一、要把文章写好,让语句通顺流利,首先要造好句,因为造句能力既是遣词用字能力的延伸和发展,又是写好片段作文的基础,所以造句的重要性是非常高的,千万不能忽视。文章是由段落组成的,而段落则是由句子组成的。造句是语文学习的一个基础,而要想造好句,就需要对词汇有一定的积累,对词语的意思能够正确理解。
二、小学生因为词汇量有限的`缘故,在造句上总会大伤脑筋,其实只要找对了方法,造句并不难。而造句的方法除了老师所教授的之外,更重要的就是结合生活实际进行推敲揣摩。
三、可以尝试把词语放在句中的不同位置造。比如“勤奋”,放在句首可以这样造:勤奋的人值得敬佩;放在句中可以这样造:小明是个勤奋的孩子;放在句末可以这样造:人们要获得成功就必须勤奋。
四、用形容词造句,可以对人物的动作、神态或事物的形状进行具体的描写。如用“鸦雀无声”造句:“教室里鸦雀无声,没有人说笑嬉闹,没有人随意走动,甚至连大气都不敢出了。”这就把“鸦雀无声”写具体了。
五、【仿照法】先找出造句的词语在文中什么地方,这个词又造成了什么句子。即把词放到一定的语言环境里,理解它的意思,再进行仿照。例如《小稻秧脱险记》一文中,要求用“激烈”一词造句,可先找到含有“激烈”的句子:“一天,水稻田里发生了激烈的争吵。”根据这个句子,可仿造许多句子。
六、【引述法】这种造句方法,就是顺着别人引述的意思接着往下说。例如:《世界上第一个听诊器》一文要求用“如果……就……”造句,老师作了许多方面的引述,让同学们顺着意思说下去,如“如果我是图书管理员……”。
“叮零零,叮零零……”闹钟又开始叫我起床了,我做好各种准备,背起书包,跑向学校。
跑在路上时,我看见路上车水马龙。突然,一阵“疾风”吹来,我勉强睁开一只眼睛,看见一个小伙子飞一样的骑着摩托车。前面有一位老爷爷,小伙子差一点就撞到老爷爷了。老爷爷慌的一下,把手里的菜撒了一地,他只好无奈的看着那小伙子离去的背影。
这时,走来一位阿姨,她一声不吭地从口袋里拿出一个环保袋,把地上的菜一个一个的捡去放到环保袋中,阿姨把袋子递给老爷爷,说“爷爷,您拿好了,那个小伙子的车号我记下了,交警同志一定会惩罚他的,”老爷爷连声说“谢谢你,你真是一个好人呀!”“不用谢,帮助需要帮助的人是我应该做的。”
这件事我永远记在心里,这位助人为乐的阿姨我也会永远记住她。
Ⅰ单项选择
1.thehouseonfire,hedialed119.
A.ToseeB.SeeingC.HavingseenD.Beingseen
2.Ifelldownandbrokethreeofmyteeth.IwonderhowmanytimesIhavetocomehereandgetmyfalseteeth.
A.fixB.fixingC.fixedD.tofix
3.We'retolistentoher_voice.It'stohearhersing.
A.pleased;pleasing;pleasureB.pleased;pleasant;apleasure
C.pleasing;pleased;apleasureD.pleasing;pleasant;pleasure
4.somestamps.
A.Passed,buyingB.Passing,tobuyC.Havingpassed,buyD.Pass,tobuy
5.withthesizeofthewholeearth,thehighestmountaindoesnotseemhighatall.
A.ComparingB.TocompareC.ComparedD.Havingcompared
6.Herearesomenewcomputerprogramsforhomebuildings.
A.designingB.designC.designedD.todesign
7.alittlemoney,Jimmywasabletobuyhismotheralovelynewlamp.
A.TosaveB.SavingC.SavedD.Havingsaved
8.Theteachercameintotheclassroombyhisstudents.
A.followingB.tobefollowingC.followedD.havingfollowed.
9.Withthemoney,hecouldn'tbuyanyticket.
A.toloseB.losingC.lostD.haslost
10.Therewassomuchnoiseintheroomthatthespeakercouldn'tmakehimself.
A.beingheardB.hearingC.heardD.hear
11.Theresultofthetestwasrather.
A.disappointedB.disappointingC.beingdisappointedD.disappoint
12.I'veneverheardthewordinspokenEnglish.
A.useB.usedC.usingD.touse
13.howtodothehomework,Iwenttoaskmyteacherforhelp.
A.NottoknowB.NotknowingC.KnowingnotD.Notknown
14.Deeply,Ithankedheragainandagain.
A.beingmovingB.movedC.movingD.tobemoved
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15.Withwinteron,it'stimetobuywarmclothes.
A.cameB.comesC.comeD.coming
16.theoffice,theforeignvisitorswereshownroundtheteachingbuilding.
A.HavingshownB.ShowingC.HasshownD.Havingbeenshown
17.Hewentfromdoortodoor,wastepapersandmagazines.
A.gatheringB.gatheredC.gatherD.beinggathered
18.Thestudentcorrectedhispapercarefully,theprofessor'ssuggestions.
A.followB.followingC.followedD.beingfollowed
19.Thepricewillsaveyouonedollarforeachdozen.
A.reduceB.reducingC.reducedD.reduces
20.Peopleinthecitydonotknowthepleasureofcountrylife.
A.liveB.toliveC.livedD.living
21.Theforeignertriedhisbest,buthestillcouldn'tmakehispoint
A.understandB.understandingC.tounderstandD.understood
22.Thescientistswerewaitingtoseetheproblem
A.settleB.settledC.tosettleD.settling
23.Thelibrary'sstudyroomisfullofstudentsfortheexam.
A.busilypreparedB.busypreparingC.busilyprepareD.arebusilypreparing
24.Thegroundiswithleaves.
A.covering,fallingB.covered,fallingC.covered,fallenD.covering,fallen
25.Lessonseasilyweresoonforgotten.
A.tolearnB.learnC.learnedD.learning
26.Thewalletseveraldaysagowasfoundinthedustbinoutsidethebuilding.
A.stolen,hiddenB.stealing,hidingC.stealing,hiddenD.stolen,hiding
27.Apersonaforeignlanguagemustbeabletousetheforeignlanguageown.
A.tolearn,toforgetB.learning,toforgetC.tolearn,forgettingD.learning,forgetting
28.differentkindsofpianos,theworkersfartherimprovedtheirquality.
A.ToproduceB.BeingproducedC.ProducedD.Havingproduced
29.Thestudentsintheuniversityarealltakingcoursesadegree.
A.comingtoB.goingtoC.leadingtoD.turningto
30.Manythingsimpossibleinthepastareverycommontoday.
A.considerB.consideringC.consideredD.beconsidered
2
31.manytimes,hestillcouldn'tunderstand.
A.HavingbeentoldB.HavingtoldC.HehavingbeentoldD.telling
32.Theoldsickladyenteredthehospital,hertwosons.
A.tosupportB.supportingC.supportedbyD.havingsupported
33.Chinaisoneofthelargestcountriesintheworld,9.6millionsquarekilometres.
A.tocoverB.coveredC.coversD.covering
34."Wemustkeepasecretofthethingsatthemanincharge
oftheinformationoffice.
A.discussed,staredseriouslyB.beingdiscussed,seriouslystaring
C.tobediscussed,seriouslystaredD.discussed,stared
35.ThevisitingMinisterexpressedhissatisfactionwiththetalks,
A.havingaddedB.toaddC.addingD.added
36."Canyouread?"Marysaidtothenotice.
A.angrilypointingB.andpointangrilyC.angrilypointedD.andangrilypointing
37.thecomposition,Johnhandedittotheteacherandwentoutoftheroom.
A.WritingB.HavingwrittenC.WrittenD.Beingwritten
38.Wereyouwhenyousawthatwildanimal?
A.frightB.frighteningC.frightenedD.frighten
39.Properlywithnumbers,thebookscanbeeasilyfound.
A.markedB.markC.tomarkD.marking
40.Thechildsatinthedentist'schair.
A.trembleB.tremblingC.trembledD.totrembled
41.Atthismomentthebellrang
A.announceB.announcingC.announcedD.toannounce
42.Hewalkeddownthehills,softlytohimself.
A.singB.singingC.sungD.tosing
43.Ihadtoshouttomakemyselfabovethenoise.
A.heardB.hearingC.heardD.tohear
44.Thegraduatingstudentsarebusymaterialfortheirreports.
A.collectB.tocollectC.collectedD.collecting
45.ThecarsinBeijingareasgoodasthoseinShanghai.
A.produce,produceB.produced,produced
C.produced,producingD.producing,producing
46.WhenIcamein,IsawDr.Liapatient.
A.examineB.examiningC.toexamineD.examined
3
47.asatisfactoryoperation,thepatientrecoveredfromillnessveryquickly.
A.HavingbeengivenB.HavinggivenC.GivingD.Beinggiven
48.asatisfactoryoperation,thedoctorbelievedthepatientwouldrecoverfromhisillness
verysoon.
A.HavingbeengivenB.HavinggivenC.GivingD.Beinggiven
49.HewrotealettertomethathistriptoJapanhadbeenputoffbecauseofthebadweather.
A.informB.informingC.informedD.beinginformed
50.Hereadsnewspaperseverydaytokeephimself__aboutwhat'sgoingonintheworld.
A.informB.informingC.informedD.beinginformed
Ⅱ.用适当的非谓语动词形式填空
1.Shecaughtthestudent(cheatinexams.
2.WhenIgotthere,Ifoundhim(repairfarmtools.
3.WhenIgotthere,Ifoundthefarmtools.(repair
4.Justthenheheardsomeone
5.Heworkedsohardthathegothispay
6.Themissingboyswerelastseen(playneartheriver.
7.His__________(frightenexpressionmadehiswife__________(surprise.
8.Theworkershadthemachines(runallnightlongtofinishtheworkontime.
9.Peopleinthesouthhavetheirhouses(makeofbamboo.
10.(loseinthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.
Ⅲ.改写下列句子,其划线部分应改为分词短语
1.Gentlemenalwaysshakehands
2.Acoldrainwasfalling.
3.Theoldmanwalkedslowly.
4.Theground
5.Thereisatalltree
1、题目2、开头3、关键词句 (比如:运用了说明方法的语句、中心句
①.举例子:具体真切地说明了事物的××特点。
②.分类别:条理清楚地说明了事物的××特点。对事物的特征/事理分门别类加以说明,使说明更有条理性。使说明的内容眉目清楚,避免重复交叉的现象。
③.列数字:具体而准确地说明该事物的.××特点。使说明更有说服力。
④.作比较:突出强调了被说明对象的××特点(地位、影响等)。
⑤.下定义:用简明科学的语言对说明的对象/科学事理加以揭示,从而更科学、更本质、更概括地揭示事物的特征/事理。
⑥.打比方:打比方就是修辞方法中的比喻。生动形象地说明该事物的××特点,增强了文章的趣味性。
⑦.画图表:使读者一目了然,非常直观形象地说明的事物的××特点。
⑧.作诠释:对事物的特征/事理加以具体的解释说明,使说明更通俗易懂。
下定义与作诠释的区别是:定义要求完整,而诠释并不要求完整,对事物的特征/事理加以具体的解释说明,使说明更通俗易懂。可以颠倒。
⑨.摹状貌:对事物的特征/事理加以形象化的描摹,使说明更具体生动形象。
⑩.引资料:能使说明的内容更具体、更充实。用引用的方法说明事物的特征,增强说服力,如引用古诗文、谚语、俗话。引用说明在文章开头,还起到引出说明对象的作用。
⑴空间顺序:多用于写建筑物的结构或某一景观
⑵时间顺序:说明事物的发展变化,多用于介绍事物的演变过程。
⑶逻辑顺序:说明事物之间的内在联系,多用于说明事物原理或使用方法。
a、 先总说后分说:总分;分总;总分总 b、 先主要后次要。
c、 先原因后结果。 d、 由现象到本质。e、由形态、分类到性质、用途
f、 由一般到特殊。 g、 由整体到局部。 f、
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