。
④⑤两个段落，便是从“怎么样”角度来论证，学会了“坚持”“自信”就会“不轻易说‘不’”。
第⑥段，总结全文。
整篇文章采用“层进式”结构，环环相扣，干净利落。
运用层进式结构要注意以下几点：一、层进式的各个部分之间的关系要恰当，要符合人们的认知规律，不可随意颠倒；二、层进式各个部分之间的过渡要自然，要用一些过渡性词语承上启下；三、在按“是什么→为什么→怎么样”的顺序写作时，要明确回答各部分的内容。
常见四级英语作文结构【三】
Just as is revealed in the picture above, the young, nowadays, just like the boy in the drawing, are prone to reach for what is beyond their grasp, but ignore the significance of doing something trivial and simple before accomplishing great feats.
There is no doubt that the symbolic meaning subtly conveyed in the picture should be given deep consideration. As we all know, a man who does not sweep a room, doesn't mention to sweep the world. In other words, the foundations of a building must be strong, or else the whole structure will fall down someday. Therefore, when it comes to the key to success, the most important thing lies in doing every tiny thing well around you.
As the saying goes, “the highest eminence is to be gained step by step.” To achieve the goal, not merely do we need ambition; we also need to realize the importance of dealing with triviality from the beginning. Only in this way can we get on the way to success down to earth.
常见四级英语作文结构【四】
分析范文或优秀作文是我们学好写作的第一步。不要小看任何的优秀小短文，那其中一定有需要你掌握的内容。To see a world in a grain of sand,
And a heaven in a wild flower,
Hold infinity in the palm of your hand,
And eternity in an hour.
一沙一世界，
一花一天堂，
手中即无限，
永恒亦短暂。
常见四级英语作文结构【五】
Nowadays, many famous university campuses have become one of the popular tourist attractions. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of middle school students visit Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities in China. In the place far away from the capital city, the local students also visit the universities famous in their own province.
So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for the students to visit the famous university campus in that it can enable the middle students to get more information about the university and they can have enough time and opportunity to prepare themselves with the chance to get into the university. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the public tourism will have negative effect on the universities because it will not only do harm to the environment but also to the intellectual atmosphere.
In my opinion, the tourism to the universities is not a good thing. The campus is mainly a place for study. With the increasing tourism on the campus, it will ruin the spiritual atmosphere in this learning field.
首先，提纯范文 “谋篇布局”及结构模板。
第一段：提出问题或现象。Nowadays, … … have become one of the popular … …. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that … ….
第二段：正反列举人们的看法。So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to … …? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for … … in that … …. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, … … will have negative effect on … … because it will not only do harm to … … but also to … ….
第三段：摆明自己观点。In my opinion, … … is not a good thing. … … With the increasing … …, it will ruin … ….
其次，提纯范文“段落写作”。
段落写作分为统一性，连贯性和完整性三方面。
统一性(unity：段落开头的主题句应该做到不可太宽泛，也不可太具体，做到有较强的概括性才能使下文做到有的放矢的展开。范文第二段首句以设问的方式提出一个问题is it a good or bad thing就有很强的概况性。下文自然会一方面从好的方面说明，另一方面从坏的方面说明。
连贯性(coherence：关联词是使文章段落之间相互连贯的必要条件。范文中nowadays, on one hand, on the other hand, in one’s opinion即以“启承转合”递进的顺序是文章条理清晰，层层展开。
完整性(completeness：以设问句“So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to open the university campus for tourists?”开头，这是平时较少运用的段落写作方式——设问法。“On one hand … …. On the other hand, … ….”是段落写作分类列举法的典型用法。
再次，提纯范文“句子写作”。
1. It has been shown that … …
类似句型：It is known to us that … …
It is said that … …
It is reported that … …
It is controversial that … …
2. “… … Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities … …。”——并列句。并列句是简单的复杂句。但其运用方法并不简单，注意练习并接句的使用，会使句子显的更加饱满。
3. enable v. 使…能够
I gave him full directions to enable him to find the house.
4. in that = because
表“因为”的连词还有since, for, as，如：
The boy was absent because he was ill. = The boy was absent since he was ill.
此句以我们常用的人称开头，句式简单，我们可以通过把since提前改变句式，如：
Since the boy was ill, he was absent. 句式多样化。
最后，提纯范文“措辞”。
1. attraction n. 具有吸引力的事情。
2. thousands and thousands 成千上万的
形容“多”的表达方法：millions and millions
a multitude of
a great deal of
a large amount of
plenty of
many a
3. “some people argued that … …”中的“argue”并不是“讨论，辩论”的意思，而是“认为”。
I argue that … …
I maintain that … …
I claim that … …
I insist that … … = I think that … …
I hold that … …
I assert that … …
I assume that … …
4. negative adj. 否定的.，相反的
hold negative view = hold opposite opinions
5. phenomenon n. 现象
social phenomenon 社会现象
natural phenomenon 自然现象
6. intellectual adj. 聪明的= intelligent, bright, clever
(选词策略：使用最近所学的单词，如intellectual > intelligent > bright > clever
在分析并掌握范文之后，我们需要运用范文知识练习仿写。笔者运用2005年12月范文中的模板结构仿写了2006年12月的四级作文，以供参考：
1. 许多人喜欢在除夕夜看春节晚会
2. 但有些人提出取消春节晚会
3. 我的看法
Nowadays, the Spring Festival Evening has become one of the popular topic and attractions during every traditional New Year’s Eve. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of Chinese people appear to be accustomed to enjoying the sights and sounds of a brilliant feast, while gathering with their beloved family.
However, an increasing number of people have voiced different opinions towards it. So far as the present situation is concerned, is it a good or bad thing to cancel the Spring Festival Evening? Different people have different opinions. On one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing to amuse the audience in that it is composed by a numerous adequate programs, such as the emotional song, the graceful dance, the funny short sketch, the amusing comic dialogue, the delightful magic, and the marvelous acrobatics and so on. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this phenomenon. In their opinion, the Spring Festival Evening will have negative effect on the family harmony because it will not only do harm to having the talks between family members on the Spring Festival Eve but also to enjoying the gourmet meal in a fancy restaurant.
In my opinion, the Spring Festival Evening is a good thing. It may not remain a must for all people, but it can bring us a strong sense of festivity and serve as an alternative among the variety of holiday activities. With the increasing audience of the Spring Festival Evening, it will ruin a distinctive culture during the Spring Festival vacation.
常见四级英语作文结构【六】
The picture shows us a dialogue between a father and a son. The son told his father, “Dad, I’m a bit worried about disposing of nuclear waste”. While his father told him, “If you can empty the dustbin here you can do anything”. It reveals the importance of doing small things well before undertaking something big. There is also an old Chinese saying to go with this that a person can’t sweep the world before he can sweep his own room.
I agree on the point that it is of great importance for a person to do small things well before undertaking something big. First of all, doing small things well entail the qualities that needed in doing great things such as patience and ability of controlling time. For example, when we sweep our room, we need to manage our time and energy reasonably. Accordingly, if we sweep a bigger room, for example, a classroom with our classmates, we should learn how to cooperate and allot assignments as well. And a big advantage is that we can draw useful lessons from the failure of performing well because they didn’t cost a lot.
In another word, though these things seem trivial, they reinforce our manipulative ability and thus our understanding to the world. Therefore, we should not ignore the small things.
常见四级英语作文结构【七】
Dear Mary,
You said in your letter that many of your classmates wore fashionableclothes, but you couldn\'t afford them so you felt very depressed. There are dif-ferent views on people\'s clothes. The followings are my ideas:
Firstly, you shouldn\'t put too much emphasis on physical appearance.
Remember that the most important task for you today is to concentrate on yourstudies. No matter what you wear, you will really look your best when youcome out first in your examinations.
Secondly, you should understand that it is a fine virtue to live in fru-gality. Just as a famous saying goes, Frugality is the mother of virtue.
Since your family can\'t provide you with enough money to buy fashionableclothes, it is all the more necessary for you to try to lighten the financialburden of your family. And you will find the virtue of frugality benefit youa lot in your future life.
I hope you understand what I mean. Hope you will take a positive attitudetowards life and will be happy again when you read my letter.
Yours,
Anne
常见四级英语作文结构【八】
Dear my father and mother,
This letter is my inner feelings. I want to thank both of you for so many years’ care and help.
During my growth, you have made a lot of efforts and love for me. When I make a success, both of you are more excited than me, and support me to do better. Even though I have failed, you always share sorrow with me and encourage me not to give up. Especially, during my preparation for CET-4, the support from you is always everywhere. I have passed the exam successfully.
You love is so unselfish that I am deeply affected, so I will study hard to be a useful person and won’t make you disappointed. Anyway, I would like to express the deep gratitude to you.
With best wishes.
Sincerely yours,
Li Ming
