介绍学习用品作文说明文【一】
说明文是以说明为主要表达方式用来说明事物，阐明事理的`一种文体。它通过揭示概念来说明事物的特征、本质及其规律性，给人准确的科学知识或正确思想。一般可分为实体事物说明和抽象事物说明两大类，词典、教材、论文、实验报告、产品说明书、广告、解说词及科学小品等都属于说明文。
按写作方法,英语说明文主要分为下面六种类型
1.例证法 2.定义法 3.分类法 4.因果关系法 5.比较对照法 6.过程分析法
1.例证法
Our life today depends very much on energy. For example, machines have made our life easier than it used to be. The machines use energy, and energy is needed for heating, lighting, communications, carrying goods-everything. Factories use a great deal of energy to make the things that we use and buy and sell.
这段主要是讲能源问题。第一句为主题句,概括地说出"我们目前的生活很大程度上依赖能源"。接着用举例的方法从三方面说明能源的作用。
2.定义法
An ideal teacher must have the following characteristics. He should know his subject, but he can make mistakes if he is willing to learn. His personality is as important as his scholarship. An ideal teacher must be enthusiastic. He should be a bit of an actor and he shouldn't be afraid to show his feelings and express his likes and dislikes. An ideal teacher is one who grows, learns, and improves himself along with his students.
本段的展开是通过对"一个模范教师"下定义的方法,关键词"ideal teacher"在文中多次重复,能加深读者的印象。
3.分类法
As far as political views are concerned, people fall into three categories. First are the conservative people. Conservatives are opposed to sudden or great changes. Second are the liberal people. These people are in favour of progress and reform. But their opinions often seem too idealistic. Third are the moderate people. The moderates keep everything within reasonable limits. They are more practical in this hard world. In my opinion, most people seem to belong to this group.
本段把人按政治观点分为三类:保守派(conservative people、自由派(liberal people和温和派(moderate people,并对他们各自的特征进行了简要的分析。
4.因果关系法
Of the four seasons, I like spring best. I prefer spring because it is a season of much joy and gaiety. New life bursts out everywhere. Plants wear a green coat again and colourful flowers blossom in gardens and mountains. The old come outdoors for fresh air and the young plan for outdoor activities. Life becomes so energetic and happy.
第一句为本段主题句,末句是总结句。在主题句后, 作者用了四个句子阐述自己喜欢春天的理由。
5.比较对照法
I like having a twin sister. When she's happy, I'm happy. When she feels unhappy, I feel the same. Often, I know what she's going to say. Sometimes, I know what she's thinking. I like what she likes. I hate what she hates. We like the same music, the same food and the same books.
这段采用AB交错的比较方式,阐述孪生姐妹的相同特征。这种写法较流畅自然,给读者的印象也更鲜明突出。
6.过程分析法
There are several steps to plant a tree. First, dig a hole large enough for the tree, but the hole should not be too deep. Second, put the tree in the hole so that it is straight. Third, put the earth back into the hole again. Push it down hard with your foot several times. Finally, water the tree well, as often as possible.
这段分析了植树过程中的几个步骤。全段层次分明,连接词语(first, second, third, finally的使用加强了语句的连贯性。
Exercises
例１ 请根据Wang Hua 在学骑自行车时的几个步骤，写一篇短文，说明他是任何学会骑自行车的．
参考词汇： handle-bars 自行车把手 pedal 踏板 saddle 车座
Wang Hua is learning to ride a bicycle. Let’s watch him and see how he can get on his bicycle. He put his hands on the handle-bars. He puts his left foot on the left pedal, then he pushes himself hard forward with his right leg. Now he can move on together with the bicycle and his whole body is now on the bicycle. Then, he raises his right leg over the saddle and lower himself on the saddle. Now, he is on the bicycle and stepping the pedals hard with both legs. And the bicycle is going forward.
例2
请写一篇短文介绍如何乘坐伦敦地铁．
内容提示如下：
1. 在售票处（booth购买辅币（token需30便士．
2. 在入口处将辅币投入狭孔（slot，你就可以走下地铁．
3. 在站台等车时，要站在白线以外．注意你要去的方向．不要站错站台．
4. 上下车应迅速，因为车门关闭很快．地铁内规定不准吸烟．
注意：短文的意思要连贯． 字数：100个左右．
If you want to travel by underground in London, you should first find the nearest underground entrance and buy a token for 30 pence in the booth. After you drop the token into the slot at the entrance, you can walk down the stairs. Stand back of the white line while waiting for the train on the platform. Make sure that you are on the right side of the platform for your train. When the train arrives, get on or get off quickly because the doors of the train close quickly. Smoking is not allowed in the underground.
例3
家用电脑体积下，价格低，造型优美，简单易用，使用方便，灵活；可用于计算，记事，打电话，打印信件；儿童可用它来学英语，做游戏． 你通过家用电脑能学会怎样使用微机；为将来寻找工作提供便利；电脑工作比人快数百倍；我们已经得到电脑的巨大帮助． 请根据以上内容写一篇介绍家用电脑的说明文． 字数120左右．
A Family Computer
A family computer is small. Its price is not high, and it has a good look. It can be used easily. You can calculate, make notes, call others and type letters, etc. Also, children can learn English or play games with it. Besides, you can use a family computer as a training computer. You can learn how to use an office computer, which can give you convenience to find a good job in a company. Computers can work hundreds of times faster than humans. We have been greatly helped by
computers.
例 4
请以The Importance of Trees 为题写一篇短文，说明保护森林的必要性．
1. 说明树木的主要用途：提供木材；吸水，防止水灾，旱灾；净化空气，美化生活．
2. 滥伐树木的危害；无计划砍伐造成水土流失，土壤沙化，造成水灾．
3. 每年都应植树造林，使其为人类更好服务等等．
字数：100左右．
As we all know, trees are very useful. They are of great benefit to man as follows. First, trees provide us with wood and other products. Second, their roots can allow the rain to sink in and keep the soil, so they help to prevent droughts and floods. Trees can help clean air and beautify life.
Unfortunately, nowadays in many parts of the world lots of people fail to realize the importance of trees. They have cut trees down in large numbers without a plan, which makes the soil washed away. They don’t know where there are no trees, the rain washes away the surface of the soil and this causes floods.
We ought to plant trees each year and carefully look after new trees in order not to make the forest slowly disappear. Only in this way can we make the forest serve man forever.
例 5
根据下表格提供的信息，请你推荐两本学中文的词典．
Dear Steve,
I’m pleased to learn that you and your classmates are learning Chinese. I’d like to recommend the following two dictionaries. The English- Chinese Chinese-English Dictionary is really a good one for beginners. It has 18,000 English words and 20,000 Chinese words. Besides plenty of examples, it has many notes telling you how to use a word. Xinhua Dictionary is the most popular Chinese dictionary, and it has a vocabulary of 10,000 words. It may also be useful to some advanced learners of Chinese. Of the two, ECCED is the more expensive, costing 52 yuan, and XD costs 11 yuan.
Please let me know if you want me to buy these dictionaries.
Yours, Li Yua
介绍学习用品作文说明文【二】
这样的日子，匆匆的擦肩而过，然后渐渐的淡化为一滴水珠，淡化为一抹记忆。
夏天，那金黄的麦浪，可口的西瓜，安逸的假期已称为记忆的水珠，翻开一页新的篇章，似乎又将有无数的水珠涌入脑海，化为思绪奔涌的'河流。
最终，还是要去面对一切，敞开心扉，步入那个校园。
校园的早晨是安静的，空气中飘散着花草的清香，就像一位恬静的少女，披着万缕霞光，散发着独特的缕缕幽香。
这难道是这座人才辈出的学堂独有的香气？
天气依旧晴朗，天空清澈的如同湖水；晶莹得令人禁不住屏息凝神；蓝得安静，梦幻，还略带小心翼翼的缕缕幽香。
在这所学校中，生机是必不可少的，虽然学习繁重，但脸上荡漾的依然是笑脸。严肃的课堂中，银铃般的笑声时常从教室的窗口传出。
校园中，行走着。渐渐熟悉的景物一一从眼旁略过。夏末的树叶枝头，繁密依旧是一大关键词，显示出生机勃勃的样子。微风拂过，便奏起哗啦啦的抒情小调。
新学校伊始，初中的大门早已不留痕迹的打开，就像磁悬浮列车，“刷”的开过，只留下与铁轨摩擦发出的响声。
初中的生活渐渐的步入正轨。每天的时间总是跑的飞快，像一个苹果，每天咬一口，一个星期后，便留下一个核。其实，每一天的日子都要学会品尝，就像品尝丝滑的咖啡一般，让它缓缓地流入心底。这时，你会发现，生活，学习的日子，原来是如此的愉快。
印度的泰戈尔曾说：“只有经历地狱般的磨练，才能炼造出天堂的力量，只有流过的手指，才能弹出世间绝唱。“中学生活已经来临，需要用笑脸去面对。教室、宿舍、食堂，我不希望过着这样三点一线的生活，因为我本是一个清新开朗之人。我想——
捧起一本书，靠在窗边，静静地享受；
拿起一支笔，轻快地书写着字体，默默地汲取；
敞开心扉，面对大家畅所欲言，淡淡地滋润。
在这里，我想默默地告诫自己：不要因为自己不够优秀，不够完美，不够聪明，不够好。不要因为他们轻慢，他们驳斥，他们沉默，他们一笑而过。争锋对决的游戏，每天都在上演，而且亦是一天比一天完美。只要我足够坚硬，那么，我的对手，就足够软弱。
