__________.
There are many reasons explaining__________________________.The
main reason is____________________.
what is more_________________________.thirdly_________________
_________.As a result_______________.
Considering all there,________________________.For one thing_______
______________,for another________
____.In Conclusion____________________.
一种事物或现象(负面意义倾向)
关于A的话题,早已引起了广泛的社会关注。如今在电视、报纸、日常生活的很多角落,都有越来越多的关于A的议论。
给A一个精确恒定的定义并非易事,因为它的概念涉及了科学、人性、思想、经济、社会、自然等广阔的领域。一般而言,我们可以这样描述A…
A能成为公众关注的焦点,主要是由于它对个人、集体乃至整个世界都有着不容忽视的不良影响。
认真分析后我们可以看到,A对社会/世界 /健康的不利有很多。首先,从最直观的角度来看,A的出现直接损害了(这里加入一句针对性的话,如人类的身体健康和环境的平衡) 。(举例)。其次,从更深一层次上讲,它为人类的精神文明蒙上了一层阴影。更可怕的是,由于A所产生微小利益,却促成了许多可悲的人们为其忘乎所以,破坏了人类生存的法则和空间。
事实上,A的出现是社会发展和人类进步的产物,A所带来的危害是人类进化过程中付出的代价。同时,A的产生来源于部分人们的自私和趋利性,他们看到的是肤浅和片面的'利益,而从未从整个全局和人类整体的利益出发去认识和分析它。这使得A始终挥之不去。对此,我奉劝他们,跳出狭小的角落,用长远和全局的眼光去重新审视A。
而如今,我们已深受其害,要想消除它的危害,我们必须从根源上杜绝它的产生,我们每一个人都应给予A高度的重视,用系统的和科学的方法去解决,唯有这样,避免它带来更多损失,我们人类前进的脚步才会更加平稳,更加欢快的迈向辉煌的明天。
【习作题目】
Students Grading of Their Teachers
1.学生给老师打分已很普遍;
2.人们对其持不同态度(肯定或否定的态度);
3.你的看法。
【习作解读】
显然,此任务是写一篇议论文,主题为对学生给老师打分的现象进行议论,开放性较大。学生应根据实际情况,从多个方面阐述其原因并表达自己对这种现象的观点和态度。该话题更加贴近学生的实际生活,但有一定的语言难度,也有一定的思想深度。通过此文的写作,也从侧面提示了学生在注重写作基础训练的前提下,也应该注重培养积极思考、灵活运用、自由发挥等能力。
此次的写作任务出题相当巧妙,写作内容涉及的词汇和句型都属于新课程标准范围。题目在考查学生写作能力的同时,也在考查学生的分析判断能力及高度概括能力。富有想象力的学生写出的文章可能生动而富有灵性。此题目能引发学生对平日习以为常的行为进行反思,学会换位思考,这对中学生的性格和品德培养非常重要。
【习作展示】
Students Grading of Their Teachers
Nowadays, a lot of schools ask their students to contribute to grading their teachers. As a teacher, it is their responsibility to satisfy their students in all aspects. Meanwhile, it is admirable that school teachers prefer to expose themselves to their students.
If the system of grading of teachers by students is introduced, it will benefit students, teachers and the administration of the school for a number of reasons. For one thing, the system will give teachers and the administration of the school an insight into the minds of the students and show whether the teachers are successful in getting their lessons understood by the students; for another, it will also encourage the good teachers to continue their efforts and motivate themselves. What is more, it will expose those who are not doing enough and will lead them to correct their teaching methods as well as their attitude towards students. Thus the quality of teaching will certainly improve.
In a word, it is a promising concept and will bring surprisingly good results if applied with the right conditions.
【习作点评】
作者观点明确,赞成学生给老师打分。作为老师,就要做一个让学生满意的老师。这样,不仅对学生、学校有利,而且对老师本人也有利。这样,老师就会从另一个角度重新审视自己,看自己是否是一个成功的老师。如果得到学生的认可,这将是对自己的一次鼓励,为继续前行增添动力。如果学生的认可度不高,老师就应进行反思,调控教学方法和教学态度。这样,教学质量肯定会提高。作
者用简洁、明快的语言以及自己的经历列举了充分的论据,内容充实,贴近生活。For one thing, for another, what is more, in a word等过渡词的使用,是短文结构清晰,层次分明。最后,最值得一提的是,文中多次正确运用的高级词汇和复杂句式,给文章增添了不少文采。综上所述,这是一篇不可多得的佳作,值得向大家推荐。
二、写作模板
此模板适用于社会现象类议论文。参考模式如下:
Nowadays, there exists an increasingly serious social/economic/environmental There are a couple of reasons behind this problem/phenomenon. For one ;Based on the above discussions, I can easily forecast that more and more people
Nowadays, there exists a common phenomenon—with the development of the Internet, more and more people tend to send electronic cards instead of paper ones to their friends and relatives when an important holiday comes.
There are a couple of reasons behind this phenomenon. For one thing, compared with the traditional cards, electronic cards are more lively and interesting. They can give not only pictures but also sound and animation. For another, there are many websites online which offer varieties of cards for you to choose from. What is more, with the popularity of the electronic cards, less paper is used in making paper cards, which does good to our environment.
Based on the above discussions, I can easily forecast that sending greetings by using electronic cards will be accepted by more and more people, not only the young ones.
三、写作指导
写作思路是先列出一个具体的社会问题或者现象,然后分析产生的原因和产生的影响,最后提出解决问题的办法,或者得出结论,或者提出个人看法,或者预测前景。
论点、论据、论证是议论文的三要素。论点是作者对所议论问题所持有的见解和主张,论据是用来证明论点的事实和道理的根据;论证是用论据来证明论点的方法和过程。一般来说,议论文每段都有主题句来确定论点。论证的方法很多,但最常用的是因果分析法。即:分析事实与论点的因果关系,指出取得结果的原因是所要证明的论点,从而达到论证的目的。
在近几年的高考中,议论文的比重占得越来越多,议论文的.出题形式可以多种多样,有看图写作、图表、表格、书信等各种类型,但文体实际是议论文,而有时是夹叙的议论文。议论文的写作要点是:
1. 观点鲜明,文章一定有一个明确的中心论点。
2. 层次分明,一个中心论点通常有几个分论点支持,不同层次之间要分明,过渡清晰自然。
3. 最后一段一般要总结全文,得出一个符合逻辑的结论,突出中心思想。
4. 一般采用一般现在时。
5. 语言简洁有力,一般不采用口语。
四、巩固练习
1.【练习题目】
2010年上海世界博览会期间,上万的青年志愿者参加志愿工作,请你谈谈对此现象的看法。
【参考范文】
During the period of holding the 2010 World Expo in Shanghai, tens of thousands of young citizens are participating in volunteer work, hoping to devote themselves to the grand occasion. As far as I am concerned, everyone ought to enter for it. Here are the reasons I want to mention.
It can be argued that the advantages of doing unpaid volunteer work are enormous, because volunteer work is actually a two-way street. First of all, volunteer work should always benefit people who need help. Those who need help will feel happier due to our immediate help. On the other hand, as far as the young people ourselves are concerned, we have more opportunities to develop the sense of responsibility, independence as well as interpersonal skills in the process of helping others.
Through this kind of work, we become confident and mature. In addition, we can make many friends and increase our chances of getting the jobs of our dreams. Furthermore, volunteer work plays an active role in building up a harmonious society.
In a word, it is of great value for the young adults to offer volunteer work. The youth volunteers do make a difference by the voluntary work! Why not join them and do something for our country?
2.【练习题目】
某些中学生为了显示自己成熟或表明自己醋而吸烟。请写一篇120词左右的短文,列举吸烟的危害,并提出建议。
【参考范文】
I am sorry to know that more and more middle school students begin to smoke. I think it is wrong to believe that smoking is cool and even think that smoking makes you appear to be mature. In fact, smoking is not cool but very dangerous.
First, smoking can do much damage to health. Scientific researches show that smoking can lead to heart diseases, cancers and other problems. It is reported that about 5 million people die of diseases related to smoking each year all over the world.
Second, it is a waste of money to smoke cigarettes. Smoking can cost a great deal of money. Once you are addicted to it, it is difficult to give it up.
What’s more, smoking can cause fires easily, which may do great damage to your life and your surroundings.
So give up smoking at once! Only in this way can you keep healthy forever.
3. 【练习题目】近年来,越来越多的中学生出国学习,出现了所谓的中学生“出国热”。请根据以下提供的信息,谈谈自己的看法。
1)良好的语言环境,更利于语言学习。
2)拓宽视野,学习国外先进的科学技术。
3)传播各民族间的不同文化。
参考词汇:媒介,中间人:mediator
【参考范文】
In recent years, studying abroad has been popular. Tens of thousands of Chinese middle school students have gone to foreign countries to study.Many people are trying their best to apply to go abroad.
There are a number of reasons for attending schools abroad.First, students who are studying abroad can act as mediators between people of different cultures. They can communicate with each other directly and learn about different cultures. Second, they can learn much more advanced knowledge of science and technology from foreign countries and experience different education methods.Third, they live in foreign countries and take classes given by foreign teachers. As a result, they can learn foreign languages much more quickly.
Therefore, it is advisable to attend schools abroad.
4.【练习题目】随着经济和社会的发展,道路上的私人小汽车越来越多。请根据自己的观察和理解,谈谈自己的观点。
【参考范文】
With the fantastic development both in economy and in society in China, the number of people who own private cars is on the rise. Some people have bought cars of their own, and others are planning to buy cars. But I strongly object to the increase in developing private cars.
I hold that automobiles will give rise to a series of problems. In the first place, as more and more cars are produced and run on the road, a large volume of poisonous gas will be given off, polluting the atmosphere and causing actual harm to the health of people. Next, private cars contribute to traffic jams so greatly that the advantages gained in comfort and freedom are often cancelled out by the frustration caused by traffic jams. The last problem is the increasing number of car accidents that have killed and will kill a lot of people in a friction of a second.
In a word, although automobiles have been playing a vital part in the daily activities of our society, they also bring us numerous troubles such as more serious environmental pollution, more traffic accidents and more energy consumption. They drink up huge amounts of fuel and throw out huge amounts of pollutants. Jams waste our precious time. Therefore, I am against developing private cars.
Recently _______,what amazes us most is______________,it is ture that__________.
There are many reasons explaining__________________________.The main reason is____________________.
what is more_________________________.thirdly__________________________.As a result_______________.
Considering all there,________________________.For one thing_____________________,for another____________.In Conclusion____________________.一种事物或现象(负面意义倾向
有一天,狼发现山脚下有一个洞,各种动物由此通过。狼非常高兴,它想,守住山洞就可以捕获各种猎物。于是,它堵上洞的另一端,单等动物们来送。
第一天,来了一只羊,狼追上去,羊拼命地逃,最终从一个小偏洞仓皇逃窜。狼气急败坏地堵上那个小洞。第二天,来了一只兔子,狼奋力追捕,结果,兔子从洞侧面一个更小一点的洞逃生了。于是,狼把类似大小的洞全堵上了。第三天,来了一只小松鼠,狼飞奔过去,追得小松鼠上蹿下跳,最终,小松鼠从洞顶的一个通道跑掉了。狼非常气愤,于是,它堵塞了山洞里的所有窟窿,把整个山洞堵得水泄不通,狼对自己的措施非常得意。
第四天,来了一只老虎,狼吓坏了,拔腿就跑。老虎穷追不舍,狼在山洞里跑来跑去,由于没有出口,无法逃脱,最终,被老虎吃掉了。
要求全面理解材料,但可以选择一个侧面、一个角度构思,自主确定立意,确定文体,确定标题;不要脱离材料内容及含意的范围作文,不要套作,不得抄袭。
范文:
留下余地,活出品位
老虎穷追不舍,狼在山洞里跑来跑去,由于没有出口,无法逃脱,最终被老虎吃掉了。
这只狼比灰太狼还要倒霉。它忙碌了三天,却是自掘坟墓。它之所以亡,固然有弱肉强食的原因,但最重要的是它没给自己留下余地。如果人如此狼,则品位太低。“背水一战“、“置之地而后生”的情况的确是有的,但还是多条后路比较好。
余地留给自己。河南巩义的康百万庄园的堂屋上挂着一块匾,上书“留余”二字。宽备窄用,生意兴隆,康家便有了骏马一天也跑不了一圈的大庄园。庄园里还有一条精心设计的地道,以便主人在紧急情况下逃脱。山西平遥古城的县衙里也有一条地道。这些都是留后路的例子。
余地留给他人。人大多不是圣人,尴尬时需要一个台阶,穷困时需要一点救助,绝望时需要一条出路,如果没有回旋余地,必然激化他们与社会的矛盾。
余地留给生命。为什么要“网开一面”?为什么提倡“不涸泽而渔,不焚林而猎”?因为一个人把一个地区的.动物都灭了,周围的人吃什么?这个人的子孙吃什么?现在东海每年都有禁渔期,草原也有禁牧期,希望“天苍苍,野茫茫,风吹草低见牛羊”的美丽画面更多地出现。
余地留给艺术。中国画大都讲究“留白”,给欣赏者留下想象的空间。“刻削之道,鼻莫如大,目莫如小。鼻大可小,小不可大也;目小可大,大不可小也。”雕刻也需要留下修改的余地。琵琶女在演奏中也曾出现这样的情景:“间关莺语花底滑,幽咽泉流冰下难。冰泉冷涩弦凝绝,凝绝不通声暂歇。别有幽愁暗恨生,此时无声胜有声。”这是音乐上的“留白”。白居易写完琵琶女的演奏后,并未急于收笔,而是写了“东船西舫悄无言,唯见江心秋月白”二句,让人产生“舞幽壑之潜蛟,泣孤舟之嫠妇”的遐思,则是文学上的“留白”,深得艺术的要旨。
余地产生品位。比尔·盖茨主动退位,让人感到亲切;本·拉登搞恐怖袭击,只能自断后路。美国耗时十年,终于将其击毙。老虎再贪婪,也会给秃鹫和鬣狗留一副狼的骨架的。
衣服宽松则舒适,时间宽裕则悠闲,空间宽阔则坦荡,心胸宽广则豁达。
“缓揭帘,勿有声;宽转弯,勿触棱。”让我们留下余地,活出品位。
1、第一段,描述存在的'现象,引起话题。
2、第二段,承上启下,解释这一现象的原因(原因一、二、三
3、第三段,给出自己的观点(观点一、二、三,总结结论。
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