Perhaps there is something you don't know how to doTTn the past, you might turn to a friend or a relative, attend a night class or go to the local library to find the answer. But at present a lot of websites are springing np to offer free practical advice on these subjects aod actually anything else you can imagine.
Why is online learning so popular among people? The answer is obvious: online learning is nuich more convenient. In the past, you perhaps had to spend pienp of lime learning m a night class or going to the library to look for relevant materials. However, now when you run into a problem, yotijust need to click the mouse, then a lot of related websites will appear in front of you*
However, not all the materials on the Internet are correct; sometimes they are false. Thus, if you want to lcam something from the Internet, you should make sure what you will leam is completely correct.
1。Whereas
该词意为:considering that, “鉴于”,“就(而论”,常用于合同协议书的开头段落以引出合同双方订立合同的理由或依据。如:Whereas Party A desires to use the Patented Technology of Party B to manufacture and sell the Contract Products……鉴于甲方希望利用乙方的专利技术制造并销售合同产品。
2。Whereby
该词意为:by the agreement, by the following terms and conditions,“凭此协议”,“凭此条款”,常用于合同协议书中以引出合同当事人应承担的主要合同义务。如:
A sales contract refers to a contract whereby the seller transfers the ownership of an object to the buyer and the buyer pays the price for the object。 句中a contract whereby the seller transfers……意为:a contract by which the seller transfers……
以上是对外经贸合同英语中几个典型旧体词用词方面的重要的特点,笔者希望初涉外经贸合同的教师和学生予以留意,有针对性地学习,达到事半功倍的效果;也希望进行外贸合同写作时也能把握住这几个特点,写出好的外经贸合同,顺利地进行外贸业务往来。
1。thereof
以”there”为前缀加上介词构成的词,如thereafter, thereby, therein, thereinafter, thereinbefore, thereon, thereof, thereunder, thereupon, therewith等,在文中具体指什么,需要读者依照合同的上下文来判断,因而理解起来比较复杂,请看下例:
This Agreement is written in the English language。 In case of any discrepancy between the English version and any translation thereof, the English text shall govern。 句中”the English version and any translation thereof”从上下文判断意为 “the English version and any translation of the English version”,即thereof一词代替of the English version。与以here开头的词如hereof的理解方法类似。
2。therein
该词意为in that, in that particular
context, in that respect,“在那里”,“在那点上”,“在那方面”,表示上文已提及的“合同中的”“工程中的”。如:the contract or any part thereof意为the contract or any part of the contract,合同或合同的任何部分。
3。thereto
该词意为:to that,“随附”,“附之”,如:“Contract Products” means the products specified in Appendix 2 to this Contract, together with all improvements and modifications thereof or developments with respect thereto。 句中or developments with respect thereto 意为:or developments with respect to the developments。
4。thereunder
该词意为:under that, “在其下”,“依照”,如:The Borrower fails to pay any amount payable thereunder as and when such amount shall become payable。 句中any amount payable thereunder意为any amount payable under the contract。
红,青春的炽然。
黄,青春的浪漫。
绿,青春的活力。
蓝,青春的纯真。
黑,青春的执着。
奥运五环,不就是我们青春的标志吗?
炽热
炽热,青春的永不言败。
奥运会追求的是更高、更快、更强的目标。一批批不断奋斗,努力向上的奥运健儿们,展示着青春的激昂与炽热。他们不怕吃苦,证实青春是一个在失败中打滚的时期,失败将磨练出青春更坚强和勇敢的性格。
刘翔——中国飞人。当我们看到他快如野马的身姿时,看到他在奥运会上连连夺冠时,看到他拿着中国国旗在广场上飞奔,呼喊道:“这是我的”的时候,我们曾想过没有,这就是我们的榜样。他虽然经历过多次的失败,他伤过、痛过、输过、败过、责过……但他从来没有放弃过。他凭着一颗炽热的心,不断拼搏着。
炽热,青春的红。
浪漫
浪漫,青春的灵动美丽。
有人说,奥运会上只有成功的微笑,失败的痛楚,那来“浪漫”?可是我要说,赛场上那有力拼搏的瞬间不是浪漫吗?那取得成功的瞬间不是浪漫?那齐声欢呼的场面不是浪漫吗?那惊人的力量不是浪漫吗?那失败时抱在一起的抽泣不是浪漫吗?那成功喜极的泪水不是浪漫吗?……太多太多的浪漫。
老奥运健儿离队,不是引得全场掌声一片,不是引得人感人至深,不是引得人涕泪横流。多么感人的场面!
浪漫,青春的黄。
活力
活力,青春的朝气蓬勃。
郭晶晶——跳水王后。她走到了跳板台,酝酿了几下,轻松一蹬,一跃而起,她在空中翻滚盘旋,体态轻盈,毫不逊色于齐天大圣当年腾云驾雾之势。最后“扑嗵”一声,她落水了,瞬间水花四溅,宛如一朵刚盛开的莲花,真一个漂亮的落水!顿时掌声一片,郭晶晶再次获得了金牌。
在她的身上,我们看到了活力与激情。水的飞溅,空气的瞬动,最后的“扑嗵”,真可谓是动人心弦而又不失生机上的美!
活力,青春的`绿。
纯真
纯真,青春的英雄本色。
贝克汉姆——足球的王中之一。我们的小贝同志呀!在足球场上那可真是:一匹失控的野马,不断向前,不断奋斗,充满的是激情与热。
可有的时候,他也会像一个小孩子一样,疯狂地玩弄着足球,开心地笑着,让人感觉呀,就像是夏天早上的百合,嫩、小、玲、透,一点儿也不害羞,我喜欢小贝的笑,他可爱纯真的笑。
纯真,青春的蓝。
执着
执着,青春的勇往直前。
为了打进国队,运动员们都不断地拼、奋。他们凭借着自己的执着,终于打进国队,在奥运场上一展抱负与风采。是执着,引领着他们前进的方向。
邓亚萍——乒乓之冠。她,一个身材矮小,一个乡村的女孩,最终打进了国队,打上了奥运会,冲上了世界冠军的宝座,是凭着执着。因她身材矮小,队长曾几次让她退队,可她却活也不肯。不管是多么寒冷的冬天,不管是多炎热的夏天,她都不愿离开那台子,那球拍。拍子被磨损了,磨弯了,她都不管,她只知道她要克服所有的障碍,赶上心中梦想。她,最终成功了。
我们可以想象,她的成功是数不清的汗水,无数的泪水,无数次的流换来的。她执着,她成功。
青春绚丽多姿,青春精彩纷呈。青春因奥运而精彩,奥运因青春而生辉!
在天安门广场,护卫队战士们升旗站岗。
(1) 同学们在舞台上表演精彩的节目。
(2) 鱼儿在水里快活地游来游去。
(3) 这惊天动地的声音久久地在天地间回荡。
(4) 爸爸在百米高的脚手架上不慌不忙地指挥施工。
在热烈的掌声中,大会结束了。
(1) 同学们在优美的乐曲中翩翩起舞。
(2) 英勇的五位战士在弹尽粮绝的情况下毅然跳下悬崖。
(3) 他在老师的'教育下端正了学习态度。
(4) 青春运动会在雄壮的乐曲中开幕了。
1。hereby
该词意为by means of , by reason of this, by this agreement,“特此”,“因此”,“兹”,“在此”。此词常用作法律、经贸文件、合同、协议书等正式文件的开头语,在合同条款中需特别强调时也可用,表示当事人借此合约,要宣示某种具有法律效力的“意思表示”,如保证、同意、放弃权利等,一般放于主语后,紧邻主语。如:The Company hereby covenants and warrants that…… 意为:By this agreement the Company covenants and warrants that……即:公司在此保证……再如:Both parties hereby agree that……意为:By this agreement both parties agree that……即:双方当事人在此同意……
2。hereof
该词意为:of this agreement,“关于此点”;“在本文件中”,表示上文已提及的“本合同的、本文件的……”,一般置于要修饰的名词的后面,与之紧邻。如:to take effect on the date hereof 意为:to take effect on the date of this agreement 即:于本合约之日期生效。再如:the headings of the sections hereof 意为:the headings of the sections of this agreement 即:本合约各条款之标题。
3。hereto
该词意为:to this agreement,“至此”,“在此”,表示上文已提及的“本合同的……本文件的……”,一般置于要修饰的`名词的后面,与之紧邻。如:both parties hereto 意为both parties to this agreement,即本合约之当事人双方;items specified in Attachment I and hereto 意为:items specified in Attachment I to this agreement 即:本合约之附件I所列之各项。
4。herein
该词意为:in this agreement,“此中”,“于此”,表示上文已提及的“本合同(中)的……,本法(中)的……”等,一般置于所修饰词后,紧邻所修饰词。如:to file a suit in the court agreed to herein 意为:to file a suit in the court agreed to in this agreement 即:向当事人于本合约中同意管辖的法院提起诉讼;再如:to follow the terms and conditions herein 意为:to follow the terms and conditions in this agreement,即:遵守本合约所规定的条件。
5。hereinafter
该词意为:later in the same Contract,“以下”,“在下文”,一般与to be referred to as, referred to as, called 等词组连用,以避免重复。
6。hereunder
该词意为:under this agreement,“在本合约内”、“依据本合约”。如:obligations hereunder,意为obligations under this agreement,即“本合约内的义务”。再如:rights granted hereunder,意为rights granted under this agreement,即“依本合约所赋予的权利”。
Every four years, people will look forward to the biggest sport game, the Olympic Games. This year, The Rio Olympics is coming soon, as the media much pay attention to report the progress, more problems of this big project have been revealed.
每四年,人们会期待最大的体育比赛,奥林匹克运动会。里约热内卢奥运会快到了,今年媒体非常关注并且报告了进展,然而更多项目的问题被揭露出来。
The biggest problem is the unfinished buildings. It is known to all that a city will be given the right to hold the Olympic Games at least 8 years ahead, so that the government will have enough time to prepare. But the day is so closed and some sports courts are still being built, how could this happen in such big event.
最大的问题是还没完成的建筑。众所周知,一个能够得到举办奥运会权力的城市会提前至少8年揭晓,这样,政府才会有足够的时间准备。但如今日子很临近,一些体育场地还在建,这种事在这样的事件怎么可以发生在这样重大的比赛前。
The second problem is the health. Rio is not the developed city, its health care must can’t compare with the developed contries. As its hot weather and other reason, some diseases are easily to spread. It has been reported that some athletes have dropped out of this coming event, for there exists a kind of virus which will make people sick badly.
第二个问题是健康。里约不是发达的城市,其卫生保健必定不能与发达国家进行比较。由于炎热的天气和其他原因,一些疾病很容易传播。据报道,一些运动员退出即将到来的比赛,因为这里有一种病毒会使人们病得很严重。
As the opening ceremony is so closed, the world is watching at Rio. Maybe it will surprise us.
开幕式是如此的接近,世界都在关注里约奥运会。也许它会给我们带来惊喜。
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