(1)摘要式:即将书中或文章中一些重要观点、精彩警辟语句,有用数据和材料摘抄下来,目的是积累各种资料,为科研、教学、学习和工作作好准备。可按原书或原文系统摘录;也可摘录重要论点和段落;还可摘录重要数字。
(2)评注式:评注式笔记不单摘录,还要写出自己对这些要点的看法和评价。常用方法有书头批注。即在书中重要地方用笔打上符号或在空白处加批注、折页作记号;也可用提纲方法把书和文章论点或主要论据扼要记叙下来;还可用摘要式综合全文要点、记下主要内容;读完全书或全文对得失加以评论也是一种方法。
(3)心得式:即读后感。是读书或读文章后写出的自己的认识、感想、体会和启发。常用方法有:札记,也叫札记,是摘记要点与心得结合的产物;心得,也叫读后感。将读书体会、感想、收获写出来;综合观点、见解,提出自己看法并记录下来,也是很好的读书方法。
(4)记载式:1)笔记本。成册笔记本可用来抄原文、写提纲、记心得、写综述。长处是便于保存,缺点是不便分类,但可按类单独成册。 2)活页本。可用来记各种各样笔记。便于分类,节约纸张和日后查阅。 3)卡片。好处便于分类,可按目排列,便于灵活调动又节省纸张,但篇幅小,内容不宜长。 4)剪报。把报纸和有用资料剪下来,长文章可贴在笔记本或活页本上,短小材料可贴在卡片上。剪报材料可加评注,也可分类张贴,要注明出处,以便使用。 5)全文复印。重要读书材料,为保持完整性,可全文复印编目分类留用。
Dear Sir:
Four years as a senior clerk in sales department of the New World Products com#pany have, I believe,given me the experience to qualify for the job you advertised in Thursday's newspaper.
Since 1981 I have been responsible for all office details in the administration of sales, including writing much of the correspondence. In the course of my work, I have becom#e familiar with the various sales territories, and have also in my spare time experience of handling business problems other than my proper sphere.
The years before I was employed at the New World, I was a secretary for Long Brother, an accounting firm. There I became familiar with accounting terms and procedures.
I was graduated at Wah Yan College, in June 1974. I am twenty-five years of age and single.
I am leaving my present position because I can use my capabilities more fully in a position with wider scope. Mypresent employer knows of my ambition and is helping me to find a new place.
May I see you at your office to tell you more about myself and show you just how well I can do the work you require.
Yours faithfully,
假设你叫李平,你从报上得知某公司欲招聘一名英语翻译,请你给该公司经理写一份求职信,你的个人资料如下:
1.简况:姓名,李平;年龄,30岁;身高,1.80米;健康状况,良好;业余爱好,游泳、唱歌、跳舞。
2.简历:1994年北京大学毕业后分配到南通中学工作,1996年调至苏州中学工作至今。?
3.工作:工作认真负责,与人相处融洽。
4.特长:精通英语,尤其口语,已将多本中文书籍译成英语,懂一些日语、能用日语与外宾对话。
联系电话:
联系地址:苏州市人民路一号
第一步:介绍消息来源
介绍消息来源实际上是求职信的开篇交待句,它可使求职信显得自然、顺畅;而不介绍消息来源,会使收信人感到意外、突然,文章也缺乏过渡、照应,本文消息来源可作如下介绍:
Dear manager,
I learned from the newspaper that your company wanted to hire an English translator.
第二步:表明求职心愿
介绍完消息来源后,应向收信人表明自己的求职心愿,即写信的目的,本文求职心愿可作如下介绍:
I'm interested in this job very much. I'd like to get this job.
第三步:介绍个人简历
某单位需要新人,求职人也有求职心愿,但这并不意味着这项工作非你莫属。如果你没有干好这项工作的经历、实力,也是难以适应的。因此,介绍个人简历是必不可少的。本文个人简历可介绍如下:
Now I'd like to introduce myself to you. My name is Li Ping. I'm 30 years old. I'm 180 cm tall. I'm healthy. I like swimming, singing and dancing in my spare time. I graduated from Beijing University in 1994.Then,I went to work in Nantong Middle School. In 1996,I began to work in Suzhou Middle School and I have worked there until now.
第四步:摆出求职优势
仅有一定的.工作经历而没有自身的优势和特长,也很难求得称心如意的工作。因此,求职时应表明自己除了具有一定的工作经历之外,还具有一定的优势和特长,这样才能稳操胜券。本文可通过如下方法摆出自己的优势:
I work hard and I can get along well with others. I'm good at English and especially my spoken English is very good. I've translated many Chinese books into English. I can understand Japanese and I can talk to foreigners in Japanese freely.
第五步:提出获职打算
丰富的工作,一定的优势和特长,只能代表过去和现在的情况,如果获职后自以为心愿已了,从此高枕无忧,马虎从事,那也是得不到用人单位认可的。显然表明获职后努力工作的决心是感动用人单位的领导从而顺利谋得此项工作的重要一环。本文获职打算可作如下介绍:?
If you agree with me, I'll work hard and try to be a good translator.
第六步:请求答复联系
如果单位领导同意了你的求职要求,你必然要请他和你联系,以便你及时做好准备,到用人单位应聘或报到。为准确起见,请求答复联系时你还应当提供你的通讯地址、邮政编码、电话号码、电子信箱等。本文答复联系的内容可作如下介绍:
If you agree with me, please write a letter to me or phone me. I live at No.1 Renmin Road, Suzhou city. My telephone number is 3654371.
第七步:表明感激之情
无论你的请求是否能够得到满意的答复,你给用人单位写信就是给对方添了麻烦,因此你应向对方表明感激之情。本文可这样来表明感激之情:
Thank you very much.
上述七步内容联成一个整体,再加上下面的信尾,就成为一封完整的求职信。
Yours Truly
LiPing
Dear Sir:
Hello,my name is XXX and my English name is XXX.I'm XX years old.I'm a student in a very beautiful school and I'm in Class X Crade X.I'm very happy and I like to make friends with others, I also like running but travling is my favourite,I have been to many cities in China but I haven't been to other countries.What a pity!When I am at home,I sometimes help my mother to do some housework and my mother said I am a good helper!At school,I often help my teachers to do somthings and I think I am a good helper,too!If you want to learn and speak English well,please remember an old saying,Nothing is impossible in the world if you put your heart into it.
评注读书笔记,是读完读物后对它的得失加以评论,或对疑难之点加以注释,这样的读书笔记叫作评注笔记。例如鲁迅读《蕙櫋杂志》中的一段:清严无照《蕙櫋杂志》:西湖有严嵩和鄂王《满江红》词石刻,甚宏壮。词即慷慨,书亦瘦劲可观,末题华盖大学士。后人磨去姓名,改题夏言。虽属可笔,然亦足以惩奸矣。
案:严嵩篇和岳飞词,有如是作为,后人留词改名,有如是自欺,严先生以为可笔而又许其惩奸,有如是两可。寥寥六十字,写尽三态。(鲁迅《集外集拾遗?书苑折枝(二》
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