古时候有个书生,他寒窗苦读数十载。有一天,他上京赴考。
刚到城外的小镇,他盘缠散尽,天渐渐入黑,在不远的一家客栈挂着高高的灯。
书生刚进到客栈门口,掌柜看到他一身破旧的衣服,便轻蔑地说:“中等房2两1晚,一人睡;下等房1两1晚,四人睡,现在只剩下两张床铺了。看你的样子是租不起上等房的了。”
书生摸摸身上的钱袋,轻飘飘的,看了看,里面只有3两钱了,还有3天才可以进考场。于是他哀求掌柜:“掌柜,我实在盘缠散尽,以后的日子怎么过啊?”
掌柜见他不肯出钱便命小二把他轰出去了。
书生在小镇上溜达了一圈,发现只有这么一家客栈了,他拖着疲惫不堪的身体回到客栈,愿意出1两租下等房一晚。但这时的掌柜却说:“现在的下等房已经租光了,想睡的话,留下1两去马房过一晚吧!”
书生迫于无奈只好在马房过了一晚。
另日早上,有一县官与其下人在马房一同取马。发现书生在马房里刚睡醒,便问他一二。书生把整件事都详细地告知县官,县官留下了一锭银子给书生便来到客栈大厅,并提了一个“恳”字给掌柜。自此以后,掌柜就凭这个字而客似云来。
一个月后,科举放榜了,昔日那为穷书生竟考到了探花,他被任命回乡暂代一个县官时,又路径了那一家客栈,他看到那个金灿灿的“恳”字时不禁哈哈大笑。
他问掌柜是何意思时,早已不认得他的掌柜脱口而出:“此乃诚恳也。”
书生大笑:“非也,非也。此为良心少一点。”
掌柜想了一想:“良字加心字再少一点不就是‘恳’字吗?原来当时的县官是在讽刺自己。”
这时全场民众都大笑起来,此时无地自容的掌柜早已躲回人群中去了。
1。 叙述的人称
英语的记叙文一般是以第一或第三人称的角度来叙述的。用第一称表示的是由叙述者亲眼所见、亲耳所闻的经历。它的优点在于能把故事的情节通过“我”来传达给读者,使人到真实可信,如身临其境。如:
The other day, I was driving along the street。 Suddenly, a car lost its control and ran directly towards me fast。 I was so frightened that I quickly turned to the left side。 But it was too late。 The car hit my bike and I fell off it。
用第三人称叙述,优点在于叙述者不受“我”活动范围以内的人和事物的限制,而是通过作者与读者之外的第三者,直接把故事中的情节展现在读者面前,文章的客观性很强。如:
Little Tom was going to school with an umbrella, for it was raining hard。 On the way, he saw an old woman walking in the rain with nothing to cover。 Tom went up to the old woman and wanted to share the umbrella with her, but he was too short。 What could he do? Then he had a good idea。
2。 动词的时态
在记叙文中,记和叙都离不开动词。所以动词出现率最高,且富于变化。记叙文中用得最多的是动词的过去的\',这是英语记叙文区别于汉语记叙文的关键之处。英语写作的优美之处就在于这些动词时态的变化,正是这一点才使得所记、所叙有鲜活的动态感、鲜明的层次感和立体感。
3。 叙述的顺序
记叙一件事要有一定的顺序。无论是顺叙、倒叙、插叙还是补叙,都要让读者能弄清事情的来龙去脉。顺叙最容易操作,较容易给读者提供有关事情的空间和时间线索。但这种方法也容易使文章显得平铺直叙,读起来平淡乏味。倒叙、插叙、补叙等叙述方法能有效地提高文章的结构效果,让所叙之事跌宕起伏,使读者在阅读时思维产生较大的跳跃,从而为文章所吸引,深入其中。但这些方法如果使用不当,则容易弄巧成拙,使文章结构散乱,头绪不清,让读者不知所云。
4。 叙述的过渡
过渡在上下文中起着承上启下、融会贯通的作用。过渡往往用在地点转移或时间、事件转换以及由概括说明到具体叙述时。如:
In my summer holidays, I did a lot of things。 Apart form doing my homework, reading an English novel, watching TV and doing some housework, I went on a trip to Qingdao。 It is really a beautiful city。 There are many places of interest to see。 But what impressed me most was the sunrise。
The next morning I got up early。 I was very happy because it was a fine day。 By the time I got to the beach, the clouds on the horizon were turning red。 In a little while, a small part of the sun was gradually appearing。 The sun was very red, not shining。 It rose slowly。 At last it broke through the red clouds and jumped above the sea, just like a deep-red ball。 At the same time the clouds and the sea water became red and bright。
What a moving and unforgettable scene!
5。 叙述与对话
引用故事情节中主要人物的对话是记叙文提高表现力的一种好方法。适当地用直接引语代替间接的主观叙述,可以客观生动地反映人物的性格、品质和心理状态,使记叙生动、有趣,使文章内容更加充实、具体。试比较下面两段的叙述效果:
I was in the kitchen, and I was cooking something。 Suddenly I heard a loud noise from the front。 I thought maybe someone was knocking the door。 I asked who it was but I heard no reply。 After a while I saw my cat running across the parlor。 I realized it was the cat。 I felt released。
这本来应是一段故事性很强的文字,但经作者这么一写,就不那么吸引人了。原因是文中用的都是叙述模式,没有人物语言,把“悬念”给冲淡了。可作如下调整:
I was in the kitchen cooking something。 "Crash!" a loud noise came from the front。 Thinking someone was knocking at the door, I asked, "Who?" No reply。 After a while, I saw my cat running across the parlor。 "It's you。" I said, quite released。
On the afternoon of October 28, the weather was particularly sunny. The day I had been looking forward to for two weeks finally came. Today, we are going to the emergency rescue training base of the Municipal Red Cross Society to learn first aid knowledge and skills.
We took a bus to our destination. First of all, the volunteers of the Municipal Red Cross Society explained to us the origin, functions and components of the Red Cross movement.
From his introduction, I know that may 8 is the World Red Cross Day every year. The bright red red cross represents the spirit of humanity, fraternity and dedication. Then, we started the practical operation. The first one was cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Volunteers introduced the operation process of cardiopulmonary resuscitation and simulated first aid.
Secondly, volunteers also teach us four skills of trauma rescue: hemostasis, dressing, fixation and handling. When learning hemostatic bandage, volunteers showed us triangular towel head bandage, stirring rod bandage, etc. Finally, we carry out practical operation.
Under the careful guidance of volunteers, we studied very hard, and everyone mastered these first-aid skills.
Time passed quickly, and the afternoons study soon came to an end, and the students were still not satisfied. Before I took part in this activity, I didnt know what the Red Cross did, and I never wanted to know it. Through this afternoons study, I deeply felt that the Red Cross Society is really great. I want to inherit its spirit and be a loving person. Thank you very much for allowing me to participate in such a meaningful activity!
\"Green card\" nickname (because of the color of the United States Permanent Resident Card,an identification document issued by the United States of America affording non-citizens of that country some of the rights its citizens enjoy,sometimes with the prospect of naturalization.
A United States Permanent Resident Card,also known as a green card,is an identification card attesting to the permanent resident status of an alien in the United States of America.Green card also refers to an immigration process of becoming a permanent resident.The green card serves as proof that its holder,a Lawful Permanent Resident (LPR,has been officially granted immigration benefits,which include permission to reside and take employment in the USA.The holder must maintain permanent resident status,and can be removed from the US if certain conditions of this status are not met.
Green cards were formerly issued by the Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS.That agency has been absorbed into and replaced by the Bureau of Citizenship and Immigration Services (BCIS,part of the Department of Homeland Security (DHS.Shortly after re-organization BCIS was renamed to U.S.Citizenship and Immigration Services.
我想大家一定都知道最聪明的动物是人类吧?是的,人类确实聪明,发明了许多东西。但是,人类是圣洁,无罪的么?噢,我敢肯定地回答:不是。人总有两面,优点一面,缺点一面,是无法十全十美的。“江山易改,本性难移。”人们那另一面的“黑心”,我永远不会忘记……
我和同学放学回家经过的一条路,经常看见一家店里的女主人养着一条小狗。这小狗十分可爱,小巧玲珑的,常常在街上跑来跑去。当我们看见它时,都非常激动,似乎那狗是我们养的。
可是,当我们又一次走过那条街啊!这是怎么回事?那条小狗居然倒在了地上!我们的嘴巴全都张成了“O”形。那个女主人叫着从店里跑出来,抱起那条小狗,嘴里含糊不清的喊着“你怎么了,你怎么了……”看着那条狗在生与之间挣扎,那位女主人抱着它,抚摸着它,不听得说着什么……经过询问,旁人说是被车撞了。什么?被车给撞了!同学说“我好想哭!”但男生却在起哄:“哭吧哭吧不是罪……”是啊,哭不是罪,但是,难道那个开车撞小狗的人就无罪了吗?很可惜,我没有看到这一幕。撞小狗的人到底是会扔下小狗,一屑不顾,还是会逃之夭夭?总之,无论如何,撞狗的人一定是犯下了大错!如此黑心,一点都不负责任,哼,我真是怒火中烧……
社会上又何止只有这些事呢?有多少人是凭着良心活着呢?又有多少人连自己的心都沾满了污垢却浑然不知呢?这条狗只是一个小小的例子而已啊!拿动物来说,它也是我们的朋友,多少动物都是被人故意残害,为的是什么?他们只顾眼前的利益,却不顾后果有多么严重!动物也有有肉有感情,是我们生活中的一份子,我们能做的,就是要好好对待它们!那些还有黑心的人们,走向良心的世界里来吧,否则,它将是一场恶梦……
My name is li hua, and the most impressive thing of my life came to my life yesterday. When I walked near by a lake with my friend, he was falling into the lake, and I was so worried. I didt know how to swim, but I had to save my friends live. I was shouting and asking someone to help.
After that, the most impressive thing happened which was a young solder that jump into the lake without thinking, swimmed to the palace where my friend were, and got him out of the lake. After the young solder checked if there was nothing wrong with my friend, he went away. In conclusion, this young solder is the one who i respect a lot!
导入:
第1段:提出一种现象或某个决定作为议论的话题
As a student, I am strongly in favour of the decision. (亮明自己的观点是赞成还是反对
The reasons for this may be listed as follows. (过渡句,承上启下
正文:
第2段:First of all... Secondly... Besides...(列出2~3个赞成或反对的`理由
结论:
第3段:In conclusion, I believe that... (照应第1段,构成\"总—分—总\"结构
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