小升初分班考试英语作文题目类型【一】
Paul Robert在《英语句子结构》(English Sentence Structure一书中指出:“据多数情况来看,歧义的产生并非故意的。它是由运用句子结构时的疏忽造成的,以致没有能够将可以使意义清晰的标记包罗到句子中去。(周立人,1997∶6”于是忽视使用表明句子结构的句法代号就引起了语法歧义。伍谦光(1995∶199认为:“‘语法歧义’是指由于对句子中的句法结构有不同理解而产生的歧义。”语法歧义最常见,也最复杂。下面是一些具有代表性的类例:
1.1词性
一个句子往往由于无法确定某个词的词性而变得无法理解。
(1College demands change.
很明显,例句中的demands既可理解为动词,也可理解为名词。change同样如此。于是此句就产生了两个不同的意思:(1大学要求改革。demands是动词,change是名词。(2大学的要求改变了。demands是名词,change是动词。
1.2名词(修饰语+名词
1.2.1复合名词或名词短语
(2an English teacher
此例在书面语中易引起歧义:(1一位教英语的老师。English teacher是一个复合名词。(2一位来自英国的老师。English作为修饰语加在名词前构成名词短语。
1.2.2-ing+名词
(3Flying planes can be dangerous.
此句也产生了两种意思:(1驾驶飞机会是危险的。Flying是动名词。(2正在驾驶的飞机会有危险。Fling是现在分词,作形容词用。
1.3带有’s的名词所有格
(4This is his teacher’s book.
句子中teacher’s book可以是一个整体,即“教师用书”。但his teacher也可以是一个整体,即“他的老师”。所以此句产生了两个意思:(1这是他的教师用书。(2这是他老师的书。
1.4不定式动词短语
(5The tiger is too small to kill.
此例也有两种含义:(1这只老虎太小以致于不能伤人。此意对tiger来说,是主动的动作。(2这只老虎太小了,还不能被。此意对tiger来说,是被动的动作。
1.5“及物动词+宾语”结构
(6I found Jim an experienced teacher.
及物动词found后面接了两个名词Jim和an experienced teacher。这句话有两个意思:(1我发现吉姆原来是一位有的老师。(2我为吉姆找到了一位有经验的老师。
1.6并列连词and
(7Tom and Lucy are married.
此句可理解为:(1汤姆和露西两个成了亲。其中and连接两个名词,构成一个简单句。(2汤姆和露西两个都已结婚。该句可看作一个并列句。
1.7悬挂式否定词not
(8His object is not to eat.
此句产生的两种意思为:(1他的目的不是吃。作此意讲时,is和not的关系紧密,可写作isn’t。(2他的目的是绝食。作此意讲时,not与to eat的关系紧密,形成“绝食”的含义。因此not是悬挂式的(即可以自由摆动。
1.8悬挂式代词
(9The man informed his brother that he should lose weight.
人称代词he位于两个名词the man和his brother之后,句意变得模糊:(1这个男的告诉他的哥哥他自己应该减肥。人称代词he代指the man。(2这个男的告诉他的哥哥他应该减肥。这时人称代词he代指his brother。
1.9悬挂式状语修饰成分
(10The people who saw the play frequently praised it.
这里的frequently很难说是修饰saw the play还是praised的,因为状语修饰成分是“悬挂的”,所以产生了两个意思:(1经常看戏的人们称赞了它。(2看了这出戏的人们频繁地称赞它。
1.10悬挂式定语修饰成分
(11Lily likes the vase on the table which she bought yesterday.
此句中的which she bought yesterday是定语从句,这个定语从句可认为是修饰vase,也可以认为是修饰table。也引起了歧义:(1莉莉喜欢放在桌子上的那个昨天买的花瓶。(2莉莉喜欢放在昨天买的桌子上的那个花瓶。
小升初分班考试英语作文题目类型【二】
[1]Lyons,J.Linguistic Semantics: An Introduction[M].Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,1995.
[2]Saeed,J.I.Semantics[M].Oxford:Blackwell Publisher Itd,1997.
[3]陈汉生.基础英语中的几种歧义现象[J].外国语,1994,(4:72-74.
[4]侯国金.英语语言学精要回答与指南[M].武汉:中国地质大学出版社,1998.
[5]胡壮麟,刘润清,李延福.语言学教程[M].北京:北京大学出版社,1988.
[6]林承璋.英语词汇学引论(修订版[M].武汉:武汉大学出版社,1997.
[7]维多利亚·弗罗姆金,罗伯特·罗德曼.语言导论[M].北京:北京语言学院出版社,1994.
[8]伍谦光.语义学导论[M].长沙:湖南教育出版社,1995.
[9]周立人.英语歧义类例论析[J].国外外语教学,1997,(1:1-7.
小升初分班考试英语作文题目类型【三】
暑假即将来临。
你班同学讨论了假期计划，提出了不同看法。
请根据提示写一篇有关讨论的英语短文，并谈谈你的看法。
注意：1.短文必须写在答题卡的指定区域，词数80——120（不含已写好部分）。
2．短文必须包括表中所列要点，可根据内容分段表达。
3．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
4．参考词汇：眼界——horizon（或view）
One possible version：
The summer holiday is coming. Our class have had a discussion about what to do during the holiday. Some are in favor of staying at home. They think it’s both convenient and comfortable. What’s more, they can save money for other purposes. But they will lose the chance of getting to know the outside world.
However, others prefer to go out for traveling since it can increase their knowledge and broaden their horizons. But they will spend more money and meet some difficulties while traveling.
In my opinion, it would be much better to stay at home, for I can do what I like, such as reading books, watching TV, and helping my parents with the housework.
小升初分班考试英语作文题目类型【四】
钓鱼
昨天，我的妈妈，带我去了义乌密林中的一个山庄，叫做麒麟山庄。在那里，有着一口十分清澈的湖，在湖的边上有着一排又一排的石凳，在石凳上坐着一位头发斑白的老爷爷他以自己高超的技术，捕捉到了好多的鱼。
看到河水清澈见底，水清鱼跃，也许老爷爷今天一定想要钓几条活蹦乱跳的鱼回去。老爷爷，拿着钓竿，在钓竿的钩子上，钩上一只蚯蚓，然后，用力的一抛杆，一根短短的彩色的.杆子，随着钓钩，飞到了同一个地方，那根五彩的杆子，直直的竖立在水中，好象水中有一个人，正在用那一根杆子呼吸呢！
在水中的那一根五彩的杆子，突然，上下上下不停的在剧烈的摆动，我十分高兴，在石凳上跳了起来，大叫：“有鱼上钩了，有鱼上钩了！”我拿起放在一边地上的网子，要上去帮老爷爷的忙，可就我这一惊一吓，把老爷爷差一点要上钩的鱼给吓跑了！我十分后悔，我还以为老爷爷他会来骂我，所以，我一直低着头不感抬头，可老爷爷十慈祥和的说：“有没有什么了不起，下一次不这样不就行了！”我很感动地说了一声：“对不起！”
过了一会，又有一条大鱼上钩了，这鱼的劲好大，力的把鱼拉了过来，我马上上去接，终于，捞到了一条大的鲫鱼，凭着我和爷爷的一下把老爷爷拉的向前栽了一大步，老爷爷失去了重心，大惊失色，差一点就被拉进水里。老爷爷马上大叫：“来快来捉住它！”我大步流星，马上冲到了老爷爷前，老爷爷用完美的配合，又几次抓到大鱼，
一共8条，6条大鱼，2条小鱼，这是我和爷爷两个人一起努力的结晶。
我会记住这美好而又快乐的一件事！
天色渐渐地暗了下去，我们提着满满的一网“战利品”回家了。晚上，我喝着妈妈烧的鱼汤，心理美滋滋的，我想到：自己和老爷爷一起努力的劳动成果真好吃得不得了！
小升初分班考试英语作文题目类型【五】
假如你在一间书店(该书店卖各种杂志和书籍里打工，书店的老板是一个英国人。
每天很少顾客光顾，书店老板请你提出一些吸引顾客的建议。
注意：1、用英语表达，词数：120字左右。
2、可以编写对话或使用其他叙述方式。
One possible version：
them with interesting magazines and books．a poster outside announcing subjects of interest，such as music，films，video，football and so on．a special introductory price for first—time customers．Once they have come into the shop they will then see the other attractions．
where they can trade old books for new ones at a special price．in the shop where books and magazines interesting to them are on show．Invite them to come and sit in the comfortable chairs provided to meet their friends and look through books and magazines．
小升初分班考试英语作文题目类型【六】
当前不少文学作品被改编成电影。
有人选择看电影，有人则喜欢读原著。
请你以“Film or book, which do you prefer”为题，按照下列要点写一篇英语短文：
1、看电影：省时、有趣、易懂
2、读原著：细节更多、语言优美
3、我的看法及理由
注意：1、词数：1502、参考词汇：original work或book in the original（原著）One possible Version
Film or book, which do you preferis that it takes less time to understand the whole story. Besides, the film is usually more interesting, and it is easier to follow.
They think that they can get more detailed information from the original. Meanwhile, the language in the book is possibly more lively and beautiful. home, reading quietly in a situation of my own, and what’s more, I am able to better understand the author’s ideas. In a word, to read the original work is better than to see the film based on it.
小升初分班考试英语作文题目类型【七】
It is mainly said in the passage that a boy and his father went fishing in a river.The boy caught a big fish al
ong the forbidden time .Therefore,his father forced him to put it back. If his father compromised with the boy on keeping the fish,the boy would develop a bad habit of ignoring social rules. As is known to all, to protect our safety,school states that no child shall be permitted leaving the school without accompanying by their parents during the daily study.However,still some students would rather look down upon the school rules,which leads to the school gate in a mess. As far as i am concerned,it is of great significance to observe the regulations rather than to break it for personal benefits.In a word,we should attach importance to obeying the rules.Only by following the social roles can we possess virtue,which has good impacts on society.
