导入:
第1段:提出一种现象或某种困难作为议论的话题
正文:
第2段:Many ways can help to solve this serious problem, but the following may be most effective. First of all... Another way to solve the problem is ... Finally...(列出2~3个解决此类问题的办法
结论:
第3段:These are not the best but the only two/ three measures we can take. But it should be noted that we should take action to...(强调解决此类问题的根本方法
1。 头绪分明,脉络清楚
写好记叙文,首先要头绪分明,脉络清楚,明确文章要求写什么。要对所写的事件或人物进行分析,弄清事件发生、发展一直到结束的整个过程,然后再收集选取素材。这些素材都应该跟上述五个“ W ”和一个“ H ”有关。尽管不是每篇记叙文里都必须包括这些“ W ”和“ H ”,但动笔之前,围绕五个“ W ”和“ H ”进行构思是必不可少的。
2。 突出中心,详略得当
在文章的框架确定后,对支持故事的素材的选取是很关键的。选材要注意取舍,应该从表现文章主题的需要出发,分清主次,定好详略。要突出重点,详写细述那些能表现文章主题的重要情节,略写粗述那么非关键的次要情节。面面俱到反而使情节罗列化,使人不得要领。这一点是写好记叙文要解决的一个基本问题,也需要一定的技巧。如:
One night a man came to our house and told me, "There is a family with eight children。 They have not eaten for days。" I took some food with me and went。
When I finally came to that family, I saw the faces of those little children disfigured (破坏外貌) by hunger。 There was no sorrow or sadness in their faces, just the deep pain of hunger。
I gave the rice to the mother。 She divided the rice in two, and went out, carrying half the rice。 When she came back, I asked her, "Where did you go?" she gave me this simple answer, "To my neighbors — they are hungry also!"
3。 用活语言,准确生动
记叙文要用具体的事件和生动的语言对人、事、物加以叙述。一篇好的记叙文的语言既要准确、生动,又要表现力强,这样才能把人、事描写得具体生动,其可读性才强。试比较下面一篇例文修改的前后效果。
原文:
One day Xiaoqiang was wandering away。 He was soon lost among people and traffic。 He could not find the way back home and started crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by found him standing alone in front of a shop and crying。 They went up to Xiaoqiang and asked him what had happened。 Xiaoqiang told them how he got lost and where he lived。 The two students decided to take him home。 Mother was pleased to see Xiaoqiang come back safe and sound。 She invited the two students into the house and gave them some money, but they didn't take it。 She served them with tea but they left。
修改后:
The other day, five-year-old Xiaoqiang left home alone and wandered happily in the street。 After some time, he felt hungry so he wanted to go back home。 But he found he was lost among the crowded people and heavy traffic。 When he could not find the way home, he started and crying。 Just then, two young students who were passing by from school found him sanding crying in front of a shop。 They immediately went up to him。
"Little boy, why are you standing here crying?" they asked。
"I want Mom, I go home。" said the boy, still crying。
"Don't worry, we'll send you home。"
And they spent the next two hours looking for the boy's house。 With the help of a policeman, they finally found it。
When the worried mother saw her son come back safe and sound, she was so thankful and she invited the students into her house。 Gratefully, she offered them some money, saying it was a way to express her thanks, but the young students firmly refused it and left without even a cup of tea。
此行的首站从岱庙开始。岱庙是泰山的神祉,历代帝王封禅祭祀泰山的场所,而今的岱庙中依旧香火鼎盛,善男信女络绎不绝。岱庙中有楹联成——“泰山岳中之孔子,孔子人中之泰山”。
唐玄宗封禅泰山时以张说为“封禅使”,张说的女婿郑镒借此机会来了个连升三级,之后唐玄宗问及此事,有人便说:“此泰山之力也”。于是
其实无论怎样说,泰山与孔子的关系都是密不可分的,泰山因孔子的盛名而倍受历代推崇,孔子则因泰山而使他所倡导的儒家文化远播。
岱庙的主殿是天贶殿,它与故宫太和殿,曲阜孔庙大成殿并称为“东方三大殿”。天贶殿始建于宋代,供奉东岳大帝,民间传说《封神演义》故事中的黄飞虎。殿内壁画《泰山神启跸回銮图》则以宋真宗东封泰山为蓝本,用以传奇色彩展现了泰山神出巡与回驾的场景,人物饱满且富有灵动之感。
和春水每到一处都要饕餮一餐,已然成惯例。游罢岱庙,我们步行来到泰山脚下的“泰山菜馆”,一家三星级的饭店,可就我看,这里只有装修可以达到三星级,尤其服务水平最是差强人意,让人感叹“纯朴”与“机敏”是如此的难以调和。
登泰山是翌日的行程安排,所以在离岱宗坊不远的宾馆住宿。孰料当晚却下起了雷雨,雨借风势骤然下的还很密集,在我家乡的早春时节很少能有如此急雨,一时还担心第二天的行程是否会受挫。雨急风益劲,一个多小时后才渐渐疏落下来。而这时的我俩舒展了一天的疲惫,酣然入睡。
翌日早起后,见天空依旧阴霾,不时还飘着雨丝,在这样的天气下登山,情与趣俱佳。山下作了些准备,便开始了这次旅程的中心——登泰山。我们选择的路线是泰山中路,这是历代帝王封禅的必经之路。由起点红门到终点玉皇顶距离10.5公里,可是到了中天门处,我们便无余勇可贾了,眼望十八盘顿觉高不可攀。再望南天门,惊喜的发现玉皇顶居然一片白雪皑皑,原来昨天山上降雪,这样的景致实在是不可多得。于是我们改乘缆车直上南天门,在高处俯瞰山顶,岩承雪盖,树挂冰凌,自是一番绝妙景致。
Last Sunday, Jim went out to fly a kite. The kite flew highly in the sky. Jim ran with it happily.
Suddenly the line was broken and the kite flew away. Soon it disappeared. Where was it?
Jim had no idea. So he had to run here and there to look for the kite. At last he saw it on the top of the tree. He tried to get it down. But he couldn’t. He felt sad.
站在时光的倒影里,看梦与生活的交织无常。在匆匆的光阴里,回首驻足观望,你会在不经意间发现,还有那点滴的刻骨铭心在你曾经上演的故事里呆笨地停滞着,仿佛在提醒你,这一切,不曾被时光冲淡……
它背着坚实的盔甲,慵懒的在冬日的午后沐浴阳光。我轻轻地往他的小屋中递了些鱼虾,它便慢慢地探出头来,不慌不忙地品尝这午后的“茶点”。惬意地闭上双眼,把头微微缩入盔甲中,做起了好梦。我呼吸着温热的空气,手捧香茗,看着阳光下油亮的盔甲,它褶皱的皮肤,绿的那样的亲切,我看着它,嘴角45°上扬。就这样,阳光,午后,我和它,构成了一幅别样的和谐。
日光渐渐昏黄,它在一个充实的午觉之后苏醒过来,已是傍晚。我似乎感觉它在找寻我的踪迹。我停下手中的笔,俯下身,摸了摸那纹理分明的盔甲,它被晒得有些微微发热。我用手接了些许的水,洒在它身上,它像是在享受,一动也不动。这个午后的时光就这样像是巨大的砂砾还不愿从窄小的颈口下来,变得如此的缓慢。
每天放学归来,我都会像是完成任务一样去看看它。倾诉忧虑,分享快乐……它成了我生命中不可缺失的一部分。它是我的朋友,甚至是这个家庭的一分子。
又是许多许多个这样的午后,相同的时间,相同的地点,不同的人物,不同的风景,不同的心情。如今的它已经悄然消逝在匆匆的岁月中。可我反而却不曾觉得它离开过。是啊,它就在那慢下来的时光里,在那个冬日的午后,永远地滞笨着它的步伐,我也就那样会心地对它微笑……
上午去市一中送考,在校园里拍到了以前没有注意到的风景,发现了以前没有发现的美丽。是的,生活中许多美丽需要我们放慢脚步才能发现,需要我们静下心来才能品味出精彩。
平时,我们习惯于匆匆前行,忽略了身边无数的美丽和精彩,总是埋怨生活的无聊,慨叹日子的乏味。殊不知,这并不是生活的责任。生活本身精彩纷呈,是我们前行的步履太过匆匆,没有留心观察,没有用心体味。同样的风景,在不同心境下,会展示出不同的风韵。
慢下来,会精彩,充满哲理。
我们学习,不宜求快,太快,囫囵吞枣。我们搞改革,不宜求快,太快,会付出更大的代价。无论是个人成长,还是国家建设,欲速则不达,慢下来,会精彩!
学习中,有的学生连课本上的文章还没有读过一遍,就去练习册做题目,怎么能做好呢?况且,仅仅读一遍还不够,还不能真正理解文章的精髓。只有反复咀嚼原文,在经典文章中获得真谛,才能从容解答问题,取得举一反三的效果。慢下来,会在原文中悟出很多道理,会发现许多真知,你的能力就会不断提升,否则,你也许会提高了解题速度,但是正确率肯定会低得惊人。再比如,假如我们的老师在传授知识的时候不重视基础知识的传授,一味地过早强调综合能力的提升,那也会让学生们栽跟头,真正的能力培养不起来,速度是快了,但效果会很糟糕,绝对不会有精彩绽放。放慢速度,打好基础,反正会精彩呈现。
如果说到国家的改革,道理也很明显。哪一次高速发展没有留下惨痛的教训呢?以大量消耗资源污染环境为代价的高速发展究竟给我们带来了多大的好处呢?以发子孙财为代价的高速发展究竟有什么必要呢?现在我们看起来是放慢了速度,但对经济的可持续发展无疑是大有裨益。只有这样,慢下来,才会真正有益于中华民族的未来,让中华民族真正以自己的精彩傲然屹立于世界的东方。
导入:
第1段:提出一种现象或某个决定作为议论的话题
As a student, I am strongly in favour of the decision. (亮明自己的观点是赞成还是反对
The reasons for this may be listed as follows. (过渡句,承上启下
正文:
第2段:First of all... Secondly... Besides...(列出2~3个赞成或反对的`理由
结论:
第3段:In conclusion, I believe that... (照应第1段,构成"总—分—总"结构
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