To reach your readers in argument, you apeal directly to their reason and emotions, you present yourself as someone worth heeding, and you account for views opposing your own.
议论文中,为使读者信服,作者可以直接诉求读者的理性和感情,把自己表现成值得注意的,并对与自己相反的观点进行论述。
初中学生的英语学习基础参差不齐,给教师的教学带来许多困难。学生学习成绩两极分化严重,普英语学科分化问题更为突出。怎样帮助、指导学生增强学习英语的信心,变厌学为乐学,提高学生的整体水平,从而扭转两极分化现状,已成为每位英语课教师探讨的重要课题之一。
德国教育家赫尔巴特说:“在所有的东西中间,人最需要的东西乃是人”。人需要关怀需要爱,人需要得到别人的尊重和信任。师生之间也一样。中学生情感丰富,教师在教学中要懂得以情感人,特别是“差生”更需要教师的关怀、爱护。
教师在教学中,要借用表情、眼神、嗓音等非语言形式,让学生感受到信任和友爱。每个学生都有追求上进的愿望,但学生间总存在着个体差异,教师要主动了解他们的学习、兴趣、爱好等,有的放矢地进行教育,如在提问、练习中,可根据学生的能力差异分组
在调查了解摸清底细的基础上分组由于每个学生在学习目的与动机、学习习惯与方法、智力水平与接受能力上存在着差异,如果任课教师在教学中墨守陈规,这就往往会适成许多学生“初一劲头十足”,“初二情绪低落”,“初三放弃不学”的局面。到了初三,英语教师面对众多英语水平参差不齐且对英语失去学习信心的学生,真是弃之不忍,教之无策。只好课上教好生,课下抓差生,加班加点,辛苦之极却事倍功半。如何摆脱这样困境,变被动为主动?如何提高教学效果?于是我在“因人施教”、“因材施教”上进行探索。既然学生的英语学习水平有明显的差异,那么只采用面对少数学习成绩好的学生的课堂教学模式显然是不符合面向全体学生的教学要求的。课堂教学是学生掌握教学内容的主渠道,如果把大多数中差学生排除在外,势必造成课上损失课下补的恶性循环……
在教学过程中,作为主导者的教师应充分认识到:学生正处于心理发展的关键时期,学习状态极易受情感因素的影响。学生对教师的情感能直接影响甚至决定他们的学习态度和学习效果。为此,教师要努力克服情感因素对学生的负面影响,从根本上提高自身素质和个人魅力,让学生身心愉快地参与课堂教学活动,以提高学习效率。
即 " composing an argument "。想要写出一篇优秀的议论文,需要作者拥有严谨的逻辑思维和清晰的语言表达。本文从以下几个方面讲述英语议论文写作的方法步骤。
aboutasto
getacquire(knowledge/skills
offerafford(jobopportunities
expectanticipatechanges/difficulities
solvetackle/grapplewith
raiseelevate/heighten
mostimportantoverriding/override
combinesynthesize
supportuphold(ournationalvalues
deepen
weak
usetoomuch
becauseof
satisfy
learn
finally
right
know
miss
dotogether
boring
balance
difference
prettybutlessuseful
fresh
happenagain
good
difficult
perfect
urgent
sad
many/toomuch
fast-growing
maketrue
should
control
broadenone’shorizon
spendAonB
AisimportanttoB
finishsthby
decidetodo
sthisimportant
finditdifficulttodofuelvfuelconflictssap/one’sconfidencestretchnaturalresourcestothelimitattributeto/ascribetomeet/begearedtoward+sthdrawonothers’experienceendupdoing/endwithmakesensenaildownpassuppitchinsitthroughequilibriumecologicalequilibriumdistinctionnicetiesnoveltyrecurringpaindesirableundesirable:notgoodchallengingflawlesspressingbittermounting/awealthofburgeoningpopulationfulfillbesupposetoholdfasttoone’sdreamexpandone’soutlookdedicateAtoBAbeanessentialingredientof/bepartandparcelof/bethecornerstoneofBexploreeveryavenuetowardmakeitapointtodobeamilepostinbehard-pressedtodo/haveahardtimedoingsth
conflictbeatoddswith
few/littleverylittle,ifany
opposefrownon
befullofbeinundated/saturatedwith
todoharmtobelikelytofallpreyto/bevulnerableto
concerncausegraveconcern/concernshavearisenabout
meanspelldisaster/troublefor
makesthsthAhasrenderBsth
tootosthhasreachedsuchproportionthat/…tothepointwhere…mostimportantmorethananything,/andaboveall
growtheproliferationoffast-food/cybergames
seesthobjectivelyputsthinperspective
thinksthmostimportantit’shardtooverstatethesignificanceofneedsthnecessitate/entail
bedevotedtobebenton/upon
showmirror/embody
differentthewholespectrumof
turningpointbeawatershed
accordingtointheeyesof
affecthinder
ageera
aimtargetv
andalongwith/aswellas
andsoonthelike
appearmushroom/springup/sproutup
applyputintopractice
askconsult
aspectsphere
attachenclose
attracttempt/appealto
audienceviewer
basisfoundation
beabletobecapableto
beconvenientatone’sconvenience
begoodatbeskilledat
behelpfulbeofhelp
beimportantbeofimportance
benearbearoundthecorner
beobviousitgoeswithoutsayingthat…/itisarguablethatberisingskyrocket/rocket/soar
besuretobeboundto
besurprisedatbeamazedat
beuselessbeofnouse
bearbeloadedwith
becauseofdueto
becomefashionablecomeintoafashion
becomehappycheerup
beforeoriginal
buildfound/putup/shape
buyafford
byoneselfallalone
carefulattentive
causeattributeto/leadto
changemodify/shift/fluctuation
changewithvarywith
cheatingdeception
choosefrommakeachoicebetween
clearevident/self-evident
comefromstemfrom/springfrom
comeoutcomeforth
complainplaceacomplaintagainst
considerconvince/figureout/givethoughtto
consider…..importantattachimportanceto/laymuchemphasisuponcontinuegoahead
controlinthegripsof
cooperatejoinhandswith
decidedetermine
deepprofound/far-reaching
dependonhingeupon/counton
dependononeselfliveonone’sown
developcultivate/buildup
difficultybarrier
diligentindustrious
dogoinfor/carryout
dogooddofavor/helpv
dropdecline/ontheebb
eatlessgoonadiet
emphasisputahighvalueon/treasurev/valuev/cherishv
enablefacilitate
encouragespursbonto/motivate
endangerjeopardize
enforcestrengthen
engagemajorin
enjoybecrazyabout
enlargebroaden
enoughadequate
evaluatespeakhighlyof
explainuavelthemysteryof/accountfor/beresponsiblefor
facebefacedwith/faceup
failfrustrate
failurefrustration
fameprestige
famousprominent
famouspeoplegalaxy
feelingpassion/sentiments
findlocate
findoutsortout
finishaccomplish
firelayoff
fixinginstallation
focusoncenteron
forexampleacaseinpoint
foreverpermanent
futureprospective
getacquire/regain
getridofeliminate
givegrant/issue
give/supplyprovide…with
giveattentiontogivepriorityto
globaluniversal
goonbringforward
goalheart’sdesire
goodbeneficial
goodstudentstopstudents
goodsnecessity
greatenormous/dramatic
greatprime/utmost
greetingsregards
growflourish
happinesswell-being
havepossess
havearelationshipwithbeontermswith
hopelookforwardto
hopetodosthbeeagertososth./longtodosthhopefulpromising
ignoreneglect
illnessdisease
importantessential/vita
improveenhance/boost/upgrade
improvementadvance
ingroupsintwosandthrees
includemakeup
increasesoar
influencemold
intendtargettodosth./bemeanttodointerestedcrazy
interestinglywithgreatinterestintroductionprospectus
investigationsurvey
joboccupation/employment
joinmaintain/holdonto
keepmaintain/holdonto
killoneselfcommitsuicide
knowgrasp/beawareof/knowaboutknowledgecommand
leavedepartfrom
likepreference
limitconfine
loadburden
lookaroundexamine
lookforruninto/huntfor
lookup…inreferto
lowerinferior
makenervousplacestrainon
makeprogressmakeleapsin/pressforwardmakesureguarantee
makesurethattoseeitthat…
manyberichin/countless
meetruninto/comeacross
messchaos
necessaryindispensable
needbeinneedof
nothesitatefeelfreetodosth
notknowbeignorantof
number
obvious
occupation
offer
only
outcome
overcome
pass
payattentionto
people
perform
period
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