1。 叙述的人称
英语的记叙文一般是以第一或第三人称的角度来叙述的。用第一称表示的是由叙述者亲眼所见、亲耳所闻的经历。它的优点在于能把故事的情节通过“我”来传达给读者,使人到真实可信,如身临其境。如:
The other day, I was driving along the street。 Suddenly, a car lost its control and ran directly towards me fast。 I was so frightened that I quickly turned to the left side。 But it was too late。 The car hit my bike and I fell off it。
用第三人称叙述,优点在于叙述者不受“我”活动范围以内的人和事物的限制,而是通过作者与读者之外的第三者,直接把故事中的情节展现在读者面前,文章的客观性很强。如:
Little Tom was going to school with an umbrella, for it was raining hard。 On the way, he saw an old woman walking in the rain with nothing to cover。 Tom went up to the old woman and wanted to share the umbrella with her, but he was too short。 What could he do? Then he had a good idea。
2。 动词的时态
在记叙文中,记和叙都离不开动词。所以动词出现率最高,且富于变化。记叙文中用得最多的是动词的过去的',这是英语记叙文区别于汉语记叙文的关键之处。英语写作的优美之处就在于这些动词时态的变化,正是这一点才使得所记、所叙有鲜活的动态感、鲜明的层次感和立体感。
3。 叙述的顺序
记叙一件事要有一定的顺序。无论是顺叙、倒叙、插叙还是补叙,都要让读者能弄清事情的来龙去脉。顺叙最容易操作,较容易给读者提供有关事情的空间和时间线索。但这种方法也容易使文章显得平铺直叙,读起来平淡乏味。倒叙、插叙、补叙等叙述方法能有效地提高文章的结构效果,让所叙之事跌宕起伏,使读者在阅读时思维产生较大的跳跃,从而为文章所吸引,深入其中。但这些方法如果使用不当,则容易弄巧成拙,使文章结构散乱,头绪不清,让读者不知所云。
4。 叙述的过渡
过渡在上下文中起着承上启下、融会贯通的作用。过渡往往用在地点转移或时间、事件转换以及由概括说明到具体叙述时。如:
In my summer holidays, I did a lot of things。 Apart form doing my homework, reading an English novel, watching TV and doing some housework, I went on a trip to Qingdao。 It is really a beautiful city。 There are many places of interest to see。 But what impressed me most was the sunrise。
The next morning I got up early。 I was very happy because it was a fine day。 By the time I got to the beach, the clouds on the horizon were turning red。 In a little while, a small part of the sun was gradually appearing。 The sun was very red, not shining。 It rose slowly。 At last it broke through the red clouds and jumped above the sea, just like a deep-red ball。 At the same time the clouds and the sea water became red and bright。
What a moving and unforgettable scene!
5。 叙述与对话
引用故事情节中主要人物的对话是记叙文提高表现力的一种好方法。适当地用直接引语代替间接的主观叙述,可以客观生动地反映人物的性格、品质和心理状态,使记叙生动、有趣,使文章内容更加充实、具体。试比较下面两段的叙述效果:
I was in the kitchen, and I was cooking something。 Suddenly I heard a loud noise from the front。 I thought maybe someone was knocking the door。 I asked who it was but I heard no reply。 After a while I saw my cat running across the parlor。 I realized it was the cat。 I felt released。
这本来应是一段故事性很强的文字,但经作者这么一写,就不那么吸引人了。原因是文中用的都是叙述模式,没有人物语言,把“悬念”给冲淡了。可作如下调整:
I was in the kitchen cooking something。 "Crash!" a loud noise came from the front。 Thinking someone was knocking at the door, I asked, "Who?" No reply。 After a while, I saw my cat running across the parlor。 "It's you。" I said, quite released。
清晨六点,闹钟把迷迷糊糊的我叫醒了,快起床!要晚了!”爸爸妈妈也来叫我,我”噌”的一下坐起来,想起我们要去衡水湖旅游,就赶忙起来了。
到了衡水湖,便见一望无际的湖水,迎风眺望,只见湖面的船只星罗棋布,数不胜数。我们乘船来到湖中,船突然忽左忽右,听爸爸说,原来是水草挂住了船,果然水里有好多的.水草漂浮着。大约过了半个小时,我们才到了第一个景点:梅花岛。我迫不及待的下船,刚走进岛中,便看见美丽的孔雀,它漂亮极了,有一只孔雀见有人来了,便来了个孔雀开屏,我连忙给它照了一张相片。
该参观第二个景点了,船又划了大约十里,虽见水草连绵不断,却也平淡无奇,又行了几里,眼前的景色大为转变,千万条芦苇随风飘荡,这就是有名的芦苇荡,我用了九牛二虎之力才拔了一根,作为纪念。
第三个景点是观鸟岛,上岛以后,却发现鸟儿稀少,妈妈告诉我现在还不是鸟来的时候,得等到八月份才行。望着郁郁葱葱的树木,我仿佛看到八月来临时成千上万的鸟儿在空中飞翔。
时间过的真快,我们要回家了。我依依不舍的离开了宽阔美丽的衡水湖。
衡水湖啊,你是我心中的歌!我会永远记住你!
导入:
第1段:Recently we’ve had a discussion about whether we should... (导入话题
Our opinions are divided on this topic.(观点有分歧
正文:
第2段:Most of the students are in favour of it.(正方观点
Here are the reasons. First... Second... Finally...(列出2~3个赞成的理由
第3段:However, the others are strongly against it. (反方观点
Their reasons are as follows. In the first place... What’s more... In addition...(列出2~3个反对的理由
结论:
第4段:Personally speaking, the advantages overweigh the disadvantages, for it will do us more harm than good, so I support it.(个人观点 オ
导入:
第1段:Some people hold the opinion that A is superior to B in many ways. Others, however, argue that B is much better. Personally, I would prefer A because I think A has more advantages.
正文:
第2段:There are many reasons why I prefer A. The main reason is that ... Another reason is that...(赞同A的原因
第3段: Of course, B also has advantages to some extent... (列出1~2个B的优势
结论:
第4段: But if all these factors are considered, A is much better than B. From what has been discussed above, we may finally draw the conclusion that ...(得出结论 オ
I was born in a beautiful town with high mountains around it.The mountains are covered with all kinds of green bamboo.Through the town runs a small stream.It’s said that a new railway is going to be built to the east of the town and a bamboo factory to the west.All the children of the school age can go to school.If anyone is ill,he can go to see the doctor in the newly-built hospital.People in the town are hard-working and never take the backwardness lying down.Though they are having a richer and better life,they are not satisfied with what they have got.They are working hard to build their town into a modern one.
本篇四年级是由论文先生网整理,谢谢浏览! “小船儿轻轻飘荡在水中,迎面吹来凉爽的风``````”这是我们学过的一首歌,没想到我真的坐在小船上享受着凉爽的风.
清晨六点,闹钟把迷迷糊糊的我叫醒了,快起床!要晚了!”爸爸妈妈也来叫我,我”噌”的一下坐起来,想起我们要去衡水湖旅游,就赶忙起来了.
到了衡水湖,便见一望无际的湖水,迎风眺望,只见湖面的船只星罗棋布,数不胜数.我们乘船来到湖中,船突然忽左忽右,听爸爸说,原来是水草挂住了船,果然水里有好多的水草漂浮着.大约过了半个小时,我们才到了第一个景点:梅花岛.我迫不及待的下船,刚走进岛中,便看见美丽的'孔雀,它漂亮极了,有一只孔雀见有人来了,便来了个孔雀开屏,我连忙给它照了一张相片.
该参观第二个景点了,船又划了大约十里,虽见水草连绵不断,却也平淡无奇,又行了几里,眼前的景色大为转变,千万条芦苇随风飘荡,这就是有名的芦苇荡,我用了九牛二虎之力才拔了一根,作为纪念.
第三个景点是观鸟岛,上岛以后,却发现鸟儿稀少,妈妈告诉我现在还不是鸟来的时候,得等到八月份才行.望着郁郁葱葱的树木,我仿佛看到八月来临时成千上万的鸟儿在空中飞翔.
时间过的真快,我们要回家了.我依依不舍的离开了宽阔美丽的衡水湖.
衡水湖啊,你是我心中的歌!我会永远记住你!
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