1。 头绪分明,脉络清楚
写好记叙文,首先要头绪分明,脉络清楚,明确文章要求写什么。要对所写的事件或人物进行分析,弄清事件发生、发展一直到结束的整个过程,然后再收集选取素材。这些素材都应该跟上述五个“ W ”和一个“ H ”有关。尽管不是每篇记叙文里都必须包括这些“ W ”和“ H ”,但动笔之前,围绕五个“ W ”和“ H ”进行构思是必不可少的。
2。 突出中心,详略得当
在文章的框架确定后,对支持故事的素材的选取是很关键的。选材要注意取舍,应该从表现文章主题的需要出发,分清主次,定好详略。要突出重点,详写细述那些能表现文章主题的重要情节,略写粗述那么非关键的次要情节。面面俱到反而使情节罗列化,使人不得要领。这一点是写好记叙文要解决的一个基本问题,也需要一定的技巧。如:
One night a man came to our house and told me, "There is a family with eight children。 They have not eaten for days。" I took some food with me and went。
When I finally came to that family, I saw the faces of those little children disfigured (破坏外貌) by hunger。 There was no sorrow or sadness in their faces, just the deep pain of hunger。
I gave the rice to the mother。 She divided the rice in two, and went out, carrying half the rice。 When she came back, I asked her, "Where did you go?" she gave me this simple answer, "To my neighbors — they are hungry also!"
3。 用活语言,准确生动
记叙文要用具体的事件和生动的语言对人、事、物加以叙述。一篇好的记叙文的语言既要准确、生动,又要表现力强,这样才能把人、事描写得具体生动,其可读性才强。试比较下面一篇例文修改的前后效果。
原文:
One day Xiaoqiang was wandering away。 He was soon lost among people and traffic。 He could not find the way back home and started crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by found him standing alone in front of a shop and crying。 They went up to Xiaoqiang and asked him what had happened。 Xiaoqiang told them how he got lost and where he lived。 The two students decided to take him home。 Mother was pleased to see Xiaoqiang come back safe and sound。 She invited the two students into the house and gave them some money, but they didn't take it。 She served them with tea but they left。
修改后:
The other day, five-year-old Xiaoqiang left home alone and wandered happily in the street。 After some time, he felt hungry so he wanted to go back home。 But he found he was lost among the crowded people and heavy traffic。 When he could not find the way home, he started and crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by from school found him sanding crying in front of a shop。 They immediately went up to him。
"Little boy, why are you standing here crying?" they asked。
"I want Mom, I go home。" said the boy, still crying。
"Don't worry, we'll send you home。"
And they spent the next two hours looking for the boy's house。 With the help of a policeman, they finally found it。
When the worried mother saw her son come back safe and sound, she was so thankful and she invited the students into her house。 Gratefully, she offered them some money, saying it was a way to express her thanks, but the young students firmly refused it and left without even a cup of tea。
梅花不争春,独开汉水滨边,吹香弄影,黯淡了一山春色,成就了一世美名。
溪水不争流,叮咚山林幽壑间,清澈婉转,照映西子的容、二乔的貌,不负一生清誉。
人也不从众,即使要遗世独立,也要循着心灵的指引,做自己,给世界留下个巍峨背影。本文庄子不从众,他便让世人都随着他一起逍遥渭水,逍遥天下。
当别人都着纶巾、持羽扇,站在楚王座下,痛拍栏杆,直欲把胸中丘壑吞吐的时候,他却破衣敝履,独钓渭水滨边;当别人恨不能把自己比作光芒四射的太阳,可以洞彻一切的时候,他却指着衔泥而行的乌龟,对身后楚官淡道:“往矣,吾将曳尾于涂”;当别人对亲的的离去而痛哭流涕、情难自己的时候,他却背对亡妻鼓盆而歌。他唱的什么?无非“羽化而登仙兮,却离伤”。
即使现在,我们高吟“圣人无功,至人无名”的时候,他已作古,乘着鲲化的鹏“抟扶摇而上者九万里”。他之身殁,不幸却又幸甚。他不从众,便让人即使望眼欲穿,也难望其项背。
屈原不从众,他便让汩罗江水都随他澎湃千年、滋养千年。
那时,怀王的身侧已无他的立足之地了,身后是郑袖的“巧笑倩兮,美目盼兮”,身前是令尹子兰的肺腑之言,言之肺腑。他不能从俗,他便行吟泽畔:“吾令凤鸟飞腾兮,继之以日夜……”他不愿与人同流合污,啜其糟而哺其醴,他只好指天则问:“指九天以为正兮,其惟灵修之故也”。不!他还不愿随众而降,只好举身赴清流了。本文来自语文茶
他没有从众,他是他自己,他也是我们的先祖。
时至今日,还有谁不从众?方文山,那个钟情于诗情画意的男子。
他用笔勾勒那素胚青花,即使笔锋由浓而淡,那韵致也通过麦克风为江山染上印迹;他用眼看穿千里之外,即使只寻得一行青苔,也绿了那江南两岸;他用心感悟东风,在这荒草蔓烟的年代,让那浓词艳句都黯淡了颜色。
还好,他不从众,他用自己的独特坚守为我们奉上了诗情如风。
从众为众,不从方立。
Last Sunday, Jim went out to fly a kite. The kite flew highly in the sky. Jim ran with it happily.
Suddenly the line was broken and the kite flew away. Soon it disappeared. Where was it?
Jim had no idea. So he had to run here and there to look for the kite. At last he saw it on the top of the tree. He tried to get it down. But he couldn’t. He felt sad.
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