1。 叙述的人称
英语的记叙文一般是以第一或第三人称的角度来叙述的。用第一称表示的是由叙述者亲眼所见、亲耳所闻的经历。它的优点在于能把故事的情节通过“我”来传达给读者,使人到真实可信,如身临其境。如:
The other day, I was driving along the street。 Suddenly, a car lost its control and ran directly towards me fast。 I was so frightened that I quickly turned to the left side。 But it was too late。 The car hit my bike and I fell off it。
用第三人称叙述,优点在于叙述者不受“我”活动范围以内的人和事物的限制,而是通过作者与读者之外的第三者,直接把故事中的情节展现在读者面前,文章的客观性很强。如:
Little Tom was going to school with an umbrella, for it was raining hard。 On the way, he saw an old woman walking in the rain with nothing to cover。 Tom went up to the old woman and wanted to share the umbrella with her, but he was too short。 What could he do? Then he had a good idea。
2。 动词的时态
在记叙文中,记和叙都离不开动词。所以动词出现率最高,且富于变化。记叙文中用得最多的是动词的过去的',这是英语记叙文区别于汉语记叙文的关键之处。英语写作的优美之处就在于这些动词时态的变化,正是这一点才使得所记、所叙有鲜活的动态感、鲜明的层次感和立体感。
3。 叙述的顺序
记叙一件事要有一定的顺序。无论是顺叙、倒叙、插叙还是补叙,都要让读者能弄清事情的来龙去脉。顺叙最容易操作,较容易给读者提供有关事情的空间和时间线索。但这种方法也容易使文章显得平铺直叙,读起来平淡乏味。倒叙、插叙、补叙等叙述方法能有效地提高文章的结构效果,让所叙之事跌宕起伏,使读者在阅读时思维产生较大的跳跃,从而为文章所吸引,深入其中。但这些方法如果使用不当,则容易弄巧成拙,使文章结构散乱,头绪不清,让读者不知所云。
4。 叙述的过渡
过渡在上下文中起着承上启下、融会贯通的作用。过渡往往用在地点转移或时间、事件转换以及由概括说明到具体叙述时。如:
In my summer holidays, I did a lot of things。 Apart form doing my homework, reading an English novel, watching TV and doing some housework, I went on a trip to Qingdao。 It is really a beautiful city。 There are many places of interest to see。 But what impressed me most was the sunrise。
The next morning I got up early。 I was very happy because it was a fine day。 By the time I got to the beach, the clouds on the horizon were turning red。 In a little while, a small part of the sun was gradually appearing。 The sun was very red, not shining。 It rose slowly。 At last it broke through the red clouds and jumped above the sea, just like a deep-red ball。 At the same time the clouds and the sea water became red and bright。
What a moving and unforgettable scene!
5。 叙述与对话
引用故事情节中主要人物的对话是记叙文提高表现力的一种好方法。适当地用直接引语代替间接的主观叙述,可以客观生动地反映人物的性格、品质和心理状态,使记叙生动、有趣,使文章内容更加充实、具体。试比较下面两段的叙述效果:
I was in the kitchen, and I was cooking something。 Suddenly I heard a loud noise from the front。 I thought maybe someone was knocking the door。 I asked who it was but I heard no reply。 After a while I saw my cat running across the parlor。 I realized it was the cat。 I felt released。
这本来应是一段故事性很强的文字,但经作者这么一写,就不那么吸引人了。原因是文中用的都是叙述模式,没有人物语言,把“悬念”给冲淡了。可作如下调整:
I was in the kitchen cooking something。 "Crash!" a loud noise came from the front。 Thinking someone was knocking at the door, I asked, "Who?" No reply。 After a while, I saw my cat running across the parlor。 "It's you。" I said, quite released。
泥泞留痕,不经历风雨,怎见彩虹?
——题记
人生正是在面对和战胜挫折的过程中成长起来的。在人生路上,留下一步步坚实的脚印,才能体现出人生的价值,这是我和父亲一起走泥路时的启示。
当竞赛成绩后,我得知名落孙山,心情就犹如当时的天气,阴阴沉沉,被一层阴霾笼罩着,久久平静。
回到家后,吃过晚饭,父亲见我垂头丧气的样子,便说带我到家后的田野走走。我无精打采地答应了。刚刚下完雨,空气清新,周围的`稻穗和山峦经历了风雨的洗礼,显得生机勃发。我望着一派生机勃勃的景象,心情稍微放松了些。这时,父亲说:“你能找到走来时的脚印吗?”我低下头望着地,很快就找到了,并指着给父亲看。父亲又问:“在平时天气晴朗的时候,你能找到脚印吗?”我马上回答,父亲问我为。我说道:“下了雨,土地变得泥泞,留下了痕迹。”父亲边走边说:“这不正像是人生吗!”“人生?”我猛地醒悟,是啊,经历了风雨的洗礼,才能在人生之路留下痕迹,才能人生的价值。我望着父亲踏下的个坚定的脚步,仔细地思考着这过程中收获的智慧。
挫折是人生路上的风雨,经历风雨的洗礼,才能留下生命的痕迹,才能生命的价值,才能书写生命的意义。
我振作了,我充满斗志了,我永远不会忘记与父亲走泥路时收获的智慧,我将踏出个展示价值的脚印,用我的行动为书写一条之路。
Readandwrite(正确抄写下列单词、词组和句子,抄写句子时注意大小写和标点符号
isitanappleoranorangeitsanappleitssweet
whosepencilcasesarethesetheyresharptheyrepeters
whatsthatisitabigblackdogsayshey
anditsnicewhenpeoplesaythankyouwhentheygetoffthebus
thesunrisesbehindthehillthetreesshadowgrowsshort
whatsthataskoneofthebrotheritsanelephantanswerstheman
WhatsthatIsitabigblackdognoitisntitsyourshadowheyReadandjudgeandcrircle(判断下列各组单词划线部分的发音,用“T”或“F”表示
((((((
画出划线部分发音不同的单词
()1.A.bearB.hearC.chairD.there
()1.A.glassB.haveC.bagD.hand
找出划线部分与例词含有不同音素的单词
(
Writedownthewords(根据要求写词
thin(近义词your(宾格
crunchy(同类词bag(近义词
Readandchoose(读一读,选一选,将字母代号写在前面的括号内
(Ican’twritewiththepencil.It’snot.
A.hardB.sharpC.blunt
(whatisshedoing?she’sA.singB.dancingC.candance
Readandwrite(读一读,用括号内所给的单词的适当形式填空
1.Let’s(playintheplaygroundnow.It’sa(sunday.
2.Those(knifeareKitty’s.These(oneareMike’s.
3.Thesegrapesaresour.Idon’tlike(eatthem.
4.---Arethered(cherryfor(we?---Yes,theyare.
5.---(bethereanylemonjuiceinthebottle?---No,there(benot.
6.Look,the(foxlikeeatingmeatand(grape.
7.Theapple(likeaball.
8.Kitty’smothercancookverywell.She(cookinthekitchennow.
9.Myfathercan_________(driveacar.Heoften__________(drivehiscartowork.Nowhe__________(drivehiscartowork.
10.Thenumber787bus__________(carry60passengers.
11.Whatarethese?___________(torch
Readandwrite(读一读填上适合的单词,每线一词
1.Zebrashaveblackstripes(条纹them.Everyzebrahasadifferentofstripes.
2.Agiraffestandingup.Itdoesn’tdowntosleep.
3.---Whatdofoxeslikeeating?---Theylikeeatingmeatand4.Ababycowisa.adultcowisabout1.5meterstall.
hasKallygot?---Alovelydog.
6.Mr.Leeis_______dinnerwithhisshadow.
7.Ericcanher,smell,touchandtaste.Buthecan’tsee.Heis_______
8.Icansmellpizzas.CanIhavesomepizzas?I’m_________
Readandwrite(读一读,填上与划线单词属于同类的单词,每线一词
thefishandthedesk.
Answerthequestion(根据实际情况回答问题,每线词数不限
5.Whatcolorarepandas’spots?
6.HowmanypassengersdoesUncleJim’
Rewritethesentences(根据要求改写句子,每词一线
划线部分提问
2.Whatabluntpencilitis!(用how替换意思不变
3.Thisismyknife.(复数句
4.Hewantstoeattheredcherries.(选择疑问句
划线部分提问
6.Hedrivesthenumber21bus.(改为一般疑问句划线部分提问
8.ThoseareDanny’scherries.(划线部分提问划线部分提问划线部分提问
11.Whatisthat?It’sacherry.(复数句划线部分提问
13.Itisabigbox.(复数
14.Thisdeskissmooth.(变否定句,但意思不变划线部分提问划线部分提问
17.Hetriestogetthemontime.(改为一般疑问句划线部分提问
19.Shinethetorchandmakeashadow.(改为否定句
20.CanItakeoffmyshoes?(肯定回答
划线部分提问
22.Unclejimdrivesthenumber37bus.(一般疑问句
23.Thetoydoggieissoftandfluffy.(划线部分提问
24.Isthatalongbench?(复数句
25.Myfriendlooksbigandstrong.(否定句
26.WheredoesUnclejimdrivehisbus.
Readandwrite(阅读短文,填入适当的单词,使其内容通顺,每线一词,首字母已给
Look,thereisafoxunderthetree.It’sagrapetree.Thefoxcanseemanygrapes.TheyarepTheyareroundandsweettoo.Itwantstoethegrapes.Buttheyareonatallvine.Itceatthem.Thebirdiscoming.Thefoxsays,“Pleasegivemesomegrapes.Ilgrapes.”Thebirdssays,“OK.Somegrapesforyou.Let’seattogether.”Thefoxandthebirdsarehfriends.
Inthemorning,thesunrisesbehindthehill.Thehillishigh,butitiscoveredwithtressandgrass.Thereisaparkinfofthehill.It’saniceo.Mr.Lidosesomeexercisesunderthetreeinthepark.Heisbusy.Thenheebreakfastandgoestowork.Heworksinabankforeighthoursaday.Ataboutfiveo’clock,thesungdownintheevening.Mr.Ligoeshome.Afterdinner,Mr.andMrs.Litakeawalkonthepneartheirhouse.Theymeetsomeneighboursthere.Theytalkandtalk.Howhappytheyare!
ReadBEUnit2,retellthestory(课文复述故事
Jimisadriver.He’sBright’suncle.HecandriveNo.21busthecityallday.Hisbusisfulldayandallnight.Hisbuscancarry65.Jimlikeshisjob.Hetogetpeopletoworktime.
Readandfinishthepassage(首字母填空
Hello,IamEddie.Iamastudent.Ilikereadingandw’ssmall,butit’stidy,youcansadesk.It’sbigandyellow.Therearemanybooksonit.SomearetSomearethin.Someareblue.SomeareWhite.Nearthebooks,thereiapencilcase.It’snotshort.It’slong.It’ssandhard.Ilikesittingatthedesk.
I was born in a beautiful town with high mountains around it.The mountains are covered with all kinds of green bamboo.Through the town runs a small stream.It’s said that a new railway is going to be built to the east of the town and a bamboo factory to the west.All the children of the school age can go to school.If anyone is ill,he can go to see the doctor in the newly-built hospital.People in the town are hard-working and never take the backwardness lying down.Though they are having a richer and better life,they are not satisfied with what they have got.They are working hard to build their town into a modern one.
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