□黎 戈
《东周列国志》里,看到过这样的插图:两个梳双髻的宫女,手执长柄大扇,立在对坐畅谈国事的公侯身后,这样的扇子多半是由奴仆执掌,象征性大于使用目的,它是表明强权的道具。准确地说,它是礼仪扇。
汉代的扇子,则是用竹篾编成,其形制类似于现在的大号菜刀,扇柄附于一侧而不是居中,且开始落入寻常百姓家。在古画中,常见一奴仆蹲踞扇火,大力使着一把扇子,扇子地位大跌。汉末有一些原理简单的机械扇,诸葛亮同学发明过诸葛扇,悬挂屋内,手拉使之转动生风。穿过千年时光隧道,在关于老上海的电影里,仍然可以看见理发店里有这种手拉的风扇。【A】小伙计拉着一根绳,扇子左右缓移,时间也被拉长了,太太小姐们一边做头发,一边有一搭没一搭地拉呱家常。春日迟迟,昏昏欲睡。反正闲妇们有的是时间要打发,降那一点点心火,微风徐来的排扇也够了。
魏晋南北朝的扇子是羽扇,不用说是仿生原理的朴素运用,羽扇有十羽和八羽之分,后来进化成比翼扇,即以竹木为骨架上糊以绢绸,只在末端象征性地饰以羽毛。羽扇是男人的物什,尽显名士做派的道具,羽扇名人有“羽扇纶巾”的公瑾侯及其政敌诸葛先生。真不能想象,诸葛先生要是丢了他的三件套――一羽扇、纶巾、四轮车,会不会风采全无呢?
隋唐时流行纨扇,又称团扇,早唐时盛行腰圆纨扇,中晚唐为满月式样,纨扇近于现代的绢扇,以竹木为骨,承风面大,手感轻盈,它的使用者转向深闺。“轻罗小扇扑流萤”,隋唐女子都是腴美人,如果是骨重身宽的羽扇,用来扑蝶扑流萤,动作的'幅度太大,就失了娇羞劲儿。 宋元后期开始使用的折扇,轻便,价廉,易携带,袖藏即可。市民图耐用,多用油纸扇,文艺青年大多使用素纸扇,图它可以挥毫泼墨,题诗作画。
扇子还是艺术作品中高频出现的道具。
言情小说中,扇子可煽情,比如李香君溅桃花扇;可定情,比如西施赠扇给范蠡;可抒情,《桃花扇》就是靠一把扇子来抒情,并且贯串情节起落的;可绝情,《珍珠令》里,女主角赠男主角折扇一把,即可以示绝交,扇同“散”,和伞一样,是很不祥的赠物。
武侠小说里,儒化的博雅侠客,手持一把小扇,以显其书生性情。江南七怪里那个执扇的妙手书生,还在扇子里面藏暗器、毒针什么的。有的扇子本身就是兵器,比如玉扇真人那把。
西方艺术作品里也常看见扇子的身影。【B】电影里的名媛贵妇手捏一把小折扇,一手牵裙角,莲步轻移,旖旎而行。歌剧中的淑女用一种很有趣的面具扇,上面开了两只眼睛一样的小洞,把自己的面孔藏起来,以示畏怯。
(选自《私语书》,有删改)
这篇文章在语言上有什么特点?请任选文中一处画线句作具体分析。
Perhaps everybody will think: Why, why are the English levels of Li XinYing and Liao ShaoTing so superb ? Let me tell you: Liao ShaoTing and I have entered the continuation class , were taught by the British teacher and American teacher, However, nature of the tuition fee but also" the price is high". But this continuation class is very interesting, make the English levels of Liao ShaoTing and I very terrible. Friends, do you want to have so very superb an English levels of Liao ShaoTing and me too? Let's enter the English continuation class that the foreigner taught!
In addition, I want to talk to everybody: Liao splendid graceful Japanese with a girl who calls Cai YiFei, I have studied one point . But can not only any,it can't say not write. Have certainly entered the continuation class too! It was Japanese teachers that taught. If you want to have a try of, can enter the continuation class . Oh, I say and make nonsense and know everybody support the articles of I at so much saying another word! Hey, will not say more , so as not to take up more Web site space and has not written out any good composition . Friends, learn the languages of various countries well , have very great uses to you accurately!
【意思】:修改;根据原著重写。
© 2022 zuowencangku.com,All Rights Reserved.