这种题目答题的角度有三:
(1)、结构、内容作用:引出下文、承上启下、总结全文/前文。
有时在文章在开头,还起着引出说明对象/说明事理的作用。
(2)、结合说明方法谈。
通过……的说明方法,说明了……(事物特征或事理),使说明……(作用)。
1、结合说明方法谈
规范性的答题模式如下:
这篇文章主要运用了……的说明方法,说明了……(内容:事物特征或事理),使说明……(作用:参考前面说明方法,明确其作用)
2、结合修辞手法谈
规范性的答题模式如下:
这是一篇生动地说明文,大量地使用了各种修辞手法,说明了……(内容),使文章的说明形象生动。
3、结合表达方式谈
记叙、描写使说明更具体形象;抒情、议论使说明更有感情。那么,从这个角度分析说明文的写法,答题的规范性格式如下:
这篇文章综合运用多种表达方式,除了说明外,还有……(从“记叙、描写、说明、议论”根据内容选择),如……(具体举例),就是……(表达方式)的运用,使说明更具体形象/充满感情。
I have been good at school. I often think of you when I go to bed because we always go for a walk before go to bed at home. So I miss you everyday.
Do you miss me? Why dont you call me? Ive got a lot of things to tell you.
One of the things is about foreign teachers daughter. Her names Skyler. She lives in Canada. She comes to our class to learn Chinese and English with me in my class.
This afternoon, when it was art and craft class, our class were cleaning the gymnasium. And she did it with us too. So I usually talk to her when she doesn’t know what to do? But when the class is over, I always havent got enough time to talk to her. And I usually cant find her. So we dont have time to introduce to each other. But it is the first time that I have a foreign student. So Im very happy!
Mum, you often tell me, "If you are happy, Ill be happy, too."So you have to be happy, because Im happy! I like you when you are happy!
In the end, I wish you everything is just fine!
Yours,
Sophia.
第一招:善于找准说明对象。
第二招:善于概括说明对象的特点。
第三招:善于分析说明顺序。
第四招:善于分析说明方法及其作用。弄清楚了说明方法的特点,分析它们在文章中的具体作用。
第五招:善于分析说明文的语言。
第六招:善于分析引用古籍或的目的。先要理解所引古籍或名言的含义,现联系说明的'内容,看看这两者间有何内在联系,就能领悟其引用的目的了。在说明的开头文段或中间叙述有关的故事,究竟起何作用:在文章开头叙述故事,其目的往往是为了引起读者阅读的兴趣,或者是为了引出说明对象。在文章或段落中间叙述故事,往往是为了增强说明文的可读性,同时也为了说明事物的来源或作用。
第七招:善于完成开放性问题。中考说明文阅读,根据“新课标”中要求“注意领会作品中所体现的科学精神和科学思想方法”的要求,说明文阅读考查的题目势必要引导学生关注人类、关注自然、关注生态环境、关注科技进程、关注未来发展,有利于培养学生的科学态度、科学思想、科学品质、科学精神和科学方法。
Dear David,
Im glad youll come to Beijing to learn Chinese。 Chinese is very useful, and many foreigners are learning it now。 Its difficult for you because its quite different from English。 You have to remember as many Chinese words as possible。 Its also important to do some reading and writing。 You can watch TV and listen to the radio to practise your listening。 Do your best to talk with people in Chinese。 You can learn Chinese not only from books but also from people around you。 If you have any questions, please ask me。 Im sure youll learn Chinese well。
Hope to see you soon in Beijing。
Yours,
Wang Ming
Dear Sir,
I was very interested in your advertisement in todays edition of The Evening Post and I should like to apply to be a member of the Amazon Expedition team.
I am twenty-three years old and have an honors degree in Botany from Bath University. Since leaving university I have been working in a research laboratory but my contract comes to an end in six weeks. I would particularly like to join the expedition for the opportunity it would give me to study the plant life of the area.
I enjoy several outdoor activities including rowing and rock climbing and I consider myself to be both fit and healthy enough to undertake such an expedition.
If you would like me to attend an interview, I would be able to come at any time convenient to you, (J1 my employers have agreed to give me time off for the purpose.
I look forward to hearing from you.
Yours faithfully,
Lily Ma
看题目、首括句、尾结句或提问式语句。如果是事物说明文,被说明的事物既是说明对象。如果是事理说明文,说明对象则是对象加特征,答案形成一个短语:介绍了……的……。如:《看云识天气》,介绍了云和天气的关系及怎样看云识天气。
考察对说明事物特征的把握。
答题技巧:尽量从原文中找原句作答,若没有,则注意段意、中心句。如《中国石拱桥》中关于它的三大特点:历史悠久、形式优美、结构坚固。
Dear John,
I am writing to thank you for looking after me after that unfortunate accident the other day, when I was knocked off my bike by a taxi. If it had not been for your assistance in giving me first aid and taking me to a nearby hospital, I fear that the consequences might have been much more serious.
The doctor says that my broken leg is healing well. In addition, the taxi company has agreed to pay my hospital bills. Everyone agrees that it was your quick-witted response in that Emergency that has led to this satisfactory outcome.
Although nowadays many people talk about the need to be unselfish and to help others, we see very few people practicing what they preach. But you showed by your actions that you are an exception.
Yours sincerely.
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