中考英语作文经典词句积累【一】
1。 头绪分明，脉络清楚
写好记叙文，首先要头绪分明，脉络清楚，明确文章要求写什么。要对所写的事件或人物进行分析，弄清事件发生、发展一直到结束的整个过程，然后再收集选取素材。这些素材都应该跟上述五个“ W ”和一个“ H ”有关。尽管不是每篇记叙文里都必须包括这些“ W ”和“ H ”，但动笔之前，围绕五个“ W ”和“ H ”进行构思是必不可少的。
2。 突出中心，详略得当
在文章的框架确定后，对支持故事的素材的选取是很关键的。选材要注意取舍，应该从表现文章主题的需要出发，分清主次，定好详略。要突出重点，详写细述那些能表现文章主题的重要情节，略写粗述那么非关键的次要情节。面面俱到反而使情节罗列化，使人不得要领。这一点是写好记叙文要解决的一个基本问题，也需要一定的技巧。如：
One night a man came to our house and told me， "There is a family with eight children。 They have not eaten for days。" I took some food with me and went。
When I finally came to that family， I saw the faces of those little children disfigured （破坏外貌） by hunger。 There was no sorrow or sadness in their faces， just the deep pain of hunger。
I gave the rice to the mother。 She divided the rice in two， and went out， carrying half the rice。 When she came back， I asked her， "Where did you go?" she gave me this simple answer， "To my neighbors — they are hungry also!"
3。 用活语言，准确生动
记叙文要用具体的事件和生动的语言对人、事、物加以叙述。一篇好的记叙文的语言既要准确、生动，又要表现力强，这样才能把人、事描写得具体生动，其可读性才强。试比较下面一篇例文修改的前后效果。
原文：
One day Xiaoqiang was wandering away。 He was soon lost among people and traffic。 He could not find the way back home and started crying。 Just then， two young students who were passing by found him standing alone in front of a shop and crying。 They went up to Xiaoqiang and asked him what had happened。 Xiaoqiang told them how he got lost and where he lived。 The two students decided to take him home。 Mother was pleased to see Xiaoqiang come back safe and sound。 She invited the two students into the house and gave them some money， but they didn＇t take it。 She served them with tea but they left。
修改后：
The other day， five-year-old Xiaoqiang left home alone and wandered happily in the street。 After some time， he felt hungry so he wanted to go back home。 But he found he was lost among the crowded people and heavy traffic。 When he could not find the way home， he started and crying。 Just then， two young students who were passing by from school found him sanding crying in front of a shop。 They immediately went up to him。
"Little boy， why are you standing here crying?" they asked。
"I want Mom， I go home。" said the boy， still crying。
"Don＇t worry， we＇ll send you home。"
And they spent the next two hours looking for the boy＇s house。 With the help of a policeman， they finally found it。
When the worried mother saw her son come back safe and sound， she was so thankful and she invited the students into her house。 Gratefully， she offered them some money， saying it was a way to express her thanks， but the young students firmly refused it and left without even a cup of tea。
中考英语作文经典词句积累【二】
1。 叙述的人称
英语的记叙文一般是以第一或第三人称的角度来叙述的。用第一称表示的是由叙述者亲眼所见、亲耳所闻的经历。它的优点在于能把故事的情节通过“我”来传达给读者，使人到真实可信，如身临其境。如：
The other day， I was driving along the street。 Suddenly， a car lost its control and ran directly towards me fast。 I was so frightened that I quickly turned to the left side。 But it was too late。 The car hit my bike and I fell off it。
用第三人称叙述，优点在于叙述者不受“我”活动范围以内的人和事物的限制，而是通过作者与读者之外的第三者，直接把故事中的情节展现在读者面前，文章的客观性很强。如：
Little Tom was going to school with an umbrella， for it was raining hard。 On the way， he saw an old woman walking in the rain with nothing to cover。 Tom went up to the old woman and wanted to share the umbrella with her， but he was too short。 What could he do? Then he had a good idea。
2。 动词的时态
在记叙文中，记和叙都离不开动词。所以动词出现率最高，且富于变化。记叙文中用得最多的是动词的过去的'，这是英语记叙文区别于汉语记叙文的关键之处。英语写作的优美之处就在于这些动词时态的变化，正是这一点才使得所记、所叙有鲜活的动态感、鲜明的层次感和立体感。
3。 叙述的顺序
记叙一件事要有一定的顺序。无论是顺叙、倒叙、插叙还是补叙，都要让读者能弄清事情的来龙去脉。顺叙最容易操作，较容易给读者提供有关事情的空间和时间线索。但这种方法也容易使文章显得平铺直叙，读起来平淡乏味。倒叙、插叙、补叙等叙述方法能有效地提高文章的结构效果，让所叙之事跌宕起伏，使读者在阅读时思维产生较大的跳跃，从而为文章所吸引，深入其中。但这些方法如果使用不当，则容易弄巧成拙，使文章结构散乱，头绪不清，让读者不知所云。
4。 叙述的过渡
过渡在上下文中起着承上启下、融会贯通的作用。过渡往往用在地点转移或时间、事件转换以及由概括说明到具体叙述时。如：
In my summer holidays， I did a lot of things。 Apart form doing my homework， reading an English novel， watching TV and doing some housework， I went on a trip to Qingdao。 It is really a beautiful city。 There are many places of interest to see。 But what impressed me most was the sunrise。
The next morning I got up early。 I was very happy because it was a fine day。 By the time I got to the beach， the clouds on the horizon were turning red。 In a little while， a small part of the sun was gradually appearing。 The sun was very red， not shining。 It rose slowly。 At last it broke through the red clouds and jumped above the sea， just like a deep-red ball。 At the same time the clouds and the sea water became red and bright。
What a moving and unforgettable scene!
5。 叙述与对话
引用故事情节中主要人物的对话是记叙文提高表现力的一种好方法。适当地用直接引语代替间接的主观叙述，可以客观生动地反映人物的性格、品质和心理状态，使记叙生动、有趣，使文章内容更加充实、具体。试比较下面两段的叙述效果：
I was in the kitchen， and I was cooking something。 Suddenly I heard a loud noise from the front。 I thought maybe someone was knocking the door。 I asked who it was but I heard no reply。 After a while I saw my cat running across the parlor。 I realized it was the cat。 I felt released。
这本来应是一段故事性很强的文字，但经作者这么一写，就不那么吸引人了。原因是文中用的都是叙述模式，没有人物语言，把“悬念”给冲淡了。可作如下调整：
I was in the kitchen cooking something。 "Crash!" a loud noise came from the front。 Thinking someone was knocking at the door， I asked， "Who?" No reply。 After a while， I saw my cat running across the parlor。 "It＇s you。" I said， quite released。
中考英语作文经典词句积累【三】
Study the two pictures above carefully and write an essay entitled “On the Relationship between Environment and Economy” In the essay, you should (1 describe the pictures and interpret their meaning (2 give your opinion with some proof (3 give your conclusion.You should write about 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points
[参考范文]On the Relationship between Environment and Economy
The two pictures above are both about the relationship between the environment and the economic development. In the first picture, GDP is on the rise while the environment is drastically polluted. In the second picture, economic efficiency progresses with environmental protection. It’s easy to get the conclusion that development according to the second picture is more reasonable than that in the first one.
In the early development of socialism, our country didn’t pay much attention to the issue of environmental protection and savored the bitterness. Now, the government has taken many measures and is implementing the strategy of “sustainable development”. One aspect of the strategy is to develop the economy and take measures to protect the environment at the same time. In this way, we can develop our country in a sustainable manner and our offspring can have enough resources to develop society. If we don’t put much emphasis on the environment issue and excavate the natural resources blindly, our country will become a barren land sooner or later.
In a word, sustainable development is a reasonable strategy which should be implemented for a long time. The nature is providing us with plentiful resources generously, but it may punish us severely if we don’t care her.
中考英语作文经典词句积累【四】
Study the picture above carefully and write an essay entitled “After Graduation” In the essay, you should (1describe the picture (2interpret its meaning (3give your opinion about the phenomenon. You should write about 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET2. (20 points
[参考范文]
Graduation is an important event for all of us. It is the divide between school and a full-time working life. After graduation, we are no longer students protected by parents and teachers, but a member of the real society. Let’s look at the picture first. A graduate is told by his teacher, “You must depend on yourself during your life journey after graduation…” He finds that some former graduates fly high into the sky while some experience a drastic fall.
The picture tells us a principle. Graduation is not the end of your education, but the beginning of your real journey. At school, we may find we are no different from our classmates. However, there will be a great gap between us after graduation. Some may try their best to improve themselves and become the mainstay of our ear era? While some are indulged in creature comforts and give up their initial ideals.
Therefore, we should remember that graduation is the beginning of our real life journey. If you want to be a person useful to society, you should make all efforts to learn as much as possible from others and improve yourself. In this way, you may fly high in the sky.
中考英语作文经典词句积累【五】
Last Sunday, Jim went out to fly a kite. The kite flew highly in the sky. Jim ran with it happily.
Suddenly the line was broken and the kite flew away. Soon it disappeared. Where was it?
Jim had no idea. So he had to run here and there to look for the kite. At last he saw it on the top of the tree. He tried to get it down. But he couldn’t. He felt sad.
中考英语作文经典词句积累【六】
Every girl dreams and Li Xie is no exception. She has read dozens of books on how to be a ballerina and Swam.
每一个女孩都有梦想，李协也不例外。她读了很多书，都是关于如何成为一个芭蕾舞演员的
Lake is her favorite. She hopes one day her dream will come true. She has taken ballet lessons and all her teachers confirm she is a good student.
她最喜欢的是天鹅湖。她希望有一天能梦想成真。她参加了芭蕾舞培训班，所有老师都认为她很优秀。
One day she saw an advertisement that a famous ballerina troupe will be performing in her hometown.
一天，有一则广告说一个著名的芭蕾舞团要在她的家乡演出
Her thoughts ran wild, "I must meet up with the leader of the troupe and show him my skills, " she murmured to herself.
她看到后顿时思绪纷杂，自言自语道：¨我必须要见见团长，展示一下我的`才艺。¨
She dressed herself in her ballerina costume and managed to evade the guards and hid in the dressing room.
她穿上芭蕾服，尽量避开门卫躲进了化妆室。
To her luck the leader entered and she timidly knocked at the door.
很幸运，团长进来了，她胆怯地敲了敲门。
She bravely approached him and handed him a bunch of red roses and in her excitement the thorns pricked her hand but she did not make much ado about the pain.
她鼓足勇气走近他，送上一束红玫瑰。激动之余，玫瑰的刺戳到了她的手，但她根本没有在意。
The leader observed her action as she told him her dream. "Alright, you dance and I will give you my verdict."
在她给团才讲自己的梦想时，团长注意到了她的举止。“好吧，你先跳，我再说我的意见。"
But half way through the dance he stopped her and said, "I'm sorry you're not good enough!"
但是她只跳了一半，团长就让她停下来，说道： ¨我很抱歉你跳得还不。
On hearing this Li Xie ran as fast as her legs could carry her and was ashamed. She gave up her dream.
听到这话，李协非常羞愧，拼命地跑开了。从此，她放弃了梦想。
Many years later, she heard that the same ballet troupe was performing in her town again.
多年以后，她听说原来那个芭蕾舞团又一次来到她家乡演出。
Bitter memories of the leader's harsh words came flooding back to her.
团长尖刻的话语涌上心头，这是一次痛苦的记忆。
This time she was determined to find out Why the leader had told her she was not good enough when all her teachers thought otherwise.
这次她决定向团长问个究竟，为什么别的老师都认为她跳得很好，而他却不这样认为。
This was his reply, "I tell this to every student." She angrily shot back, "You've ruined my life!一 Then she got a further shock, "
团长回答道：u我对每个学生都这样说。¨她生气地反驳说：“可是你毁了我的一生!”团长的回话让她更震惊了：
I remember your gift of roses and how the thorns had pricked your fingers but you carried on bravery.
“我记得你送的玫瑰，刺戤到了你的手指，而你却勇敢地继续表演。
If you only had treated bal}et like that and did not give up so easily; therefore, you still deserve my verdict! "
如果你能以那种精神对待芭蕾舞，就不会轻易放弃了。因此，我的意见对你仍然受用。
中考英语作文经典词句积累【七】
Study the picture above carefully and write an essay entitled “The Adaptation of the Classical Literature”. In the essay, you should (1 describe the picture (2 interpret its meaning (3 give your opinion about the phenomenon. You should write about 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points?
The picture gives us a view of a popular phenomenon: the adaptation of the classics. Some classical literary works, such as our four great classics i.e. A Dream of Red Mansions, Journey to the West, The Romance of the Three Kingdoms and Heroes of the Marshes, are all adapted to cater to some readers’ tastes. The traditional characters become so strange and the plots are totally different. It is so ridiculous that the precious literary treasures are allowed to be ruined so much.
As we all know, the classical literature is the representation of the outstanding art of our nation. Some familiar characters such as Monkey King express the good wishes of our common people. From them, we learn many good virtues such as honesty, bravery, justice etc. However, in those adapted works named “Bantering***”or “Reboiling***”, all plots are changed and all characters become somewhat watered clown. Some readers interested in reading burlesque works have high praise for them. But they never think of the negative effects of such adaptations on the average reader, especially to children. Children are the future of the nation. They always believe that what is in the books is the truth. Those adapted works will affect their outlook on life.
Therefore, some measures should be taken to restrict these adaptations. The real classics should be presented on the bookshelves to lead people to appreciate the real art.
中考英语作文经典词句积累【八】
（1）记叙。弄清记叙的要素和线索是阅读记叙文的基本要求，同时，还要分清记叙的顺序与人称。
（2）描写。描写是记叙文中常用的一种表达方式，用来表现人物、交代背景、渲染气氛、抒发感情、突出中心；说明文中的描写是为了把事物说得更准确、更易懂、更形象。
（3）说明。理清说明顺序，抓住特征，分清说明方法。
（4）议论。分清议论的要素和议论的方式，分析记叙文中议论的作用。
（5）抒情。抒情有直接抒情和间接抒情。要正确理解作者的情，就必须因人因事因物，从对人、事、物的叙述和描写中感受作者的情感。
2、线索及作用。
文章线索的安排通常有以下几种形式：
（1）以主题为线索（2）以人物为线索。（3）以事物为线索。（4）以中心事件为线索。
（5）以情为线索。
作用：贯穿全文的脉络，把文中的人物和事件有机地连在一起，使文章条理清楚、层次清晰。
3、记叙顺序及作用。
（1）顺叙（按事情发展先后顺序）
作用：叙事有头有尾，条理清晰，读起来脉络清楚、印象深刻。
（2）倒叙（先写结果，再交待前面发生的事。）
作用：造成悬念、吸引读者，避免叙述的平板单调，增强文章的生动性。
（3）插叙（叙事时中断线索，插入相关的另一件事。）
作用：对情节起补充、衬托作用，丰富形象，突出中心。
（4）补叙：在顺叙之后再补充叙述某些与前文有某中联系的内容，是对上文所做的补充解释，对下文做必要交代的叙述文字。这里需要说明的是，因为补叙与插叙同是中断原来的叙述而插进去的文字，所以也有人把补叙归入插叙，但两者是有区别的。
4、修辞方法及作用。
（1）比喻：运用了的修辞，生动形象地写出了
（2）拟人：运用了的修辞，生动形象地赋予事物以人的性格、思想、感情和动作，使物人格化。
（3）夸张：突出特征，揭示本质，给读者以鲜明而强烈的印象。
（4）排比：增强语势，条理清晰，节奏鲜明，生动形象地写出了
（5）对偶：形式整齐，音韵和谐，互相映衬，互为补充。
（6）反复：强调某种意思，强烈抒情，富有感染力。
（7）设问：引人注意与思考，引出下文，承上启下。
（8）反问：态度鲜明，加强语气，给人以不可辩驳的力量。
5、记叙文六要素：
时间、地点、人物，事件的起因、经过、结果。
6、概括内容。
本文记叙了（描写了）的故事（事迹、经过、事件、景物），表现了（反映了、歌颂了、揭露了、批判了）的思想（性格、精神、实质），抒发了作者的感情。
7、环境描写的作用。
（1）交代故事发生的时间、地点，为人物活动提供具体的背景。（2）渲染气氛。（3）烘托人物心理或烘托人物形象。（4）推动故事情节的发展（为下文作铺垫）。
8、句子的作用。
语句的作用一般表现为两个方面：
（1）结构上的作用，包括总起全文、引起下文、打下伏笔、巧作铺垫、承上启下（过渡）、前后照应、总结全文、点明题旨、推动情节发展等；
（2）内容上的作用，包括渲染气氛、烘托人物形象（或人物感情）、点明中心（揭示主旨）、突出主题（深化中心）等。
9、表现（写作）手法及作用。
（1）拟人手法：赋予事物以人的性格、思想感情和动作，使物人格化，从而达到形象生动的效果。
（2）比喻手法形象生动、简洁凝练地描写：事物、讲解道理。
（3）夸张手法：突出人或事物的特征，揭示本质，给读者以鲜明而强烈的印象。
（4）象征手法；把特定约意义寄托在所描写拘事物上，表达了强烈鲜明的情感，增强了文章的表现力。
（5）对比手法：通过比较，突出事物的特点，更好地表现文章的主题。
（6）衬托手法(侧面烘托：以次要的人或事物衬托主要的人或事物，突出主要的入或事物的特点、性格、思想、感情等。
（7）讽刺手法：运用比喻、夸张等手段和方法对人或事物进行揭露、批判和嘲笑，加强深刻性和批判性，使语言辛辣幽默。
（8）欲扬先抑手法：先贬抑再大力颂扬所描写的对象,上下文形成对比，突出所写的对象，收到出人意料的感人效果。
（9）前后照应(首尾呼应：使情节完整、结构严谨、中心突出。
10、不同人称的作用及缺点。
（1）第一人称：优点是亲切自然能自由地表达思想感情,给读者以真实生动之感。缺点是所写的内容不能超过我耳闻目睹的范围，所以不便于广阔地反映现实生活。
（2）第二人称：优点是便于对话，便于抒情,有呼告效果,可加强感染力；用于物，有拟人化效果。缺点是受叙述角度，叙述人的口气以及听话人的'范围的局限，一般人极难驾驭所以并不不常用。
（3）第三人称：优点是不受时间和空间的限制，能够比较自由灵活地反映客观内容，有比较广阔的活动范围。缺点是不如第一人称那样使读者感到亲切。
11、描写。
按内容分，主要有肖像描写、语言描写、心理描写、行动描写以及环境描写、景物描写等。从另一个角度还可分为正面描写、侧面描写及直接描写、间接描写等。
12、议论及抒情的作用。
议论：引发读者思考，点明人物或事件的意义，突出中心,升华主题，起到画龙点睛的作用。
抒情：抒发作者真挚深沉的情感，引发读者的感情共鸣，使文章具有强大的感染力。
13、题目作用：概括内容；揭示主题；提示线索。
14、记叙文的分类。
从写作内容与方式看，可分为两类：简单的记叙文和复杂的记叙文。从写作对象的不同，可分为四类：（1）写人的记叙文；（2）叙事的记叙文；（3）写景的记叙文(即散文；（4）状物的记叙文。
15、八种复句类型。
①并列复句②转折复句③条件复句④递进复句⑤选择复句⑥因果复句⑦假设复句⑧承接复句
16、小说文体知识。
（1）小说三要素：完整的故事情节、生动的人物形象、人物活动的具体环境.
（2）情节可分为：（序幕）开端、发展、高潮、结局(尾声。
（3）分类：长篇、中篇、短篇、小小说（微型小说）。
17、散文的一般知识。
（1）如何概括抒情散文的中心？主要内容+思想感情
①借景抒情的散文：运用描写了抒发了格式
②借物喻人的散文：运用描写了赞美了格式
③托物言志的散文：运用描写了启示了格式
（2）艺术表现手法：借景抒情、托物言志、动静结合的手法、寓情于景、情景交融
（3）散文经常运用：想象（无中生有）、联想（由此及彼，由一事物想到另一事物）、象征（托义于物）、衬托（以他体陪衬本体的方法）、对比。
