车站,母子上车处。
在这个异常方便于孕妇和携带孩子的母亲上车的通道,被一群“文质彬彬”的中年男人占用了。
一位母亲,抱着孩子,焦急地张望着。寒风刺骨,她不禁紧了紧身上的衣服。到处张望,她想赶快找到母子上车处,赶快进入那暖烘烘的车厢,不然自己的孩子会生病的。
所有人都想走这条快捷的.通道,那些人索性装起了文盲。
这位母亲找到了这个地方,那几个中年男子看了她一眼,却也没有让步的表现。这位母亲也只好止步。
寒风刺骨。母子站在通道外。
这些人是文盲吗?肯定不是。他们的举止洒脱文质彬彬还衣冠楚楚,在交谈时也是言辞风雅,一看就知道受到过极高等的教育。
但是,这样优雅的举止,仅仅也只是表面而已。他们所学的仅仅只是知识,他们骨子里品质根本就不是一个读书人所拥有的。
道德文明不仅是表面上的,而是发自内心的。即使是个文盲,只要看到了一个母子,也一定会让道的吧。这样的文明人,仅仅只是看起来非常高雅而已,可是真正的文明是朴素的,文明不需要太多的装饰,即使你并没有那种所谓的“绅士风度”可只要发自内心的为别人着想,就是文明人。
许多人都是打着“文明人”的旗帜随手扔垃圾的;许多人都是看着“禁止吸烟”“禁止吐痰”的标牌而视而不见的;许多人都是说着“文明只差一步”却不肯迈出那一小步的。
文明礼仪不用学,不用交。假如这个人本来就是个“假文明”的话,教得再多也是无用的。然而,假如这个人十分朴素文明的话,即使他没有多少文化,也是会用行动来证明他是个文明人。
这个世界上不需要文质彬彬的“假文盲”,假如学习了那么长时间只是将自己的外表改变了,内心还是一度为自己着想的话,那还不如一个文盲呢!
文明,其实很简单,它不需要很多华丽的包装与修饰,只需要一颗真诚的心,即使你是个文盲,也没关系。作文
按要求改写句子知识点梳理
一、概述
按要求改写句子主要考查学生对句子结构的掌握以及用不同句型表达同一意思的能力。考查所涉及到的句子类型有一般疑问句、否定句、反意疑问句、选择疑问句、对划线部分提问、感叹句、保持原句意思、合并成一句、简单句和复合句之间的互换以及改为被动语态等。
二、解题时需注意的几个要点
1、时态:不同的时态相对应的助动词
一般现在时:谓语动词用原形(主语为第三人称单数时,动词加s或es,变否定句、疑问句时助动词为do或does)
一般过去时:谓语动词用过去式,变否定句、疑问句时助动词为did.
现在完成时:助动词have/has+动词的过去分词
过去完成时:助动词had+动词的过去分词
一般将来时:will/be going to +动词原形
过去将来时:would/was or were going to +动词原形
现在进行时:am/is/are+动词的现在分词
过去进行时:was/were+动词的现在分词
2、语态:主动语态变为被动语态的谓语结构
一般现在时:am/is/are+动词的过去分词
一般过去时:was/were+动词的过去分词
一般将来时:will be+动词的过去分词
情态动词:can/may/must/need等情态动词+be++动词的过去分词
3、改反意疑问句时注意hardly, never, seldom, few, little, no等词表达的是否定意义,变反意疑问句时用肯定形式。
4、在合并句子时,有些连词如not only…but also…, neither…nor…, either…or…是就近原则,连接两个主语时动词形式取决于与动词邻近的主语。而both…and…连接两个主语时,主语是复数。
5、简单句和复合句之间的互换常见的有:带有疑问词的宾语从句改为特殊疑问词+to+动词原形的不定式;结果状语从句so…that…改为enough to或too…to…的简单句。
6、保持原句意思改写句子时注意时态不变。
三、习题
练习一
1. We do our homework every evening. (改为否定句)
We _________ ________ our homework every evening. 对划线部分提问
________ ________ do they have a class meeting?
3. She could hardly understand this passage. (改为反意疑问句
She could hardly understand this passage, _________ __________?
4.The manager told him how to get useful information. (改为否定句
The manager _________ _________ him how to get useful information.
5. Tom’s sister can speak English and Japanese very well. (改为反意疑问句
Tom’s sister can speak English and Japanese very well, _________ _________?
对划线部分提问
_________ _________ he live twenty years ago?
7. Sam does some cleaning in the morning. (改为否定句
Sam _________ do _________ cleaning in the morning.
对划线部分提问
_________ _________ have the students worked on the survey?
9. Your father used to ride a bike. (改成反意问句)
Your father used to ride a bike, _______ ________? (对划线提问)
__________ ___________ the population of Germany?
11. Mr. Wang washes his car once a month. (改为一般疑问句)
Mr. Wang (对划线部分提问
will Susan come back from Athens?
13. My friends lost their way when they were traveling in Hong Kong. (改为一般疑问句
________ your friends ________ their way when they were traveling in Hong Kong?
14. 对划线部分提问
________ ________ has Yao Ming been in the Rocket Team?
15. She put the digital camera on the bed just now. (改为否定句
She _________ _________ the digital camera on the bed just now.
16. Mark's flown to Hainan Island for winter holidays. (改为反意疑问句
Mark's flown to Hainan Island for winter holidays, _________ _________?
(专辑. (划线部分提问
_________ did Super Girl Zhou Bichang _________ to Vienna?
18. I’ve already saved enough money to buy a new car. (改为否定句
I ________ saved enough money to buy a car ________.
19. Lily used to have long straight hair. (改为反意疑问句
Lily used to have long straight hair, ________ ________?
20. He has already been there .(改为一般疑问句
__________ he been there __________?
21.They decided that they wouldn't have the picnic because of the bad weather. (改为简单句
They decided __________ _________ have the picnic because of the bad
weather.
22. The English people hardly ever shake hands between the strangers .( 改为反意疑问句
The English people hardly ever shake hands between the strangers, __________ __________?
23. They grew some sunflowers in their garden last year.(改为否定句)
They __________ __________ any sunflowers in their garden last year.
24. Jane drinks milk every morning.(改为一般疑问句)
_________ Jane ___________ milk every morning? (就划线部分提问)
___________ map ___________ to Class 4?
26. You can choose only one of the two: a mini-TV or a DVD player. (改为选择疑问句
you want a mini-TV a DVD player?
27. That detective film is so amazing. (改为感叹句)
___________ ___________ amazing detective film!
28. He has some money left.(改成否定句)
He money left.
29. (划线部分提问)
do the members of the film society meet?
30. His mother knew why the little boy was unhappy all day. (改为一般疑问句
_______ his mother _______ why the boy was unhappy all day?
31. He looks very funny with that hat on. (改为感叹句
_______ _______ he looks with that hat on!. 对划线部分提问
_______ _______ they build this factory?
33. I have already finished the test paper.(改为否定句)
I ________ finished the test paper ________.
34. Johnson denied cheating in the competition.(改为反意疑问句)
Johnson denied cheating in the competition, ________ ________? (对划线部分提问) ________ ________ the story need to be funny?
36. Sam does some cleaning in the morning. (改为否定句
Sam _________ do _________ cleaning in the morning.
对划线部分提问 _________ _________ have the students worked on the survey?
38. (对划线部分提问) _________ _________ has he been a top fashion designer?
39. 对划线部分提问
________ ________ will they move into the new school?
40. to go to the People’s Square by underground. (对划线部分提问
________ _______ did it take you to go to the People’s Square by underground?
练习二:
1. Gold is less valuable than diamond. (保持句意不变
Gold is ________ ________ valuable as diamond.
2. He told the children to go and watch his tank of Ghost fish. (改为被动语态 The children ________ ________ to go and watch his tank of Ghost fish.
3. Unless I have a quiet room, I cannot do any work. (保持句意不变)
I cannot do any work ________ I _________ have a quiet room.
4. The manager arrived here a few minutes ago. (保持句意不变)
The manager has _________here ________ a few minutes.
5. They will send him to work in Japan for one year. (改为被动语态
He will ________ _________ to work in Japan for one year.
6. The words on the notice board are very small. I can’t see them clearly.(保持句子原意
The words on the notice board are small I can’t see them
clearly.
7. We can solve the problems with the help of the teacher. (改为被动语态 The problems can _________ _________ with the help of the teacher.
8. We can’t finish the work in such a short time. (保持原句意思
It’s _________ _________ us to finish the work in such a short time.
9. We must keep the noise under 50 dbs.(分贝(改成被动语态)
The noise must ________ _______ under 50 dbs here.
10. Mike doesn’t like classical music. Billy doesn’t either. (合并成一句) _________ Mike nor Billy __________ classical music.
11. The room is so dirty that we can’t live in it.(保持句意不变)
The room isn’t __________ _________ for us to live in.
12. No one knows when we will start tomorrow. (保持原句意思)
No one knows start tomorrow.
13. The Smiths will invite the professor to take part in the party. (改成被动语态 to take part in the party by the Smiths.
14. If you are not brave, you’ll lose your last chance.(保持原句意思)
you are ’ll lose your last chance.
15. They store much information in the computer. (改成被动语态
Much information ________ ________ in the computer.
16. Don’t throw rubbish here and there. Our teacher said to us. (合并为一句
Our teacher told us ________ ________ throw rubbish here and there.
17. If John doesn’t apologize for what he did, I will tell the teacher about his bad behavior.
(保持原句意思)
_______ John _______ for what he did, I will tell the teacher about his bad behavior.
18. I don't know where we can grow vegetables in the city. (改为简单句 I don't know _________ _________ grow vegetables in the city.
19. People used to enjoy themselves chatting on MSN when it worked well. (保持句意基本不变
People used to _________ a lot of _________ chatting on MSN when it worked well.
20. If you don’t improve your handwriting, you will lose marks in the exam. (合成同义句
You will lose marks in the exam ________ you ________ your handwriting.
21. To go fishing is fun. (句意不变 )
_____ is fun _____ ______ fishing.
22. Dick was so short that he couldn’t touch the top of the bookshelf.(保持句意基本不变)
Dick wasn’t __________ __________ to reach the top of the bookshelf.
23. “Can I borrow your bike for a while or not?”( 保持句意基本不变)
Tom asked his sister __________ he __________ borrow her bike or not for a while.
24. The couple couldn’t decide which flat they should choose at first. (保持原句意
思)
The couple couldn’t decide which flat at first.
25. Meaningless information is difficult for the little boy to remember. (保持原句意思)
is difficult for the little boy remember meaningless information.
26. People throw away millions of plastic bags in our city every day. (改成被动语态)
Millions of plastic bags away in our city.
27. She was so careless that she couldn’t find the mistakes in her test paper. (保持句意基本不变
She was _______ _______ to find the mistakes in her test paper.
28. We will hold the next Olympic Games in Beijing in 2008.(改为被动语态)
The next Olympic Games will _______ _______ in Beijing in 2008.
29. The elderly man pushed the birds into the river.(改为被动语态)
The birds ________ ________ into the river by the elderly man.
30. Dolphins are so clever that they can follow the instructions.(保持句意基本不变) Dolphins are ________ ________ to follow the instructions.
31. We can’t finish the work in such a short time. (保持原句意思
It’s _________ _________ us to finish the work in such a short time.
32. They invited the astronaut and his wife to the party on Christmas Eve.(改为被动语态
The astronaut and his wife _________ _________ to the party on Christmas Eve.
33. The little girl didn’t go to bed unless the grandmother told her a story. (保持句意基本不变
The little girl didn’t go to bed _________ the grandmother _________ tell her a story.
34. The plane is so big that it can carry 300 passengers at one time. (改为简单句)
The plane is big _________ _________ carry 300 passengers at one time.
35. Did they know the answer to the question? Ididn’t know… (合并为一句 I didn’t know ________ they had ________ the answer to the question.
Keys
练习一
1. don’t do 2. How often 3.could she 4.didn’t tell 5.can’t she
6.where did 7.doesn’t any 8.How long 9.didn’t he 10.What is
在我看过的漫画里,一般都以搞笑、快乐为主题,可是,今天看到的这幅漫画却让我陷入了深思。
这幅漫画讲述了这样一个故事:这天,天阴沉沉的,寒风呼啸,一位穿着单薄的年轻的妈妈抱着一岁左右的孩子,在“母子上车处”焦急的等车。孩子的小脸已冻得通红,快要哭了,“车怎么还不来?”妈妈不住地伸着脖子向车来的方向张望。同样匆忙的几个男人来到车站,看到“母子上车处”只有这一对母子,心想“这儿人少,能早点上车回家!”就挤了过来,后边的往前挤,前边的不想被挤出去,使劲往前推,最后把那对母子挤出了“母子上车处,母亲可怜巴巴却敢怒不敢言。
看到这里,我非常生气,他们怎么可以这样!四个男人个子有高有矮,但相同的结实,他们都穿着厚厚的棉大衣、皮鞋擦得油光锃亮,双手插兜、有的戴着帽子、有的戴着口罩,一个个文质彬彬,不应该是没有文化的人呀,怎么连“母子上车处”这几个字都不认识吗?为什么大男从排到“母子上车处”?难道就是为了更快一点吗?他们是假文盲、真自私!可他们却是我们生活中一大批不文明人的代表,文明成了这些人的口号,说个容易做个难,生活中这样的情况比比皆是。
说起来,我也遇到过这样的事情:有一次,我们一家外出旅行,在检票口排队的时候,后面的人总是推我,刚开始我没理会,可推着推着我快扑到前面乘客身上了,回头一看,是一个大个子叔叔,我很讨厌他,虽说是后面的人也往前挤,可他也不能无缘无故推一个小孩子呀,我也是没办法,排队不就得一个一个按顺序走嘛。
生活中那些假文盲看到这幅漫画一定会脸红的,通过这幅漫画讲述的故事我想告诉大家,一个好习惯的养成需要我们从小事做起、从我做起,我们不在公共场所大声喧哗、不随地吐痰、不说脏话……用实际行动体现文明,做一个遵守社会公德的人,让我们一起创造一个文明又美丽的世界吧!
1、揭示开头,想象说话
2、阅读例文续写部分,思考:
这部分内容跟文章的开头有什么关系?汽车上的人是怎样关系、帮助我的?结果怎样?你觉得这样的事情在我们的生活中是否可能发生?
3、讨论、小结:
这篇例文根据开头“我”的“鼻就流了出来”展开想象,续写了这些内容:一位叔叔掏纸巾给“我”,老奶奶、阿姨给我让座,大姐姐用包着冰棍的手帕按在我的脑门上,后来“雪慢慢地止住了”。整篇文章首尾呼应、前后连贯,人物的行为表现真实可信。小作者的想象有根有据、合情合理。
4、再读例文,写法
寒风凌烈起来的时候,大街小巷再次热闹起来,人们比平时更忙碌了。玻璃钢筋的世界,所有人都带着各自的心事有条不紊地做着不同的事。人一多,全城的公交车站也变得拥挤不堪,活像被压缩的沙丁鱼罐头。
午后的风变得更加肆无忌惮,呼啸着掠过行人的脸颊。刹那间,冷淡的雨丝笼罩住小城。公交车出站不久,候车处很快挤满了急切的人儿,伸长了脖子搜寻下一班车的影子。母子上车处自然也排满了人,只是站牌后的那位妇女,手中紧紧抱着孩子,素色的头巾下一双乌黑的眸子冷淡地打量着排在母子上车处的几个男青年,不禁苦笑一声,随即搂紧了熟睡的孩子,小心地替孩子掖好衣服,一脸鄙夷地看着男青年。占据了最佳上车处的男人双手插在大衣口袋里,外衣下的衬衫领带张扬地炫耀着他的白领身份,他看上去文质彬彬。可为什么男人瞥向妇女和“母子上车处”警示牌的眼神是如此轻蔑不屑呢?他身后穿着军大衣的小伙子只顾盯着自己的棉鞋,毛绒帽子遮盖着前额,看不清具体神色。只是他的脸颊泛着薄红,是不好意思吗?那个看上去矮矮胖胖教授样的男子更是如此,刻意用宽大的鸭舌帽掩住大半张脸,眼神游离不定,隐隐带着厌烦,还时不时搓搓手,是心中有鬼吗?排在最后的是一位医生吧,文绉绉地伫立在后面,目空一切般看着前方,如此表现,仿佛他是红尘背后的眼睛,看穿了一切般的神色。不过,脸颊向下倾斜,上眼皮下垂,谁都看得出有某种情绪隐藏在他的平静里。妇女轻轻叹了一口气,无奈地摇摇头,收敛起温怒的表情,再次看一眼显眼的警示牌,默默地走到队尾,没有再说话……
论学识,他们不应该是文盲;论地位,他们不可能是文盲;论工作,他们不会是文盲;论品行,他们和文盲又有什么区别呢?文盲不可怕,假文盲才是最可怕,最可恨的。每每想起公交车上的老弱病残专座上坐着的手脚健全的青年学生,我心里总会有点不舒服,他们是文盲吗?
文盲,就是不懂知识,没有文化的人。可是,假文盲,岂不是故作不懂,自我欺骗的人吗?在语文课本上,我就看到了一幅有着强烈讽刺意味的漫画——《假文盲》。
这幅漫画写的是一个寒冷的冬天,北风呼啸。在一个公交车上车处,一块木牌竖立在凛凛寒风中。“母子上车处”清楚明显地印刻在牌子上。但意想不到的,是几个人高马大,身材魁梧的男子占据了那儿。在一旁,有一个身着朴素,头戴旧头巾的年轻妈妈。她抱着她的孩子,飕飕凉风中颤抖,无奈却并不敢让那几个男子给自己让位。再看那几个占位的男子他们脸上没有流露出一丝愧疚之情,却旁若无人的站立在那里,一幅事不关己的样子,一点儿也不感到愧疚,反而还昂首挺胸。
看完这幅漫画,一股愤怒与同情如泉涌上我心头,愤怒是因为气那些不讲理有无知的所谓的文盲。我同情那对母子是因为她们只能畏惧的在一旁瑟瑟发抖,去无能为力。难道作家仅仅是把这幅漫画展示给我们看吗?不,不是的!他在告诉我们,在这个看上去和谐美好的社会背后,也会有许多肮脏不堪的“污点”在抹黑。为什么会有这些假文盲来破坏了人们生活规律?我在想:如果人人都能退一步,那还会有这些“文盲”吗?但如果人人都想他们一样那社会就会变得颠倒是非了,不是吗?
在其他地方,随处可见这样的假文盲。例如:在环境优良的公园中,往往会看到啊“请勿随地乱扔瓜果皮屑”,但看得到的,却是残留着的“白色垃圾”,在动物园,“禁止投食”的告示语摆在眼前,可人们还是我行我素,随心所欲……假如大家都遵循规则,我们看到的不就是另一个不一样的情景了,这样不会更好了吗?这些人都只为了自己的利益干净了一切不该干的事情,他们简直就是社会的蛀虫,我呼吁这些人呀,赶紧反醒反醒,不要再让自私心一点一点吞噬你们的心灵了,做一个文明的社区公民,让我们的生活变得更加美好吧!
初冬的时候,她像一位高贵而矜持的公主,挥舞着魔法面纱,迈着优雅的小步,送来阵阵寒风,像成千上万头咆哮的狮子。风像一把刀,无情地刺着我们,像一个淘气的孩子。虽然我们已经紧紧地抓住了我们的衣服,但他还是钻进了我们的身体,让我们发抖。
一大早,我来到公共汽车站乘公共汽车去我叔叔家。
来到儿童寄宿处等车,却看到四个强壮的男人站在母子寄宿处对面。奇怪,难怪我记错了。对面已经变成成人寄宿处了吗?我疑惑地看着它,在通道的顶部立着一个大牌子,上面有五个显眼的字——,是母亲和儿子上车的地方。我揉了揉眼睛,没错!但是四个高个子男人把一对母子推出了通道。
到底发生了什么?站在前面的那个人穿着一件灰色外套,双手插在口袋里。他看起来像一个权威官员。他的眼睛微微眯起。他看起来像老鼠的眼睛。难道他就看不到一拳之外的标志吗?
第二排的男人戴着一顶厚厚的棉帽,手藏在袖子里,闭上眼睛,假装没看见牌子上的字。
他旁边是一个全副武装的男人,戴着一副大眼镜,戴着一顶大帽子,帽檐很低。他害怕别人会认出他。从远处看,他像一个知识分子和文学青年,但他的脸上满是冷漠,就像一个“只扫自家门前的雪,不管别人瓷砖上的霜”的人。“
最后一个穿着棉大衣,戴着大面具唱歌的人,看上去漠不关心,好像什么都没发生过。
“为什么这个巴士经理如此不负责任!“当我看到母亲和儿子上车的地方挤满了人时,我正在想这件事。每个人都在谴责这四个人:“你为什么这么无能!”“母亲和儿童寄宿处是为了照顾妇女和儿童而设立的。为什么你宁愿不识字也要先上车?”最后,在人群的愤怒中,四个人灰溜溜地在噪音中溜走了。
社会的文明依赖于每个人。今天的社会不再和以前一样了。许多人喜欢不识字。让我们行动起来,做一个有文化和素质的公民。
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