现象类作文和观点类作文【一】
刚吃完饭，我想：每天都是爸爸妈妈做家务，总是衣来伸手饭来张口的。今天我一定要帮妈妈分担家务——洗碗。于是我自告奋勇地说：“今天让我来洗碗吧！”妈妈用诧异的眼光看着我，疑惑地说：“你能行吗？”我坚定地说：“没问题的！”
说干就干。我先打开水龙头，装满一盆清水，倒入少许洗洁精，一瞬间一大堆泡泡冒出来，从我的手指缝里钻来钻去。我玩一会，才想起我的重任。我把一个个脏兮兮油腻腻的碗放入盆中。然后把碗里里外外都擦一遍，遇到有点脏的地方就多擦几遍。一开始我一帆风顺，后来我越来越骄傲，一不小心，一个调皮的碗从我手中溜出去掉落在地上炸开花。碗被摔个半身残疾。我开始小心翼翼的洗每一个碗，最后我终于征服那些调皮的碗，可我已经满头大汗。我想：洗碗还真不是一件容易的事。以后要多为妈妈分担家务啊！
妈妈看见，不但没责怪我，还开心的笑，表扬我说：“你懂事，会洗碗！”我听心里乐滋滋的。
现象类作文和观点类作文【二】
【习作题目】
Students Grading of Their Teachers
1．学生给老师打分已很普遍；
2．人们对其持不同态度（肯定或否定的态度）；
3．你的看法。
【习作解读】
显然，此任务是写一篇议论文，主题为对学生给老师打分的现象进行议论，开放性较大。学生应根据实际情况，从多个方面阐述其原因并表达自己对这种现象的观点和态度。该话题更加贴近学生的实际生活，但有一定的语言难度，也有一定的思想深度。通过此文的写作，也从侧面提示了学生在注重写作基础训练的前提下，也应该注重培养积极思考、灵活运用、自由发挥等能力。
此次的写作任务出题相当巧妙，写作内容涉及的词汇和句型都属于新课程标准范围。题目在考查学生写作能力的同时，也在考查学生的分析判断能力及高度概括能力。富有想象力的学生写出的文章可能生动而富有灵性。此题目能引发学生对平日习以为常的行为进行反思，学会换位思考，这对中学生的性格和品德培养非常重要。
【习作展示】
Students Grading of Their Teachers
Nowadays, a lot of schools ask their students to contribute to grading their teachers. As a teacher, it is their responsibility to satisfy their students in all aspects. Meanwhile, it is admirable that school teachers prefer to expose themselves to their students.
If the system of grading of teachers by students is introduced, it will benefit students, teachers and the administration of the school for a number of reasons. For one thing, the system will give teachers and the administration of the school an insight into the minds of the students and show whether the teachers are successful in getting their lessons understood by the students; for another, it will also encourage the good teachers to continue their efforts and motivate themselves. What is more, it will expose those who are not doing enough and will lead them to correct their teaching methods as well as their attitude towards students. Thus the quality of teaching will certainly improve.
In a word, it is a promising concept and will bring surprisingly good results if applied with the right conditions.
【习作点评】
作者观点明确，赞成学生给老师打分。作为老师，就要做一个让学生满意的老师。这样，不仅对学生、学校有利，而且对老师本人也有利。这样，老师就会从另一个角度重新审视自己，看自己是否是一个成功的老师。如果得到学生的认可，这将是对自己的一次鼓励，为继续前行增添动力。如果学生的认可度不高，老师就应进行反思，调控教学方法和教学态度。这样，教学质量肯定会提高。作
者用简洁、明快的语言以及自己的经历列举了充分的论据，内容充实，贴近生活。For one thing, for another, what is more, in a word等过渡词的使用，是短文结构清晰，层次分明。最后，最值得一提的是，文中多次正确运用的高级词汇和复杂句式，给文章增添了不少文采。综上所述，这是一篇不可多得的佳作，值得向大家推荐。
二、写作模板
此模板适用于社会现象类议论文。参考模式如下：
Nowadays, there exists an increasingly serious social/economic/environmental There are a couple of reasons behind this problem/phenomenon. For one ；Based on the above discussions, I can easily forecast that more and more people
Nowadays, there exists a common phenomenon—with the development of the Internet, more and more people tend to send electronic cards instead of paper ones to their friends and relatives when an important holiday comes.
There are a couple of reasons behind this phenomenon. For one thing, compared with the traditional cards, electronic cards are more lively and interesting. They can give not only pictures but also sound and animation. For another, there are many websites online which offer varieties of cards for you to choose from. What is more, with the popularity of the electronic cards, less paper is used in making paper cards, which does good to our environment.
Based on the above discussions, I can easily forecast that sending greetings by using electronic cards will be accepted by more and more people, not only the young ones.
三、写作指导
写作思路是先列出一个具体的社会问题或者现象，然后分析产生的原因和产生的影响，最后提出解决问题的办法，或者得出结论，或者提出个人看法，或者预测前景。
论点、论据、论证是议论文的三要素。论点是作者对所议论问题所持有的见解和主张，论据是用来证明论点的事实和道理的根据；论证是用论据来证明论点的方法和过程。一般来说，议论文每段都有主题句来确定论点。论证的方法很多，但最常用的是因果分析法。即：分析事实与论点的因果关系，指出取得结果的原因是所要证明的论点，从而达到论证的目的。
在近几年的高考中，议论文的比重占得越来越多，议论文的.出题形式可以多种多样，有看图写作、图表、表格、书信等各种类型，但文体实际是议论文，而有时是夹叙的议论文。议论文的写作要点是：
1. 观点鲜明，文章一定有一个明确的中心论点。
2. 层次分明，一个中心论点通常有几个分论点支持，不同层次之间要分明，过渡清晰自然。
3. 最后一段一般要总结全文，得出一个符合逻辑的结论，突出中心思想。
4. 一般采用一般现在时。
5. 语言简洁有力，一般不采用口语。
四、巩固练习
1.【练习题目】
2010年上海世界博览会期间，上万的青年志愿者参加志愿工作，请你谈谈对此现象的看法。
【参考范文】
During the period of holding the 2010 World Expo in Shanghai, tens of thousands of young citizens are participating in volunteer work, hoping to devote themselves to the grand occasion. As far as I am concerned, everyone ought to enter for it. Here are the reasons I want to mention.
It can be argued that the advantages of doing unpaid volunteer work are enormous, because volunteer work is actually a two-way street. First of all, volunteer work should always benefit people who need help. Those who need help will feel happier due to our immediate help. On the other hand, as far as the young people ourselves are concerned, we have more opportunities to develop the sense of responsibility, independence as well as interpersonal skills in the process of helping others.
Through this kind of work, we become confident and mature. In addition, we can make many friends and increase our chances of getting the jobs of our dreams. Furthermore, volunteer work plays an active role in building up a harmonious society.
In a word, it is of great value for the young adults to offer volunteer work. The youth volunteers do make a difference by the voluntary work! Why not join them and do something for our country?
2.【练习题目】
某些中学生为了显示自己成熟或表明自己醋而吸烟。请写一篇120词左右的短文，列举吸烟的危害，并提出建议。
【参考范文】
I am sorry to know that more and more middle school students begin to smoke. I think it is wrong to believe that smoking is cool and even think that smoking makes you appear to be mature. In fact, smoking is not cool but very dangerous.
First, smoking can do much damage to health. Scientific researches show that smoking can lead to heart diseases, cancers and other problems. It is reported that about 5 million people die of diseases related to smoking each year all over the world.
Second, it is a waste of money to smoke cigarettes. Smoking can cost a great deal of money. Once you are addicted to it, it is difficult to give it up.
What’s more, smoking can cause fires easily, which may do great damage to your life and your surroundings.
So give up smoking at once! Only in this way can you keep healthy forever.
3. 【练习题目】近年来，越来越多的中学生出国学习，出现了所谓的中学生“出国热”。请根据以下提供的信息，谈谈自己的看法。
1）良好的语言环境，更利于语言学习。
2）拓宽视野，学习国外先进的科学技术。
3）传播各民族间的不同文化。
参考词汇：媒介，中间人：mediator
【参考范文】
In recent years, studying abroad has been popular. Tens of thousands of Chinese middle school students have gone to foreign countries to study．Many people are trying their best to apply to go abroad.
There are a number of reasons for attending schools abroad．First, students who are studying abroad can act as mediators between people of different cultures. They can communicate with each other directly and learn about different cultures. Second, they can learn much more advanced knowledge of science and technology from foreign countries and experience different education methods．Third, they live in foreign countries and take classes given by foreign teachers. As a result, they can learn foreign languages much more quickly.
Therefore, it is advisable to attend schools abroad.
4.【练习题目】随着经济和社会的发展，道路上的私人小汽车越来越多。请根据自己的观察和理解，谈谈自己的观点。
【参考范文】
With the fantastic development both in economy and in society in China, the number of people who own private cars is on the rise. Some people have bought cars of their own, and others are planning to buy cars. But I strongly object to the increase in developing private cars.
I hold that automobiles will give rise to a series of problems. In the first place, as more and more cars are produced and run on the road, a large volume of poisonous gas will be given off, polluting the atmosphere and causing actual harm to the health of people. Next, private cars contribute to traffic jams so greatly that the advantages gained in comfort and freedom are often cancelled out by the frustration caused by traffic jams. The last problem is the increasing number of car accidents that have killed and will kill a lot of people in a friction of a second.
In a word, although automobiles have been playing a vital part in the daily activities of our society, they also bring us numerous troubles such as more serious environmental pollution, more traffic accidents and more energy consumption. They drink up huge amounts of fuel and throw out huge amounts of pollutants. Jams waste our precious time. Therefore, I am against developing private cars.
现象类作文和观点类作文【三】
有些材料不一定新鲜，但如果考生能别出心裁，从另一角度进行开拓，也能提出新的见解、新的观点。运用发散思维，能开拓思路，扩展视野；运用逆向思维，则能推陈出新。2010年高考语文安徽卷作文以诗“交流四水抱城斜，散作千溪遍万家。深处种菱浅种稻，不深不浅种荷花”为材料。可根据的后两句体现“因地制宜”的规律，联想到因人制宜、因事制宜、因文制宜，因国制宜，因楼制宜，因价制宜等。也可从水的角度构思，水抱城郭，深处可种菱，浅出可种稻，不深不浅处可种荷花，无水的岸边可住人家。水有上善之德，泰勒说：“水是万物本源。”水影响了整个生态和世界的变迁，由此还可以联想到一切作为本源的东西，如炎黄、风、儒家文化圈等。还可从美的`角度立意，本诗用明白简练的语言描绘了吴兴的美景，“美”是从阅读整诗的感受的角度提炼出来的哲理。马克思主义美学观认为“美是主客体的和谐统一”，即“和谐为美”。可以联想五官和谐之美、自然和谐之美、人际和谐之美、国家和谐之美、和谐世界理念。不和谐的是强拆、污染、贸易战争、世界霸权等。
现象类作文和观点类作文【四】
放假的一天，我在家里很无聊，不能看电视也不能上网玩游戏，由于妈妈说怕把眼睛弄近视。我不知道该干什么好。于是，我低头看看客厅的地板，地板上有很多黑黑的脚印和一层厚厚的灰尘，我想：肯定是妈妈很长时间没有拖地扫地。平时妈妈上班那么累，而且我还在地上扔一些果皮纸屑，不如，我就帮妈妈做一次家务吧！
说做就做。我先拿着扫帚和撮子，用扫帚把地上的果皮纸屑扫进撮子里，然后把垃圾倒掉，就开始拖地。我先拿一个桶，然后拧开水龙头，把里面接一半水，再用拖把沾一点水，把水沥干。我拿着拖把来到客厅，刚想开始拖地，就想起妈妈拖地时对我说的话：拖地时要右手向下左手向上的拿着拖把，要不然，地就拖不干净。我先把拖鞋底弄干净，然后按妈妈的方法拿拖把，从门旁边开始拖。我拖一遍觉得很累，而且地也没有拖干净，就产生想放弃的念头，我心想：要是我放弃，不就是半途而废吗？所以我不能放弃。我拖10分钟，终于把地拖好，看见客厅的地板干干净净的，我很开心，这时候才知道成功的喜悦。
今天我很开心，由于我不仅仅学会拖地，还从这件事中明白一个道理：做任何事情都不能半途而废，一定要坚持到底。而且我以后要多帮妈妈做一些力所能及的事，在家里做妈妈的好帮手！
现象类作文和观点类作文【五】
同一个材料可从不同的角度引申事理，要在一般人的思路共集处的基础上，引申一步，提出更新更深的观点。如2010年高考语文上海卷作文材料是“丹麦人钓鱼”的故事和孟子关于捕鱼的论述，素材表达的核心思想是“可持续发展”。材料中的“鱼”可以是自然资源的借代，也可以是一切资源的借喻。那么，可持续的就不仅仅是自然界，还可以是人类自身，是孩子，是自我，是社会，甚至世界本身。材料中的丹麦人、孟子，尺子、渔网，小鱼、大鱼都可以成为构思角度。若从小鱼的角度构思，对渔网和人们心目中的尺寸做反思，呼吁给予它们成长的空间，以便发展、壮大，引申开来可以谈青少年的成长，呼吁给予青少年成长更宽松、自由的空间，谈创新产品的孵化，谈新型文化的命运等，更容易给人以启迪。再如2010年高考语文广东卷作文“与你为邻”，“你”，可以是身边的朋友、同学、同事、领导、孩子、同龄人、长辈等；可以是非身边的，历史上的、社会生活中与自己有一定距离的、文学艺术中的、未来时空中的人物，如苏轼、李清照、洪战辉、丛飞、保尔、林黛玉、甚至是火星人等等；还可以是一种主义、一种信仰、一种理想、一种信念、一种关系、一种意识等。可以从“与你为邻，让我学会了如何做事；与你为邻，让我懂得了如何做人”“与你为邻，说出真话。与你为邻，给出善意。与你为邻，找出美感”“寻找真邻；寻找善邻；寻找美邻”等方面立意。通过事理，做进一步联想，并引申发生开去、会从文题中提炼出好的观点。
